Nzira Yokuparadza Nayo Misika Inotanga Kubudirira Nhau
Chii chakaitika?
Apo Dilma Rousseff akava mutevedzeri muna 2011, akawedzera kushandiswa kwevanhu. Akasimudza mari shoma uye akamanikidza mabhanga enyika kuti ape chikwereti. Panguva imwecheteyo, bhandi guru rakaderedza kuderedzwa kwezinga kubva 11.5 kubva kune 7.25 muzana. Izvi zvakakonzera kutengesa kwenyika, iyo Rousseff yakawedzera kuburikidza nekucheka mitero yekutengesa nekuderedza mitengo yezvokudya, petoro, uye bhazi dzebhazi.
Kudzora kuripo kunokonzera purogiramu yekambani yehurumende yehurumende, Petrobras, uye yakakwikwidzana nemaitiro eBrazil aimbobudirira ethanol production. Vatungamiri vebhizimisi vakaderedza kushandiswa kwemari mukutarisana nehurumende inopindira. Izvi zvakangowedzerwa zvinetso muhurumende yega yegwagwa nemigwagwa. Zvimwe zvinopindira mumagetsi nemabhangi emabhangi zvakare zvakanyanya kuwedzera mamiriro ehupfumi.
Tichivonga ichi chekuwedzera kwemari uye mutemo wemari , kutengesa kwenyika kwakasununguka mitsva yakangobva kusimudzwa.
Somugumisiro, vatengi vanochera mari yavo. Kuvhara kutengesa kwenyika, bhandi guru rakabudisa mutengo wekuda muna 2012, kubva pa7,5 kubva ku8 kusvika ku8 muzana. Iyi ndiyo imwechete yekumisa-kuenda kwenheyo yemari yakabatanidzwa pamwe nemishonga-kutengesa kwemari yakakonzera US stagflation muma1970.
Muna 2015, mutengo wamafuta wakawa sezvo dollar yakasimbiswa.
Oiri ndiyo yeBrazil inonyanya kutengesa. Somugumisiro, makambani eBrazil akacheka kugadzirwa nemabasa. Kukosha kwebhaibheri reBrazil, iyo chaiye, yakawa. Mari yakashata yakasimudza mitengo yezvokutengeserana uye kuwedzera kwekuwedzera.
MunaAugust 2016, Rousseff akanga asingatendi. Akatongerwa mhosva yekufambisa mari pakati pehupfumi hwehurumende.
Nzira yekuti Lula Yakasimbisa sei Economy yeBrazil
Aimbova Mutungamiri Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, anozivikanwa munyika yose seLula, akaita basa rinokosha pakusimbisa hupfumi hweBrazil. Ndiye mwanakomana wevasingagoni kuverenga vashandi. Akava mutungamiri wekubatana uyo akasimuka kune vaDictator veBrazil. Lula akabatsira kuvaka bato rekumashure rakabatana neBrazil kwemakore anopfuura 13.
Apo akasarudzwa muna 2002, Mutungamiri Lula akaita kukura kwehupfumi mberi kwake. Akakurudzira hupfumi kuburikidza nekuwedzera kushandiswa kwehurumende , kupa hurumende mabasa kumapakati-mapoka, nekuvandudza mararamiro emhando yeBrazil. Muna 2006, akakundazve musarudzo pamusoro pevaimbova Sao Paulo Gavhuna Geraldo Alckmin mukukunda, 61 muzana kusvika 39 muzana.
Munyika isina kujairika zvikuru kune imwe nyika yeLatin America, Brazil yakabhadhara chikwereti chayo kune International Monetary Fund gore rapfuura. Kubhadhara kwekupedzisira kweBrazil ye $ 15,46 mabhiriyoni yakaitwa muna December 2005.
Mari iyi yakabva kuBrazil mari yekuchengetedza mari ye $ 66.7 mabhiriyoni.
Lula akasimbisa nhepfenyuro yezvemari yakaibatsira kurwisana nematambudziko emari muna 2008 . Muna 2007, hupfumi hweBrazil hwakanga hwava 5,4 kubva muzana. Kuwedzera kwepamuviri kwakaderera kusvika ku3,6 muzana uye iyo yakawanda yenyaya yakawanda yakawedzera kusvika $ 3.6 triliyoni. Somugumisiro, vaBrazil vakanga vane mari yakawanda yekushandisa mari yavo. Nokuda kwezvikonzero izvi, vashandi vakawanda vakabvuma kuti Brazil ndiyo yakasimba pane yechina BRIC inotengesa mari yekutengesa . BRIC inotsanangurwa neBrazil, Russia, India , uye China .
Pamusoro pezvo, nzvimbo yemunzvimbo yekutengesa imba yakapetwa kaviri kubva pakati pa2003 na2008. Izvi zvakabatsirwa nekugadzirwa kwemahombekiti emunharaunda. Nenzira yakanaka, izvi hazvina kutambura kubva kune imwechete yakafanana neyeUnited States. Ndizvo nokuti mabhanga eBrazil akaramba achibata zvikwereti uye haana kuvatengesa kumusika wechipiri.
Munguva iyoyo, chido chekudarika chakawira kubva pa16 kubva muzana, chikwereti chakawedzerwa kusvika makore makumi matatu, uye mishairi yakasimudzwa. Kunyange zvazvo vana makumi manomwe kubva muzana veBrazilian vaiva nemisha yavo, vazhinji vaive nechepasi, vachipa varidzi vembairo zvose kuenzana uye chido chekuenda kunzvimbo dzakanaka.
Lula akatsoropodzwa nevakawanda. Vanoti vazhinji vezvikwereti zveBrazil zvezvemari vakaenda kumatunhu akakwirira. Kutora kwaLula kwakawedzera humwe hupfumi hwekukanganisa kwakakosha. Sangano revanhu rinofanira kurongedzwa kuti ribvire chikwereti chevanhu kuti chiwedzere kuderedzwa pasina kurasikirwa nemabasa. Dzidzo inofanirwa kuva zvose zvekutanga uye zvakaparadzirwa zvakafanana.
Muna 2018, Lula akatongerwa makore gumi nemakore ari mujeri pamhosva yehuori. Muna July 2017, akawanikwa aine mhaka yekugamuchira gungwa regungwa mukudzoka kwezvibvumirano zvakapiwa kambani yekuvaka, OAS Yaiva chikamu chekuongorora kwakawanda kuLava Jato uyo akatongerwa vanhu 120.
Zvakaitika kuBrazil kuUnited States Economy
Brazil ndiyo yezvematongerwe enyika muLatin America. Yakatungamirira mukusikwa kweMercosur, Banco del Sur , neboka reboka re20 kana G-20 rinomiririra mafambiro enyika. Yaiva nyika inotungamirira yeFree Trade Area yeAmerica. Asi rakapesana nesungano apo Lula akava Mutungamiri.
Somugumisiro webasa rawo hweutungamiri, Brazil inosangana nguva dzose mukushanda pamwe neUnited States pane zvekutengeserana nezvimwe nyaya. Rinoenderera mberi kukanganisa rose reSouth America kuti rive rakanyanya kupfurikidza neUnited States, zvisingapesani nemaonero anorwa neUnited States eVenezuela neBolivia. Zvose izvi zvinotaurwa pane mawebsite eImF, Voice of America, uye State Department.
Brazil Quick Facts
- Yakarongedzwa nePortugal kwemakore mazana matatu, Brazil yakava nyika yakazvimiririra. Ihurumende yeuto yakatonga nyika kubva muna 1822 kusvika muna 1985. Muna 1985, yakava yekutonga.
- Iko zvishoma zvishomanana muhukuru kupfuura United States, ndiyo nyika huru muSouth America. Inoparadzanisa nyika dzose muAfrica kunze kweChile neEcuador.
- Iine vanhu vane mamiriyoni 207, 63 muzana yeUnited States.
- Chibereko chayo chakakodzwa pamudzi wega wega chakakwira kubva $ 16,200 muna 2015. Yaiva $ 15 500 muna 2017.