Inyanzvi yeUndia, Matambudziko Ayo, Mikana uye Mhinduro

Bollywood is More Popular kupfuura Hollywood

India ndiyo nyika yechina-yepamusoro yeupfumi . Yakabhadhara $ 9,4 triloni muzvinhu uye mabasa muna 2017. Asi ine nzira yakareba yekuenda kurova zvitatu zvepamusoro: China ($ 23.1 trillion), European Union ($ 19.9 trillion) uye United States ($ 17.4 trillion).

India yakave nekukura nokukurumidza pasinei neHreat Recession . Yakakura 6.7 muzana muna 2017, 7.1 muzana muna 2016, uye 8,0 muzana muna 2015. Kubvira muna 2008 kusvika muna 2014, yakakura pakati pe5 kusvika ku11 muzana.

Izvozvo zvinoshamisa kukura kwehuwandu zvakaderedza urombo ne 10 muzana mumakore gumi apfuura.

Musi waJune 26, 2017, Mutungamiri Trump akasangana neIndia mutungamiriri wenyika Narendra Modi. Vakakurukura kuwedzera kuwanda kwenhamba dzeH1B dzeIndia dzinopinda munyika uye nhamba yeAmerica maoko. Vatungamiri veAmabhizimisi veAmerica vanoda India kuti idzikise mitemo yekudzivirira iyo inopa makambani emhuri kusaruramisira. Izvi zvingabatsira makambani eUnited States mukukwikwidza mune mishonga, varaidzo uye magetsi emagetsi. Sangano reTrump rinoda kuwedzera zvivako zvaro zvekugara muIndia.

Musi waMay 16, 2014, India yakasarudzwa Modi semutungamiriri wehurumende. Nokuita kudaro, yakaramba makore makumi matanhatu ekutungamirirwa nekambani yakatangwa naMahatma Gandhi. Mr. Modi, bhizinesi rakabudirira, akavimbiswa kuderedza hurumende uye mutemo, mapurojekiti emagetsi ekugadzirwa kwemagetsi uye nyore nyore mutero wemitero.

Modi inofanira kujekesa hurumende yehurumende iyo yakave yakasimudza mari yekutengeswa kune dzimwe nyika .

Semuenzaniso, akataura nezvekuguma kwe "uteresi hwemitero." Akavimbisa kunyatsofungisa hurumende yeIndia yakaoma uye hutsigira kuiswa kweMari uye Imwe Mitero. Izvi zvingaunza huwandu hwekufananidzira kwebhizimisi rebhizimisi.

Muna 2014, Modi yakavimbiswa kuwedzera hutengesheni neUnited States.

Modi akati aizotarisa dhidhiyo kumakambani eUnited States kuburikidza nekuderedza mitemo inobvumira kuIndia kugadzira uye chidziro chepfungwa. Izvi zvingabatsira makambani ekuUnited States eUmishonga , Hollywood uye mutengi wemagetsi.

Ndechipi Chine Chepfumi NdiIndia?

India ine hupfumi hwakavhengana . Hafu yevashandi veIndia vanovimba nehurimi, chiratidzo chetsika yezvemari . Chimwe chetatu chevashandi varo vanoshandiswa nemabhizimisi ehurumende, izvo zvinopa zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zveIndia zvakabuda. Kubudirira kwechikamu ichi kunoita kuti zvigoneke nekuchinja kweIndia kune hupfumi hwemisika . Kubvira kuma1990, India yakarambidza mitambo yakawanda, yakabhadhara zvikwereti zvakawanda zvehurumende uye yakazarura mikova kune dzimwe nyika inotengeswa.

India's Strengths

India ndiyo nyika inoyevedza yekutengesa uye inotengeswa inotengeswa. Izvi ndezvekuti hupfumi hwayo hune hutano hunofananidzwa huno:

1. Mari yehupenyu yakaderera kupfuura muUnited States. Iko GDP per capita hafu yeimwe nyika dzine urombo seIraq kana kuti Ukraine. Izvi zvinobatsira nokuti vashandi veIndia havadi mari yakawanda muhomwe, sezvo zvinhu zvose zvinodhura zvishomanana.
2. India ine vazhinji vadzidzisi vekombiyuta vakadzidza chaizvo.
3. Chirungu ndeimwe yemitauro yeIndia. VaIndia vazhinji vanozvitaura. Izvi, zvinosanganiswa nepamusoro-soro yezvidzidzo, inokwezva teknolojia yeUnited States uye nhare dzekufonera kuIndia. Semuenzaniso, mumwe muIndia anonzi centre centre anongotora $ 12 paawa. Iyo inenge hafu yemuAmerica mumwe we $ 20 neawa. Somugumisiro, mabasa anopfuura 250,000 call centre akabuda kunze kweIndia nePhilippine pakati pe1200 na2003. (Chinhu: Technology Manufacturing Corp.)

1. Vanhu 1,3 biriyoni veIndia vanobva kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvemari uye tsika. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuva simba kana dambudziko. Nzvimbo yezvematongerwe enyika inonyanya kugadziriswa ne geography. Zvikamu zvitatu zveIndia zvikamu zvikuru zvakasiyana-siyana zvikamu zviviri zvakasiyana uye dzidzo dzakasiyana. Gore negore, vanhu vane mamiriyoni 11 vanobva kumaruwa kunogara mumaguta. Vazhinji vavo vaduku uye vakadzidza. Vanotsvaka hupenyu hwepamusoro hwehupenyu. (Inobva: "Nyaya Inokosha: India," Economist, Chivabvu 23, 2015.)
2. Iko inobatsira yeIndia film industry inonzi "Bollywood." Inzvimbo yeBombay (yava kunzi Mumbai) uye Hollywood. Bollywood inowedzera huwandu hwemafirimu Hollywood inoita. Mutori wenhau anozivikanwa zvikuru munyika ndeye India Ruh Khan Khan. Bollywood yakapa $ 3 biliyoni kusvika kuGDP yeIndia muna 2011 uye inotarisirwa kusvika $ 4.5 biliyoni gore ra2016. Bollywood inobhadhara mari shoma kupfuura yaHollywood ($ 51 bhiriyoni) bedzi nokuti iyo yetikiti yemitengo yakaderera. Panyaya yepamusoro, Bollywood mafirimu inodhura zvishomanana kuita: $ 1.5 mamiriyoni pamusana pe $ 47.7 mamiriyoni muHollywood.

Aya maitiro akaenzanisa anoreva mikana yakawanda yebhizimisi reAmerica. Kutengeserana kwenyika kune dzimwe nyika mumakambani eIndia kune inogona kuva yakabudirira zvikuru. Vanhu veIndia pakati peboka vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 250. Iko kukura kudarika boka rekati reUnited States. Icharamba ichiendesa kutengesa kuIndia kushandiswa kwevatengi uye kuwedzera kwehupfumi.

Mukuwedzera kune FDI, India yakaona zvipo zvinopfuura zana zvepakutanga zvepachena mumwedzi 18 yekupedzisira. Kunyatsoenzanisa mari yakawanda yakawedzera muna 2012 uye 2013, chiitiko chinotarisirwa kupfuurira. Simba, Utano Hwenyika, Industrial and Materials zvakange zviri zvikamu zvina zvakakwirira. Kunyange zvazvo kuwedzerwa kweM & A maitiro akatsika mugore rapera, mikana yakabuda yakawedzera zvikuru mumakambani anotamira kuMiddle East, Asia, Africa neSouth America. Aya maitiro anotungamirirwa nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehutano hunokonzerwa nekuderera kwematambudziko.

Muna March 2016, VaMongi vakatsaurirwa $ 1.5 mabhiriyoni mune mari yekubhadhara uye kubhadhara mitero kunowedzera huwandu hwetsika-tech startups. Purogiramu ichaita kuti kushandiswa kwechirongwa uye mazvikwereti zviwedzere. Iko inofanira kuwedzera nyaya itsva yeIndia kusvika ku 11 500 mumakore mashanu anotevera. (Inobva: "India inobata huru paKambotanga Makambani," Global Finance, March 2016.)

Zvinetso zveIndia

Prime Minister Modi ndiye mutungamiri wechiHindu wenyika. Vakawanda vanomupomerwa mhosva yechisimba chakaitwa nevaMuslim paakanga ari mubati wenyika yeIndia yekumadokero kweGujarat.

Chimiro chinopikisana nehurumende yehurumende yakarongedzwa neIndia. Izvozvo zvinoita kuti kuurayiwa kwemitemo yemari kana mari mari iome. MunaAugust 2015, akadziviswa kubva pakupedza bhiri kuti awane nyika yekusimudzira zvivakoti. Akange asina kukwanisa kubhadhara mushumo wekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvekufananidza nemitero yebasa. (Chinobva: "Mwenje, Kamera, Kusagadzikana!" Economist, August 29, 2015.)

Sangano reAmerica rezvemari rakarwadzisa hupfumi hweIndia. Apo Federal Reserve yakatanga purogiramu yekuchera kwehuwandu hwezvakawanda , huwandu hwemari yepamusoro yakasimbisa kukosha kwedhora. Izvi zvakakonzera kukosha kwerupe rweIndia kuwira. Izvo zvinokonzera 9,6 kubva muzana zvakashata zvakamanikidza bhanga guru reIndia kuti riwedzere mari yaro inofarira. Izvi zvakaderedza huwandu hwehupfumi hweIndia, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwakanyanya muna 2013. Muchikamu chechipiri, chaiva ne 9,6 muzana yekupera uye 0 muzana GDP kukura. Kuwedzera kwepabonde kwakakonzerwa nekuparara kwerupe. Kukura kwechiedza kwakabva kunopesana kwemari yemitemo yekuita kuti kuwedzera kwezvinhu zvishoma. Pakazosvika gore ra2014, kutengesa kwenyika kwakaderera kusvika 6 muzana.

Nhoroondo yakabatana yeIndia ikozvino uye kupera kwebhajheji ndeye 12 muzana yeGDP. Izvozvo zvinowedzera kuwedzera pfuma yavo nehurumende,

Vashandi vanochengetwa kubva kuIndia nemamwe mazai anotengesa apo US Federal Reserve yakatanga kutora purogiramu yakawanda yekunyorera purogiramu. Apo dhora rakasimuka 15 kubva muzana mugore ra2014, rakamanikidza kukosha kwerupee nedzimwezve mafashamo emari yemabhiza pasi.

Raghuram Rajan akanga ari Gavhuna we Reserve Reserve yeIndia, bhenji guru renyika. Akasimudza chikwereti chekuda kuchengetedza mari yakasimba uye inopera kuwedzera kwekuwedzera.

Modi ya 10 Gwara Rekuita

Mutungamiri weIndia, Pranab Mukherjee, akarondedzera matanho gumi neHurumende inoronga kutora:

1. Zvokudya zvekutengesa: Kuwedzera kugoverwa kwezvokudya kuderedza mari. Gadzirira kubatsira varimi munguva inogona kunge yakasviba mhepo yegore.
2. Economy: Usher hupfumi mukukura kwakakwirira nzira. Rein in inflation. Ita basa rekutsvaga kwekutsvaga. Kudzorera kuvimba kweveimba yepamusha uye yepasi rose.
3. Mabasa: Simba rinosimudzira kushandiswa kwekushanda-kwakasimba. Kukurudzira kushanya nekurima.
4. Mitero: Mitemo yemitero yakadzoka, yakatangwa muna 2012-13, yakatsanangurwa sechimwe chinhu chikuru chinopesana nekutengesa kune dzimwe nyika muIndia. The Modi Modi Government inotanga kugadzirisa uye kujekesa hurumende yekutere kuti iite isinganzwisisiki uye inobatsira kutyara, kubhizimisi nekukura. Hurumende ichaita zvose zvingaita kuti ipe Mutengo uye Imitero Yebasa apo inotaura nezvezvinetso zvehurumende.
5. Kuchinja-shanduka : Kuchinja mitemo yekukurudzira masimba, kunyanya mumiganhu inoita mabasa.
6. Zvekurima: Kuwedzera kwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga mune agriinfrastructure. Kutaura nyaya dzine chokuita nekutengesa uye kutenga zvinhu zvekurima zvekurima, inishuwarenzi yezvirimwa uye kushandiswa kwekukohwa kwekukohwa. Inokurudzira kugadzirwa kwezvokudya zvekugadzirwa kwezvokudya.
7. Kuvandudza kushandiswa: Kugadzira nyika-yekutsvaga kwekutsvaga uye nzvimbo dzekushanda, kunyanya pamwe neDedicated Freight Corridors uye Industrial Corridors. Gadzira imwe-yewindo yezvigadziriswa pane zvose zviri mukati uye iyo inotaura kuburikidza nemuenzaniso-wakataura muenzaniso.
8. Zvivako zvemugadziro: Urongwa hutsva hwemakore gumi huchagadzirisa matanho emigwagwa, kusanganisira Diamond Quadrilateral high-speed train project. Dzorerai National Highways program. Vakai dzimwe nzvimbo dzisina mari dzinotengeswa mumataundi maduku. Ita mumhenderekedzo yemvura uye kumhenderekedzo yegungwa semigwagwa mikuru yekufambisa.
9. Simba rekuchengetedza: Augment magetsi ekugadzira simba kuburikidza nezvose zvinowanzoitika uye zvisingaiti. Kuchinja kwehuwandu hwemalahle kuti hukwekwe kutywa kwega.
10. Kuguta kwemaguta: kuvaka mazana 100 maguta akatarisa kune dzimwe nzvimbo uye akashongedzerwa nezvinhu zvepasi rose. Nenguva iyo nyika inosvika makore makumi maviri nemakumi mana ekupemberera kwayo, mhuri imwe neimwe ichava neimba yakanaka (inozivikanwa seimba yepucca ) nemvura inoyerera, ipombi, 24/7 magetsi. (Kubva: Kubvunzurudzwa naRamesh Kumar Nanjundaiya, CEO yeTriniti Solutions.)

KuIndia Kunze Kwenyika

IUnited States ndeimwe yevanonyanya kuwirirana nehondo yeIndia, uye China ndeimwe yevanoshamwaridzana zvikuru vehupfumi. Muna 2006, United States yakabvuma kusaremekedza Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty kuburikidza nekubvumira kubatana kwezvinhu zvenyukireya neIndia. Izvi zvinopesana nokuputsa kweIndia kwechibvumirano kuburikidza nekuputsa zvombo zvenyukireya uye kwete kuisa purogiramu yacho pasi pezvirongwa zveIAEA.

India inoda kurapwa seyo hurumende masimba enyukireya mashanu: US, Russia, Britain, France uye China. IUnited States inoda kuti India inopinza maitiro ayo ekugadzirwa kwefissile (kwazvo-yakawedzerwa uranium uye plutonium), asi India yakaramba. India inoronga kuwedzerwa hondo dzayo kubva pa50 kusvika 300 kusvika muna 2010.

Izvi zvinokanganisa mitemo yeIndia inoratidzira zvakaipa kune vashandi veUnited States vakabvumirana kuti varege kuvaka chigricuriki: South Korea, Taiwan, Brazil, Argentina, South Africa, Ukraine, Kazakhstan neJapan. Chibvumirano chacho chikamu chekuwedzera kwese muhukama hwebhizimisi pakati pekambani dzeAmerica neIndia. IUnited States neIndia inofanira kuisa kukoshesa kubatana kwemauto, kusanganisira kubatanidzwa kwekudzivirirwa kwekudzivirira uye kushandiswa kwepamberi.

China neIndia ndiyo mbiri dzekukura nekukurumidza zvakanyanya kupfuura zvenyika. Nemhaka yehukama hwavo hwakasimba hwehupfumi, nyika dzinowanzonzi Chindia. China neIndia dzine mari yakawedzera. India ine zvinhu zvitsva; China yakagadzira . India ine unyanzvi hwakakwirira; China ine mabhizimusi nevatengi kuti vashandise.

Vanewo nguva yakareba-mhirizhonga yekutengeserana inokonzerwa nemiganhu yavo yakafanana neChina kufanana nemuvengi weIndia, Pakistan. Kune vashoma nzira dzomumigwagwa uye dzakawanda dzinonoka kuitika. Nharo idzi hadzizogadziriswa nesungano imwe yebasa yekutengeserana. Nenzira yakanaka, vose vari vaviri vanoziva kubatsirwa kwebasa. Chibvumirano chebvumirano ishanho yakanaka yekutanga kune "Chindia" yeimwe rudzi.

Nechetatu chevanhu venyika, Chindia inogona kunge iri simba guru rezvemari muhupfumi hwepasi rese. Izvo zvinogonawo kunge zvichityisidzira kurema kwesimba munzvimbo iyoyo. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti iri muUnited States inonyanya kufarira kuchengetedza kubatana kwayo neIndia. Izvozvo zvichagumisa simba rinokura reChina munzvimbo.