A Probate Checklist: Nzira Yokugadzirisa Imba

by Julie Garber

Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinoda kuongorora dzinotevera matanho aya

Munhu akafa haagoni kuwana pfuma, saka inofanirwa kutenderwa zviri pamutemo kubva pauri hwake kusvika kune womubatsiri mupenyu kana afa. Izvi ndizvo zvinowanzoitwa kuburikidza nehuwandu hwekuongorora.

Uye zvakadini nezvezvakawanda zvezvikwereti? Vanobhadharwa kuburikidza nehutano hwekuongorora pamwe chete.

Zvose izvi zvinotarisirwa pasi pekutarisana nedare remhosva, uye pane mitemo nemitemo inofanira kuteverwa pose apo dare rinobatanidzwa. Zvinogona kusiyana zvakasiyana kubva kuhurumende kuenda kune imwe nyika, asi dzimwe nhanho dzinowanzoitika uye dzinowanikwa mune zvakatemwa.

01 Kutanga

Nhanho yekutanga munharaunda yekugadzirisa nzvimbo ndeyekutarisisa kana wakafa akasiya kuda. Kunze kwekuti iye akasika hupenyu hwekuvimba panzvimbo iyo, iyo dzimba inofanira kunge ichiri kuongororwa kunyange kana isina kusiya chido.

Kana iwe usingawani chido pakati pemapepa ake anokosha, tarisa nevanyanzvi angangodaro akashandisa kuva nevamwe. Iwe unogonawo kuwana ruzivo rwekuchengetedza bhokisi rakachengeteka kana aine chimwe chete nokuda kwechinangwa chekuwana kuda kwake. Iyi ndeimwe yemitemo iyo inogona kusiyanisa nehurumende, zvisinei. Iwe unogona kutora mvumo yakakosha kubva kumuchengetedzo wedare rekuongorora kupinda mubhokisi.

Kana iwe usingakwanisi kutsvaga chido uye kana akafa asina imwe hurongwa hwehupfumi hwakafanana nehutendwa, imba yacho inonzi "inzwi." Zvose zviyero zvakadaro zvinoshanda. Vangobatanidzwa zvishoma kuti vateerere chokwadi chokuti wakafa haana kuita zvishuwo zvake zvekupedzisira kuzivikanwa.

02 Vhura Zvivako NeDare

Kuzarura imba iyo inogona kunge yakajeka sekutora kuda kune mubvunzo wedare rekuongorora uye kuifambisa. Munhu anonzi ari muurayi mune izvo zvichangoita basa iri.

Dare rinogona kunge rakarongedza kupfupika kwekunzwa, kuchigadza pamutemo kuti ave mutongi weimba uye kumupa bhuku rinowanzozivikanwa se "tsamba testamentaryary." Iyi nyanzvi inomupa kodzero yepamutemo yekuita panzvimbo yeimba.

Vose shamwari kana nhengo yemhuri vanogona kushanda kudare rekuzarura imba kana pasina chido, asi izvi hazvirevi kuti achagadzwa semurevereri, dzimwe nguva anonzi "mutungamiri" apo iyo inzvimbo iri mudumbu. Dare richasarudza mutongi maererano nemitemo yenyika. Kupona vakaroorana vanowanzotangira mumuganhu webasa racho, kutevedzwa nevana vakuru, vabereki, vanin'ina-kunyange vakafa vane chikwereti kune dzimwe nyika, kunyange zvazvo kazhinji vari pasi pezvenyu. Munhu ane chikwereti haazogadzwa kunze kwekunge pasina mumwe munhu aripo kana kuti achida kutora basa.

03 Inventory the Decedent's Documents and Assets

Mutambo wekutanga wehutungamiri kana mutungamiri mushure mekugadzwa kwekutsvaga ndekutsvaga nekutsvaga zvakashata zvezvinhu. Izvi zvinowanzobatanidza kudzokorora kwese mapepa ake ega uye zvinyorwa zvebhangi rebhangi. Panofanira kunge kune magwaro, mazano, kana mazano mukati mazvo maererano nekuvapo kwekutsvaga uye kubhadharisa maakaiti, zvigwaro zvebhandi uye zvisungo, inshuwarisi yehupenyu , zvinyorwa zvemakambani, motokari uye zvigaro zvezvikepe, nemabasa, kana pane. Zvimwe zvinhu zvichave zvakajeka, semusha waaigara mukati maro kana mufananidzo wakarembera pamadziro ake.

Muurayi anofanira kutora zvese izvi, pamwe chete nemari yakabhadhara mitero yemari yemakore matatu apfuura. Ndiyo basa rake kuchengeta zvinhu zvake zvakachengeteka uye zvakasimba zvichirindira probate. Achataurira mari yehurumende iyo muridzi wacho akafa kuitira kuti maakare atange kuoma uye iye chete anogona kuakwanisa. Mune mhaka yeRhumbrandt iyo yakanamatira pamadziro ake eimba yekugara, hazvisi zvisizvo kuti muurayi atore zvigadzirwa zvemuviri wezvinhu zvakadaro kuitira kuti varege "kufamba" kana kuti zvimwe zviuye kukuvadza, kunyanya kana vakakosha.

04 Ita maonero eA Decedent's Assets

Nhanho inotevera muimba yekugadzirisa nzvimbo ndeyekugadza zuva-rekufa kwehutano hwezvinhu zvakasikwa zvezvinhu.

Mazamu ezvinyorwa zvemari semazuva iwayo anofanira kunge asina kunyatsooneka kubva kune zvinyorwa uye zvinyorwa, asi zvinhu zvakadai sematoro uye zvigadzirwa zvemunhu, kusanganisira zvishongo, zvigadzirwa, zvigadziriswe, uye mabhizimisi akachengeteka, zvinofanira kunge zvichinyatsozivikanwa.

Kana zvinotarisirwa kuti decedent's estate ichakweretwa kune federal kana hurumende yemitero inoshandiswa mutero, zvinhu zvakasarudzwa zvisiri izvo zvekare zvinofanirawo kuverengwa. Izvi ndezvipi zvisingatsvaki chirwere nekuti zvinopinda kune mumwe munhu anobatsirwa nekuda kweimwe imwe shanduro kana nzira yemutemo, yakadai sedare rekusimwa nemumwe munhu anonzi aibhadhara kana kuti pfuma yaanenge ataura angave aiva neumwe munhu ane kodzero dzekubatana kupona.

Nzvimbo dzakawanda hadzisi pasi pemitero yematunhu ku federal level-chete avo vane tsika dzinodarika $ 11.2 mamiriyoni vanofanira kutarisana nemutero uyu kunze kwegore ra2018. Hurumende inotora mitero inoshandiswa inowanzoita zvishoma, zvisinei.

05 Chengetedza Mutengo Wakatora Mutero uye Imba Mitengo

Nhanho inotevera munharaunda yekugadziriswa kwemari ndeyekubhadhara mitero yemari yekuwana uye mitero yeimba inogona kunge yakakodzera. Izvi zvinosanganisira kugadzirira uye kuisa mutemo wekupedzisira wehurumende uye hurumende yemutero wemari inodzoka , kugadzirira uye kuisa chero zvinoda federal imari inoshandiswa mutero inoshandiswa , uye chero ipi zvayo inoda hurumende yemari yemutero inodzoka.

06 Chengetedza Bhizimisi Dzokupedzisira dzeDecedent uye Imari Yezvivako

Mutevedzeri kana mutungamiri anofanira kutevera kutarisira kubhadhara mabhiriro ekupedzisira ekupedzisira uye pamwe chete nekubhadhara mari yekuendesa dzimba. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mari yepamutemo, mari yekubhadhara mari, zvishandiso, mari yemishuwarisi, uye mari yekubhadhara mari.

Anofanirwa kuziva kuti ndezvipi zvikwereti zvakakosha zvakakosha panguva yekufa kwake uye anoona kana zvisiri izvo. Kana zvakadaro, achazobhadhara kubva kune mari yemari. Mitemo yehurumende inowanzodikanwa kuti atumire chiziviso pamusoro pekufa mupepanhau kuitira kuti vatengi vangave vasingazivi kuti vanogona kuita zvikwereti zvemari yavari kukwereta. Anokwanisa kutambira kubhadhara chikwereti kana asingatendi kuti yakakodzera, asi uyo ane chikwereti ane kodzero yekukumbira dare kuti aedze kutonga mutongi kuti achinje chisarudzo chemuiti.

07 Kugovera Bhalanisi kune Vapari Vepanzvimbo

Rimwe remibvunzo yekutanga yevabereki vanogara muimba inowanzobvunza mubatsiri kana mutungamiriri, "Ndichatora rini nhaka yangu?" Zvinosuruvarisa, kugoverwa kwedzimba yeimba kune avo vanobatsirwa ndiyo danho rekupedzisira mune inzvimbo yekugadzirisa nzvimbo.

Inowanzodikanwa kubvumirwa nematare. Muiti anopa mvumo yekutonga mhosva kumutongi wedare rekuongorora, kureva zvose zvinotengeswa zvemari zvaakaitirwa panzvimbo yeimba. Kufunga kuti zvinhu zvose zviripo uye vose vane chikwereti vane kodzero yokubhadhara vakabhadharwa, mutongi achabudisa mutemo achimubvumira kuti apfigire dzimba uye kutumira zvinhu zvakagadziriswa kune avo vanozviwanira pasi pezvaanoda.

Kana pasina chido, nzvimbo yakaderera ichapfuura kune avo vanonyanya kushamwaridzana mumhuri yavo yakatarwa inozivikanwa se "intestate succession." Mutemo chaiwo unobva pane mumwe mutemo wehurumende asi uyo anoramba ari mupenyu nguva dzose ndiye wekutanga mumutsara, pamwe chete nevana vane chiremera. Dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri dzinowanzogara nhaka kuburikidza nekunyatsotevera kana pasina mudzimai kana vana vanopukunyuka wakafa.

Dzimwe nguva Purogiramu Haisi Yezvinodiwa

Haasi mvumo yese inoda kuongorora. Nguva dzose zvinogoneka kuti chiremera chisina probate-zvinhu zvake zvose zvingadai zvakave zvakachengetwa mukutenda kana zvaiva nezvinhu zvose nemunhu akagara aripo kuitira kuti zvipfuure zvakananga kune munhu iyeye kana vanhu. Uye nyika dzakawanda dzine zvigadziriswa zvakakosha panzvimbo yezvivako zviduku, izvo zvisingadariki chimwe chinhu chinokosha. Aya masangano haawanzodi kuti apinde kuburikidza nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekuongorora.