Sei Kufarira Kwatinofanira Kudiwa Kunofanira Kuwedzera?
Izvo zvinokonzerwa neFed zvekuwedzera kwezvinhu zvinokonzera kutengesa kwemazana maviri muzana. Kuwedzera kwemari kwegore gore-gore-gore kunowedzera kuderera kwezvokudya zvisingabviri uye mafuta . Mutengo weVakatengi weNyika ndiyo chiratidzo chekuwedzera kwezvinhu chinowanzozivikanwa kuvanhu vose.
Nhepfenyuro inosarudza mari yekushandisa yemari yako Indekisi yemari . Inoshandisa mapurogiramu anonyatsonyanya kutsvaga kupfuura eCII.
Kana iyo Index yePCE yekutsvaga kwekutsvaga kwenyika inowedzera kupfuura 2 muzana, ipapo Fed inogadzirisa zvinopesana nemari yemitemo.
Nzira yekuti Contractionary Monetary Policy Inoshandiswa sei
Nzira yekutanga yekudzivirirwa iri kukwidza chinangwa chekudyidzana mari yehuwandu. Izvo zvinowedzera mutengo mabanki anotengesa mumwe nomumwe kuti akweretese mari kuti asangane nechinzvimbo chinodiwa . IWatch Reserve inoda mabhangi ave nechimwe chikamu muruoko rweusiku humwe kana vavhara mabhuku avo. Kune mabheji akawanda, ndiyo 10 muzana yemari yavo yose. Pasina izvi zvinoda, mabhengi aizobhadhara mari imwe neimwe yevanhu vanoita mari. Vangadai vasina mari yakakwana mune zvekuchengetedza kuvhara mari yekushanda kana imwe yezvikwereti zvisingachapi.
Kusimudza mari inodyidzana nemari ndeyekupokana nokuti inoderedza mari inowanikwa .
Mabhangi anotora chikwereti chezvikwereti zvepamusoro pamari yavo yekubhadhara kuitira kubhadhara mari yakaderedzwa mari yakawanda. Mabhizimusi anokwereta zvishomanana, usapararira zvakawanda uye kukohwa vashoma vashandi. Izvozvo zvinoderedza kuda . Kudiwa kwepasi kunoderedza mitengo, kuisa kuguma kwekutengesa.
Chechipiri, Fed inogona kuwedzera kudiwa kwekuchengetedzwa. Izvi hazvishamisi.
Zvinokanganisa mabhengi kuti achinje mitemo nemirairo kuti asangane nezvinodiwa zvitsva. Kusimudza mari yakadyidzana mari yakajeka uye inozadzisa chinangwa chimwe chete.
Yechitatu yezvigadzirwa yemakethe yakazaruka . Ndiyo apo Fed inotenga kana kutengesa zvigaro zvayo zveSouth Treasory manotsi . Kuti iite zvinopesana nemitemo, Fed inotengesa Treasurys kune rimwe remabhengi ayo. Izvozvo zvinoderedza mari iyo inowanikwa yekukweretesa. Izvozvo zvinopa bhangi chikonzero chekubhadhara chikwata chapamusoro chekufarira. Kuenzanisa kunongedza kwakange kwakapesana neizvi. Nokuda kwezvimwe, ona Chete Chekuita Zvirongwa .
Mienzaniso
Hapana mienzaniso mizhinji yekusagadzirisa kwemari yemutemo kune zvikonzero zviviri. Kutanga, Fed inowanzodikanwa kuti hupfumi hukure, usingaregi. Zvinotonyanya kukosha, kutengesa kwezvinhu hakuve dambudziko kubvira kuma1970.
Muna 1973, kutengesa kwenyika kwakabuda kubva ku3,9 kubva kune 9,6 muzana. Izvo Mari yakasimudza chibereko kubva ku575 kubva muzana kusvika kune 13 muzana munaJuly 1974. Pasinei nekuwedzera, kuwedzera kwehupfumi kwaive kunonoka, mamiriro ezvinhu anonzi stagflation . Dhenda yakapindura mune zvematongerwe enyika uye yakaderedza chiyero ichi kusvika ku7,5 muzana munaJanuary 1975. Kudyidzana kweFed-kuenda mutemo wemari yakatumira kuwedzera kwemazana 10-12 kubva muna April 1975. Bhizimisi hazvina kuderedza mutengo kana zvikwereti zvikwira.
Havana kuziva nguva iyo Fed yaizovamutsa zvakare. Apo Paul Volcker akava Fed Chair muna 1979, akasimudza mari yakadyiwa mari kusvika 20 muzana. Akaichengetedza ipapo, pakupedzisira kuisa danda mukati memwoyo wekuwedzera.
Mutungamiri wekare weGreen Reserve, Ben Bernanke, akati sangano rezvemari rinokonzera kukanganisa kwakaita kuti Great Depression . IFed yakanga yatanga mitemo yemari inokonzera kupesana kwekudzivirira huwandu hwemhepo yekupera kwema1920. Asi panguva yekuderera kana kukanganisa kwemakambani emakore ekuma1929 , hazvina kushandura kune chinangwa chekuwedzera kwemari sezvazvaifanira kunge. Yakaramba ichinyanya kushandiswa kwemitemo yemari uye yakasimudza mitero .
Izvo zvaiva nokuti madhora akanga achiri kutsigirwa nehutano hwegoridhe . Nhepfenyuro haina kuda kuti vatsoropodzi vatengese mari yavo yegoridhe uye vanoderedza nzvimbo dze Fort Knox. Imwe mitemo yemari inowedzera yaizove yakagadzira zvishoma zvishoma nezvishoma.
Pane kudaro, Fed yakachengetedza kukosha kwechiroro uye yakagadzira kukurumidza kusarura . Izvozvo zvakabatsira kutadzisa kuwanda kwemakore murefu kwemazuva gumi .