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Zvinokonzera
Hyperinflation inotanga apo hurumende yehurumende inotanga kushandura mari yekubhadhara mari yekushandisa . Sezvo mari iripo inowedzera, mitengo inomuka seyenguva dzose inotengeswa .
Kuwedzera kwemari inowanikwa ndeimwe yezvikonzero zviviri zvekutengesa . Icho chinotarisirwa -kutora inflation . Izvo zvinoitika kana kuwedzera kwekutsvaga kwekubuda kwekugovera, kutumira mitengo yakakwirira.
Panzvimbo yekusimbisa mari yekugadzirisa kuwedzera kwehupfumi, hurumende inoramba ichidhinda mari yakawanda yekubhadhara mari yekushandisa. Neine mari yakawanda inowedzera pasi pehupfumi, mitengo inotyisa. Kana vashandi vachiona zviri kuitika, vanotarisira kupfuurira kuwedzera. Vanotenga zvakawanda ikozvino kuti vasabhadhara mutengo wakakwirira gare gare. Inowedzera kuwedzera kwezvinhu, kunyanya kana vakaisa zvinhu uye kuumba kushayikwa.
Migumisiro
Kuteerera uye kuchengetedza kuumba kushayikwa kwezvinhu zvakagadzikana , zvakadai semotokari nemichina yekugeza. Kunyange zvinhu zvinoparara, sechingwa nemukaka, zvinotaperera sezvo hupfumi hunofa. Vanhu vanorasikirwa nehupenyu hwavo hwekuchengetedza sezvo mari inova isina maturo. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichocho, vakwegura ndivo vanowanzoshungurudzika nehuwandu hwemhepo.
Mabhandi nevakweretesi vanopedzisira vabhadharwa sezvo zvikwereti zvavo zvinorasikirwa nehuwandu uye vanhu vanomira kugadzirisa mari.
Hyperinflation inotuma kukosha kwekuderera kwemari mumisika yemari yekunze kwekunze . Vatengi venyika yacho vanobuda kunze kwebhizimisi semari yekutengeswa kwezvinhu zvekune dzimwe nyika. Ushaiwe hunosimuka semakambani.
Zvadaro hurumende inotora mari inowira, uye ine dambudziko rekupa hutano huripo. Hurumende inonyora mari yakawanda yekubhadhara zvikwereti zvayo, kuwedzera huwandu hwehutachiona.
Kune vaviri vakunda mu hyperinflation. Kutanga, ndeavo vakatora chikwereti. Vanoona kuti matengo akakwirira anoita kuti chikwereti chavo chisakoshi kana ichienzanisa kusvikira chava kuparadzwa. Vanotengesa kunze vanogadzirisawo. Kukosha kwekuwa kwenyika yekunze kunoita kuti kutengesa kuve kudhura kunofananidzwa nekukwikwidza kune dzimwe nyika. Vanotengesa kunze vanowana mari yakaoma yekunze, iyo inowedzera mukukosha sezvo mari yekunze inowira. Izvowo nzira iyo inowanzopererwa nayo inokonzera hupenyu hwako.
Jerimani
Muenzaniso wakazivikanwa zvikuru we hyperinflation waiva panguva ye Weimar Republic muGermany muma1920s . Chokutanga, hurumende yeGermany yakadhinda mari yekubhadhara Hondo Yenyika I. Kubva muna 1913 kusvikira pakuguma kwehondo, nhamba yeChammarkmark in circulation yakaenda kubva kubva kune mabhiriyoni gumi kusvika mabhiriyoni makumi matanhatu. Hurumende ichinyorawo hurumende dzehurumende, iyo inobatsira zvakafanana nekudhinda mari. Chikwereti cheGermany chikwereti chakabva pamabhiriyoni mashanu kusvika ku100 mabhiriyoni. Pakutanga, iyi yekusimudzira mari inoderedza mari yekutengeswa uye kuwedzera kwehupfumi hwehupfumi .
Apo hondo yakapera, veAllies vakashongedza Germany nechekare 132 mabhiriyoni emakwikwi mukugadzirisa hondo.
Kugadzirwa kwakaputsika, zvichiita kushaikwa kwezvinhu, kunyanya zvokudya. Nemhaka yokuti pane mari yakawandisa mumakwikwi, uye zvinhu zvishomanana, mutengo wezvinhu zvezuva nezuva wakapetwa kaviri mazuva 3.7. Iko kuwedzera kwekutengesa kwaive kwe20,9 muzana pazuva. Varimi nevamwe vakagadzira zvinhu vakaita zvakanaka, asi vanhu vakawanda vaigara muurombo hwakanyanya kana kuti vakasiya nyika. (Imwe: "Germany muEra ye Hyperinflation," Der Spiegel, Gumiguru 14, 2009.)
Vhenezwera
Muenzaniso wekupedzisira we hyperinflation uri kuVenezuela. Mitengo yakasimuka 41 muzana muna 2013, 63 muzana muna 2014, 121 muzana muna 2015, uye 481 muzana muna 2016. Muna 2017, hurumende yakawedzera mari inowanikwa ka14. Iko kukurudzira imwe cryptocurrency, iyo petrol nokuti bolivar yakarasika 98 muzana. Haikwanisi kutenga mari yekudhinda mapepa emapuraneti matsva. I International Monetary Fund inotarisira kuti mitengo iwedzere 13,000 muzana muna 2018.
Mukupindura, vanhu vari kushandisa mazai semari. Bhokisi ra mazai rinokosha mabhirivha makumi maviri nemazana maviri. Iyo inongodhura mabhiriyoni 6 740 munaJanuary 2017. Hasha yehupfumi yakasvika 21 kubva muzana, yakafanana nehuwandu hweUnited States munguva yeHurumende Yokuderera. (Chinobva: "Venezuela Inokanda MuTineni Pamusoro peHyperinflation," ZeroHedge, Gumiguru 27, 2016.)
Venezuela yakagadzira sei dambudziko rakadaro? Mutungamiri Hugo Chavez akanga atanga kutengesa mutengo wezvokudya nemishonga. Asi mutengo wakagadzirirwa wakanga uri pasi zvakanyanya wakamanikidza makambani ekudzidzira kunze kwebhizimisi. Mukupindura, hurumende yakabhadhara kutengeswa. Muna 2014, mutengo wemafuta wakadzika, kutyora mari kune makambani ane hurumende yemafuta. Apo hurumende yakabuda kunze kwemari, yakatanga kushandura zvimwe. Panzvimbo pane kuchinja mutengo waro wekukuvadza uye kupiwa mubhadharo, Mutungamiri Maduro ari kuramba achigadzirisa mitemo.
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe yakanga iine hyperinflation pakati pe 2004-2009. Hurumende yakadhinda mari yekubhadhara hondo yeCongo. Uyewo, kusanaya uye kupambwa kwemafamu kwakaderedza kugoverwa kwezvokudya uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakagadzirwa munzvimbo. Somugumisiro, hyperinflation yakaipa kudarika muGermany. Iko kuwedzera kwezvikamu kwaive 98 muzana pazuva, uye mutengo wakapetwa kaviri maawa makumi maviri nemaviri. Yakazoguma apo vanhu vakatanga kutambira mamwe mari panzvimbo yeDhora reZimbabwe.
America
Nguva bedzi United States yakatambura hyperinflation yaiva panguva yeHondo Yenyika. Hurumende yeConstedate yakadhinda mari yekubhadhara hondo. Kana hyperinflation ichinyanya kuitika muAmerica, Indekisi yekutenga mari yaizoiyera. Kana iwe uchitarisa kuwedzera kwemazuva ano , iwe uchaona kuti hapana nzvimbo iri pedyo ne hyperinflation. Muzvokwadi, haisi kunyange mumadhipatimendi maviri. Ichokwadi, kutengesa kwezvinhu kwakanyanya. Mafuta mashoma anokonzera kukura kwezvoupfumi .
Sangano reState Reserve rinodzivirira huwandu hwehutano muAmerica nemitemo yemari . Dhiyabhorosi basa guru nderokudzora kutengesa kwepfuma nekudzivirira kuenderera mberi kwematambudziko . Inoita izvi kuburikidza nekusimbisa kana kuchengetedza mari inopa, iyo ndiyo mari yakabvumidzwa mumusika. Kutsigira mari inopa mari inoderedza ngozi yekuputsika kwepasi kana ichidzikinura inowedzera dambudziko rekuwedzera kwenyika.
Ikopa ine chinangwa chekutengesa kwe 2 muzana pagore. Iyo ndiyo inokonzera kutengesa kwenyika, iyo inosiya kunze kwemafuta emafuta asina kuwandisa uye mutengo wegesi . Vanofamba uye vachidzika nokukurumidza zvichienderana nekutengeserana kwezvinhu . Izvozvo zvinokanganisa mutengo wezvokudya izvo matori anotakura marefu marefu. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, CPI inobvisawo kutengesa kwezvokudya kubva pamutengo wekutengesa kwepakati.
Kana huwandu hwekutsvaga kwekutengesa kwepamusoro huri kupfuura 2 muzana, Fed ichasimudza mari yakaderedzwa mari . Ichashandisa imwe yedzimwe mishonga yemitemo yemari yekusimbisa mari yekubatsira, nekudhura kwezvinhu zvakare. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoti kupindira kweFed kuderedza kuderedzwa kunokonzera hyperinflation. Icho hachisi mungozi chaiyo sezvo mari zhinji yeFed yakaputirwa mubhengi yebhangi inogara mubhengi rebhangi. Hauna kupinda mukati, uye naizvozvo haigone kukonzera hyperinflation. Kana mabhenji anotanga kukweretesa zvakawanda, Fed inogona kukurumidza kuwedzera zvigadziro zvayo uye kuderedza mari inopa.
Kupona Hyperinflation
Pasinei nekushaya huwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu, vanhu vakawanda vachiri kunetseka pamusoro payo. Saka, dai zvaizoitika, iwe unofanira kuitei? Pane nzira nhatu dzaunogona kudzivirira kubva kune chero rudzi rwehupfumi . Nzira dzakanaka dzemari dzichakubatsira kuti uchengetedze huwandu hwehutano.
Chokutanga, gadzirirwa nekuve nezvinhu zvako zvakasiyana-siyana . Izvozvo zvinoreva kuenzanisa zvinhu zvako pakati peAmerica stock uye zvisungo, maitoro emarudzi ose nezvisungo, ndarama nezvimwe zvinhu zvakaoma, uye imba .
Chechipiri, chengeta pasipoti yako ikozvino. Izvo zviripo kana hyperinflation munyika yako inoita kuti hupenyu hwako husinganzwisisike.
Chechitatu, iva nechokwadi chokuti une unyanzvi hwakasiyana-siyana uye matarenda. Kana uchida bhiribha rakazara nemari kutenga chingwa, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kubika chingwa. Hyperinflation inogadzirisa hurongwa hunodiwa kana mari isingabatsiri. Unyanzvi hwakawanda hwehutano hunoshanda hunoita kuti uwane zvakanaka pakutengesa.