Shandura Mitsara, Chinangwa Chavo uye Mienzaniso

Chinhu Chisinganyanyozivikanwa Chinochengetedza Mari Inofamba Munyika Yose

Shanduro yekushandura ndeye rimwe shoko rekugadziriswa kwemari yenguva pfupi pakati pemabhanki makuru . Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti vanobvumirana kuchengetedza mari yehurumende yenyika yavo inowanikwa kutengeserana kune imwe bhizimusi guru pakudhinha kwenhanho. Mabhangi anoshandisa iyo kweusiku humwe uye nguva pfupi yekukwereta chete. Yakawanda inopatsanidza mitsara inobatana , iyo inoreva kuti inongova pakati pemabhengi maviri enyika.

Swap Line Line Chinangwa

Chinangwa chekutsinhanisa mutsara ndechekuchengetedza kushandiswa kwemari mune mari inowanikwa kumabhanki makuru ekukweretesa mabhanga avo ega kuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwavo.

Izvo zvakakosha zvakakosha kuchengetedza misika yemari inoshanda zvakanaka munguva dzekutambudzika. Iyo inosimbisa mabhengi nevatengesi kuti yakachengeteka kutengesa mari iyoyo. Inoratidza zvakare kuti mabhizimusi makuru haazoregi kubhadhara kweyo mari yakaoma. Ndiyo imwe yemari yemitemo chekushandisa .

Sangano reHeral Reserve rinoshandisa mitsara iyi yekushandura pasi pechiremera chechikamu 14 che Federal Federal Act. Zvose swaputi dzinofanirwa kutevera zvibvumirano, mazano, uye nzira dzakagadzirirwa neGreen Open Market Committee .

Muenzaniso: Dollar Swap Line

Musi waDecember 12, 2007, Federal Reserve yakazarura mhirizhonga yemadhora neEuropean Central Bank uye Swiss National Bank.

Musi waSeptember 18, 2008, FOMC yakabvumira $ 180 mabhiriyoni kuwedzerwa kwemitsetse yaro yekutsinhanisa, ichidziendesa kumabhandi makuru eJapan, England, uye Canada. Mari yakashanda pamwe chete nedzimwe mabhizimusi makuru kumativi ose enyika kumisa pangozi yebhengi iyo inogadzirisa mari yemakethe mari.

Yakatevera kukanganisa kwaLehman Brothers uye isina $ 85 mabhiriyoni bhailout yeAIG .

Kubvira paSeptember 24 kusvika kuGumiguru 29, 2008, Fed yakawedzera kudhindwa kwayo kuAustralia, Norway, Denmark, New Zealand, Brazil, Mexico, Korea, neSingapore. Inoratidza kuti mari yebhengi, iyo yakatanga muNew York, yakanga yapararira munyika yose mumavhiki matanhatu chete.

Inoratidzawo matanho aFed aidiwa kutora kuti atsigire nzvimbo yeDhora reAmerica semari yenyika yose mari . Kana dhora racho raizomboputsika , raizoita panguva iyoyo.

Muenzaniso: Mari Inoshandiswa Mutsara

Muna Gumiguru 2013, ECB yakabvumirana nemakore matatu ekutsinhanisa mari neCentral Bank yeChina. IECB yakagamuchira zvishoma zvishoma kusvika mabhiriyoni 350 mu yuan , uye China ine nguva inosvika ku € 45 biliyoni. Shanduro yekugadzirisa inokonzera kuchenesa kana pane dambudziko, zvichiita kuti ive yakachengeteka kubhengi dzeEurozone kuita bhizinesi mu yuan panzvimbo yekuomerera pamadhora kana euro.

China yakagadzirawo mitsara yakasiyana-siyana neHungary, Albania, uye Iceland. Chinangwa cheChitamende chaKo Central ndechekusunungura yuan kubva pachigamba chayo kusvika kudhora munguva. Izvi zvakakosha kuti yuan ive imwe yenyika yakachengetwa mari yakawanda .

Iyo Inokubata Sei Iwe

Central bank swap line line inoita kuti nyika yose yezvemari inoshanda kuburikidza nekupa chikwereti icho chinoda mabasa ose zuva nezuva. Pasina chikwereti ichi, nzvimbo dzekutengesa hazvigoni kubhadhara vatori vemoto kuti vauye zvokudya. Gesi mapepa edzimba haazokwanisi kuraira matangi matsva kuti agadzire iyo inopera yakaoma. Vashandi vako vangakukumbira kuti ushande usingabhadharwi vhiki ino.

Iwe unogona kufunga kuti izvi hazvigone kuitika, asi zvakangoita musi waSeptember 17, 2008 .

Ndiko apo chikwereti chakatanga kuoma, uye mabhizimisi akatya. Vakatanga kutora mari yavo yoga yoga yemari yakachengetwa mumabhuku emahomwe emari . IFed yakagadzira zvigadzirwa zvakawanda kuti zvitsigire kushandiswa kwemari mumakambani emari mabhuku, kudzorera chivimbo panguva iyoyo. Munyori weHurumende yeUnited States Hank Paulson akashanda neFed kuenda kuCongress nekukumbira $ 700 bhiriyoni yebhailout kuti ave nechokwadi chekushambadzira kwemari. Muchiitiko ichi, shanduko dzakanga dzisingakwani kuti dzivimbise masoko.