Zvingani Chaina Chaizvoizvo Chinoshusha US Economy
China ine vanhu 1.38 mabhiriyoni, kupfuura imwe nyika ipi zvayo munyika. China ichiri nyika ine urombo maererano nehupenyu hwayo. Uhupfumi hwayo hunobhadhara madhora 16 600 pamunhu mumwe chete, zvichienzaniswa neGDP yeUnited States pamutengo we $ 59,500.
Mamiriro ezasi ekurarama anobvumira makambani muChina kubhadhara vashandi vavo pasi pevashandi veAmerica. Izvo zvinoita kuti michero inodhura, iyo inofadza vatengesi vekumavirira kune dzimwe nyika kubudisa mabasa kune China. Vanotumira zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa kuenda kuUnited States, mukana wekutengeserana mukuru weChina.
Zvikamu zveChina yeEconomy
China yakavaka kukura kwayo kwezvemari pamari shoma yekutengeswa kwemichina nemichina. Mari yakawanda yehurumende inoshandiswa yakaenda kumakambani ane hurumende kuti inopisa ivo kunze kwenyika. Aya makambani ane hurumende haana mari shoma kupfuura mafirisi ega ega. Vanodzoka chete ne4,9 muzana pahupfumi kana vachienzaniswa ne13.2 muzana kumakambani ega.
Aya makambani anotonga maindasitiri avo. Dzinosanganisira makuru makuru emakambani emagetsi: PetroChina, Sinopec uye China National Offshore Oil Corporation.
China yakavaka maguta akapoteredza mafaira aya kutema vashandi. Somugumisiro, chechina chechina chekutsvaga kwekuChina chiri muimba yekugara.
Hurumende yakabhadharawo mari yekuvakwa kwezvitima uye zvimwe zvivakoti zvekusimbisa kukura. Somugumisiro, yakatengesa zviyero zvizhinji zvezvinhu, zvakadai sealuminium nemhangura.
Pakazosvika gore ra2013, chikamu chegumi chekuwedzera kwegore negore chaityisidzirwa kuva chibvu. Ndiyo apo China yakatarisa kuchinja kwehupfumi .
China exports
China yakawanazve nzvimbo yayo semutengo mukuru munyika yose muna 2017, apo yakatengesa $ 2.2 trillion yemagetsi ayo.
IU EU yakatora zvishoma nhamba yeNombolo 1 muna 2016. Ikozvino yava yechipiri, inotumira $ 1.9 trillion. IUnited States yechitatu, inotumira $ 1.6 triliyoni.
China yakatumira 18 kubva muzana yezvaitengeserana kuUnited States muna 2017. Izvo zvakakonzera kukwana kwe $ 375 mabhiriyoni . Kushanda kweChina neHong Kong kwaive kwakanyanya (14 muzana). Basa rayo neJapane (6 muzana) uye South Korea (4.5 muzana) yakawanda.
China yakakurudzira zvekutengeserana nemarudzi eAfrica, kuisa mari muhutano hwavo mukudzoka kwemafuta. Yakawedzera zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana neSouth Asia Asia uye nyika dzakawanda dzeLatin America. Ndokusaka mutungamiri Obama atanga mutambo weTrans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement. Iyo haina kusanganisira China. Chimwe chezvinangwa zvaro ndechekuenzanisa simba rekuChina rinokura munharaunda. MunaJanuary 2017, Mutungamiri Trump akabva paTPP. Asi dzimwe nyika dzakapfuurira neiri pachavo.
China ine zvakawanda zvokugadzira mabhizinesi kunze kwenyika, kusanganisira makambani eSouth America. Vanotumira zvinhu zvitsva kuChina. Vashandi venyika vanovaka zvigadzirwa zvekupedzisira uye vanovatumira kudzokera kuUnited States. Nenzira iyi, zvakawanda zveChina zvinonzi "kutengeserana" ndizvo zvigadzirwa zveAmerica.
China inonyanya kutengesa midziyo yemagetsi nemamwe marudzi emichina.
Izvi zvinosanganisira makombiyuta uye mafaira ekugadzirisa mafaira pamwe chete nemichina yekurapa uye yezvokurapa. Inotengesawo nguo, machira, uye micheka. Ndiyo mutevedzeri mukuru wenyika.
China Import
China ndiye mutengesi wechipiri mukuru wepasi. Muna 2017, yakatengesa $ 1.7 triliyoni. IUnited States, iyo yakakura zvikuru yenyika, inotengeswa $ 2.3 triliyoni. China inopinza zvinhu zvakasvibirira kubva kuLatin America neAfrica. Izvi zvinosanganisira mafuta uye mamwe mafuta, masimbi esimbi, plastiki, uye makemikari ehu. Ndiyo mutengesi mukuru wepasi rose wealuminium uye mhangura.
China yekutengeswa kwezvinhu zvakakonzera kuwanda kwepasi pose mumigodhi nekurima. Zvinosuruvarisa, vatengesi vanopfuura-vakagadzirwa, vachigadzira zvakawanda zvekugovera. Somugumisiro, matengo akaparadzana muna 2015. Sezvo kuwedzera kweChina kunonoka, mitengo yezvinhu zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira, zvakadai sesimbi, inodonha.
China Shared of World Commodity Consumer in 2014/2015
Commodity | Sangano reNyika Kushandiswa |
|---|---|
Aluminium | 54% |
Nickel | 50% |
Copper | 48% |
Zinc, Tin | 46% yega roga |
Sirasi | 45% |
Tungamira | 40% |
Cotton | 31% |
Rice | 30% |
Ndarama | 23% |
Chibage | 22% |
Gorosi | 17% |
Mafuta | 12% |
Iko China inobata sei mari yeUnited States
China ndiyo yakakura kune imwe nyika muSouth Treasurys . MunaJanuary 2018, China yakanga ine $ 1.2 triliyoni muHuidurys. Ndiyo 19 muzana yekwereti yevanhu inotorwa kune dzimwe nyika. Chikwereti cheUnited States chakaderera kupfuura yakanyorwa-yakakura ye $ 1.3 trillion yakaitwa munaNovember 2013.
China inotenga chikwereti cheUnited States kutsigira kukosha kwedhora . Izvi ndezvekuti China inotakura mari yayo ( yuan ) kuDhora reAmerica . Iyo inokonzera mari iyo inofanirwa kuchengeta mitengo yayo yekutengeserana inokwikwidzana.
Basa reChina seAmerica guru rebhangi rinopa ruzivo . Semuenzaniso, China inotyisidzira kutengesa chikamu chekubata kwayo nguva ipi neipi United States ichimanikidzira iyo kuti iwedzere kukosha kweuyu. Kubva muna 2005, China yakasimudza kukosha kwehuan ne 33 muzana pakatarisana nedhora . Pakati pegore ra2014 ne2016, simba remurairi rakawedzera ne25 muzana. Kuwedzera kwakamanikidza China kuti iite yuan. Izvi zvakavimbisa kuti mabhizimusi ayo aizoramba achikwikwidzana neavo vanobva kunyika dzeAsia vakanga vasati vasunga mari yavo kudhora.
IUnited States Nguva Dzose Yakapomera China yeZvibvumirano Zvisiri Zvekutengeserana
Mumushandirapamwe we 2016, mutungamiri weRepublican Donald Trump akatonga China yekusaruramisira kwekutengeserana. Akatyisidzira kurova 30% mubhadharo pazvinhu zvose zveChina zvinotengeswa. Kuita kwekutengeserana kwechina kweChina kwaivawo hurukuro inotyisa munguva yepikisano yepurezidhendi ya2012 . Munguva yepikisano iyoyo, Mutungamiri Obama akarondedzera kuti Dhipatimendi reMabhizimisi eUnited States rakabudirira sei kuunza nharo dzakawanda kuWorld Trade Organisation pamusoro pekusaruramisira maitiro anosanganisira matairi, simbi nezvimwe zvinhu. IWTO ine imwe nzira yekugadzirisa kusawirirana kwebhizimisi .
Izvi zvinopomerwa hazvisi zvitsva. Muna 2007, Dhipatimendi reMabhizimisi rakavhiringidza kushandisa mvumo yemitengo kuChina zvigadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, yakapomera China yekudhaura mapepa ayo kunze kweUnited States. Dhipatimendi reZvesitengesi rakataura kuti China yakaruramisira yakapa rubatsiro rwe10-20 kubva kune avo vanogadzira pepa rakajeka rinoshandiswa mumabhuku nemagazini. Shamba rekutengeserana rakanga rawedzera 177 muzana mugore rimwechete. Sangano reUnited Page reUnited States rakabudisa nyaya yekurambidza kuDhipatimendi reMabhizimisi. Zvakati hazvikwanisi kupikisana nemari inobhadharwa.
Aimbova US Treasury Munyori Henry Paulson akashandira muna 2006 kuti adzire kupera kwebhizimisi neChina. Akatanga "Strategic Economic Dialogue" kuti avhure misika yeChina, kunyanya ibhizimusi rayo. Akanga ane zvishoma zvakabudirira. Akaita kuti vatungamiri vechiChinese vawedzere kukosha kwehuanho kana vachienzaniswa nedhora re20 kubva muzana kubva muna 2005 kusvika muna 2008. Vakagumisawo chikamu che17 rebate repate kune vatengesi. Vakanyanya kuchengetedzwa kwezvigadziro kumabhandi makuru pakati pe12%. Vakatorawo $ 3 biliyoni muU.S. Blackstone Group.
Chikonzero Nei China Ichidhura Nokuderedza Kukura Kwayo
Muna 2017, hupfumi hweChina hwekuwedzera hwakaderera kusvika ku6,8 muzana. Musati gore ra2013, China yakave nemakore makumi matatu ekuwedzera-digit. Asi kushandiswa kwehurumende kwaiva simba rinotyisa raikuridzira. Hurumende yakarayirawo mabhangi ayo kupa huwandu hwekutora mutengo mukudzoka kwekuchengetedzwa kwemakambani emagetsi. Yakagadzira bhizinesi rekutsvaga muzvinhu zvekushandisa. Izvo zvakaitawo kuti kuve nemafashamo, nzvimbo yekutengesa pfuma, kukura mune chikwereti chevanhu , uye kusvibiswa kwakaipisisa.
Kuiswa kwehurumende pakusikwa kwemabasa kwakasiya mari shoma yehutano hwevanhu. Somugumisiro, vanhu vechiChinese vakamanikidzwa kuchengetedza kubhadhara. Havana kupedza, vachichera chido chemhuri. Pasina kushandiswa kwemari yekushandisa, China yakamanikidzwa kutendesa kune dzimwe nyika kutengesera kukura.
Zvizhinji zvekuwedzera zvakaitika mumaguta ari kumhenderekedzo yeChina kumabvazuva. Aya maguta emaguta akwezva vamiriyoni 250 vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika kubva kumaruwa. Vatungamiri vechiChinese vanofanira kuramba vachigadzira mabasa kune avo vose vashandi kana kutarisana nemhirizhonga. Vanoyeuka Mao's Revolution zvachose. Hurumende inofanira kupa hurumende dzakawanda, kubvumira vashandi kuchengetedza zvishoma nekushandisa zvakawanda. Kunongowedzera kudiwa kweimba kunobatsira China kuti irege kuvimba nekutengeserana.
Mukuwedzera, vatungamiri vanofanira kukanganisa kuora kwenharaunda. Vanofanira kuwana nzira dzekuvandudza kushandiswa kwezvakatipoteredza zvekushanda. Vatungamiriri vakatanga purogiramu yekuda simba yenyukireya uye dzimwe nzira yekudzivirira kuvimba nemavara emarara uye mairi mairi. China yakasainira Paris Climate Accord. Zvose izvi zviyero zvikamu zvekugadzirisa kwehupfumi kweChina .
China Inodzivisa Kubata Kudzoka
Munguva yematambudziko emari muna 2008 , China yakavimbisa 4 trillion yuan, inenge madhora 580 mabhiriyoni, kuti iwedzere hupfumi hwayo kuti irege kudzikira . Mari yacho inomiririra 20 kubva muzana yeChina yegore rezvemari. Yakaenda kune dzimba dzakadzika-dzimba, zvivako zviduku mumaruwa, nekugadzirwa kwemigwagwa, njanji, uye ndege.
China yakawedzerawo mitengo yakabhadhara mitambo, kuchengetedza mabhizimisi 120 mabhiriyoni yuan. China yakasimudzira ruzivo rwemari uye zviyo zvezviyo zvevarimi, uyewo zvipo zvevanhu vanogara mumaguta vasina mari. Bhandi rayo guru rakaderedzawo kudiwa kwezvikamu zvitatu mumwedzi miviri.
Yakabvisa chikwereti chekwereti kumabhangi kuwedzera mabhizimisi maduku . Asi ikozvino makambani eChina ari kutambura kubhadhara chikwereti ichocho. Chikwereti chakavanzika chega pega / chevanhu chikamu chikamu zviviri nehafu zvakakura kudarika GDP.
Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Sangano reShangan Cooperation Organization iri pakati peAsia masangano anotsigira kuparadzira uye kushambadzira zvinodhaka asi achitsigira zvibvumirano zvebhizimisi . Nhengo dzayo dzinoshandisa njere uye dzinobatanidza mauto ehondo kuti dzipikise zvose zvehugandanga uye cyber-terrorism. Ndiyo shanduro yeChina yeNATO, North North Atlantic Treaty Organization .
Nhengo dzayo dziri China, Russia , uye nyika dziri pamiganhu yavo. Aya ndiwo Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, uye Uzbekistan. Muna June 2016, India nePakistan zvakagamuchirwa senhengo. Iboka rinomiririra inenge hafu yevanhu vepasi rose. Ikozvino ine zvino nhengo ina (Russia, China, India, uye Pakistan) dzine zvombo zvenyukireya.
Nokuda kwechikonzero ichocho, nyika dzakawanda dziri pedyo dzinobatanidzwawo. Vanogona kuva vatarisi, kukurukurirana, kana kuti vashanyi vanovapo. Mucherechedzi ari mukutora nhengo dzakakwana. Dzinosanganisira Afghanistan, Belarus, Iran neMongolia. Vatanhatu Dialogue Partners vanogovera zvinangwa asi havadi kuva nhengo. NdiArmenia, Azerbaijan, Cambodia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, uye Turkey. Vaparidzi Vopinda vanobatana mumisangano. Nhengo dzavo dzinosanganisira ASEAN , CIS, uye Turkmenistan.