Iko US Minimum Salary Is $ 7.25 / Saa: Unofanidza Sei?
Minimum Wage by State
Munyika 21, huwandu hwemubairo hunofanana nehurumende yepamusoro:
- Mamwe ma States ane zvishoma: Georgia uye Wyoming.
- Zvigumi nemana zvinotarisa chiyero chavo kuti chienzane nemubairo wehurumende.
- Zvishanu zvitemo hazvina mutemo wemo: Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Alabama neSouth Carolina.
Izvo zvinosara makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemasere uye neDunhu reColumbia zvakagadzirisa zvikamu zvepamusoro pehurumende. Nharaunda yeColumbia ine misha mikuru yepamusoro, $ 12.50 kubva munaJuly 1, 2017. Ichange ichiwedzera kusvika $ 15 neJuly 1, 2020. Mubairo weMassachusetts neWashington mishoma ndeye $ 11.00 neawa.
New York ichasimudza mubayiro waro muNew York City kusvika pa $ 15 neawa pakupera kwe 2018.
California inopa $ 10.50 neawa yevashandi vane 26 kana kupfuura vashandi. Vanofanira kuwedzera muchero mubairo kusvika $ 15 neawa muna Jan. 1, 2022. Makambani maduku aripa $ 10 neawa. Vane kusvikira Jan. 1, 2023 kuwedzera. Mushure mezvo, huwandu huchasimuka huchienderera mberi nehupfumi.
Eleven States dzinoshandisa mari yekugadzirisa mararamiro ekugadzirisa kuwedzera kwekuwedzera. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti vanowedzera huwandu hwemubairo pamwe neNhamba yeVakatengi. Kuti uwane mitemo chaiyo yehurumende imwe neimwe, ona Dhipatimendi reUnited States reBurumende rinonyora mamiriyoni emitemo yemabhadharo ehurumende imwe neimwe.
Inopawo nhoroondo yehuwandu mubayiro wehurumende imwe neimwe kubvira muna 1968.
Iyo United States Inofananidzirana Sei Nemamwe Mamwe Nyika 'Mamiriyoni Mashoma
Nyika dzakawanda dzine mamiriyoni emari mubhadharo. Vazhinji vavo vanoongorora uye vanozvigadzirisa gore negore, zvichienderana nemari yekurarama. Iko mubhadharo weUnited States wakaderera kune dzimwe nyika dzakawanda pasi rose, kunyange zvazvo mari yekurarama yakakwirira.
United States - $ 7.25 paawa. Mubairo unogona kusiyana nehurumende kana nehuwandu hwemashandi, akadai sezera.
United Kingdom - £ 7.50 / awa (US $ 9.93) Inoshandiswa nezera.
Ireland - € 9.25 / awa (US $ 10.88). Inofanirwa nezera.
IEuropean Union yenyika - 21 dzeEU makumi maviri nemakumi mana dzinomirira mubhadharo wechidiki. Mitemo inowanzoshanda kune vashandi vose. Mubhadharo unobva kubva pasi pe181.01 euros pamwedzi muAlbania kusvika kuma1999.59 euros pamwedzi muLuxembourg (inenge US $ 212.84 kusvika US $ 2,350.04). Nyika dzeUnited States dzine mamiriyoni mashoma emari kupfuura United States. Ndiwo Netherlands, Ireland, UK, France, Germany, Belgium, uye Luxembourg.
Thailand - 310 bahta / zuva muBangkok nemamwe maguta makuru. (US $ 9.28). Mamwe maguta ari 308 bah / zuva uye 305 bah / zuva. Kumaruwa kunzvimbo dzebhahton 300 pazuva. Inokwidziridza yunifomu yenyika yose yebhahisho 300 pazuva rakagadziriswa musi waJanuary 1, 2013. Iyo yakawedzera kabhadharo kune vamwe vashandi vemaruwa.
Australia - AU $ 18.29 / awa (US $ 14.31). Inofanirwa nezera uye basa remamiriro.
Nyika Dzisina Chekuripa Mubairo Wepasi Pose
Canada haina mamiriyoni emari mubayiro. Panzvimbo pacho, ruzivo rumwe norunharaunda uye nharaunda rinotarisa rutivi rwayo Dzinobva kubva pasi peC $ 10.85 / awa (US $ 8.69) muNova Scotia kusvika C $ 15.00 / awa (US $ 12.02) muAlberta. Ihurumende yenyika iri kuedza kuita kuti vose vagoisa mari shoma ye $ 12 / awa (US $ 9.62).
Mexico hainawo muganhu wemari mudiki. A commission inotarisa mubairo mudiki kune imwe nzvimbo yakanyanya kubhadharwa. Iko mubayiro uri 80.04 pesos pazuva, kana $ 4.38. Asi izvi zviduku zviri pasi apa izvo chero mushandi anogamuchira. Inoshandiswa senheyo yekutaurirana.
China hainawo mamiriyoni emari mubayiro. Ndiko nokuti mari yehupenyu yakasiyana zvikuru munyika yose. Pane kudaro, nharaunda imwe neimwe inogadzirisa huwandu hwayo, nehutungamiri hukuru hunopiwa nehurumende yenyika. Somugumisiro, mubhadharo wehuwandu unodarika 1,160 RMB / mwedzi (US $ 174.63).
India hainawo mamiriyoni emari mubayiro. Asi Mutemo Wemadiki Wemazuva 1948 wakati nyika inofanira kutaurirana nemabhizimisi kuti vabvumirane pamararamiro ehupenyu. Muna 2012, hurumende yehurumende yakaratidza kuti nyika inotora mari shoma yairo 115 rupees / awa (US $ 1.77). Iko mari shoma muDelhi iri 513 rupees / zuva (US $ 7.88.)
Chinangwa
Icho chinangwa chemitemo miripo yebhaji ndechekuregedza vashandi kuti vasashandise vashandi vasingadi. Iko mubhadharo wechidiki inofanira kugovera mari yakakwana yekupa mubairo wekurarama . Iyo ndiyo mari inodiwa kuti ipe zvokudya zvakakwana, zvipfeko, uye pokugara.
Kunyange zvazvo mubairo wechechi unochengetedza vashandi mukushungurudza, hauna kuchengetedzana nehutsika . Kutaura zvazviri, pamasikati makumi mana nevhiki kwevhiki makumi mashanu nemasere, mubairo wechechi unoshandiswa ku $ 15,080 pagore. Izvozvo zvinopfuura federal paurombo hwehutano hwemunhu mumwe chete asi hwakaderera pane urombo huri hwemhuri yevana. Mune mamwe mazwi, kana mumwe munhu ari kuedza kutsigira mhuri nekuita mari shoma, vanozokwanisa kupiwa hurumende kubatsira rubatsiro.
Nhoroondo
Iko Fair Labor Standards Act yakaronga mudiki wekutanga weUnited mubhadharo muna 1938. Mutungamiri Franklin D. Roosevelt akaipfuudza sechikamu cheNew Deal kudzivirira vashandi munguva yekudengenyeka kukuru . Kuora mwoyo kwakange kwaita kuti mubhadharo wevakawanda uwire pasi kune pennies pazuva. Roosevelt akaisa mubairo mudiki we $ .25 / awa, iyo yakaenzana ne $ 4.07 / awa nhasi.
Mukukwikwidza kunotyisa panguva yekudengenyeka kwainge kwaita kuti makambani ashande mubhadharo uye awedzere maawa kuti agare mubhizimisi. Somugumisiro, 25 kubva muzana yevana veAmerica vaishanda maawa makumi matanhatu pavhiki kana kupfuura, maererano neChipatimendi cheBasa reMabasa panguva iyoyo. Kugadzirisa izvi, FLSA yakarambidzawo basa revana uye rakapedza vhiki yebasa kusvika maawa makumi mana.
Iko mubhadharo wakaderera wakakwidzwa neCongress katatu kakawanda. Pakazosvika 1956, yakasvika $ 1 / awa. Asi FLSA yakashandiswa zvikuru kune vashandi mune zvekutengeserana. Muna 1961, Congress yakarongedza Mutemo kuisa vashandi mumakambani ekutengesa uye kushumira. Yakawedzerwawo kune zviteshi zvekutakura, kuvaka, uye gasi. Makore mashanu gare gare, FLSA yaisanganisira vashandi vehurumende nehurumende. Iro yakaisawo vashandi vakawanda mumashandiro ekushanda akadai sekuchenesa, hotela, uye mapurazi.
Iko kushandurwa kwezvino kuFSA kwaive Mutemo Wakawanda Wemahoji Wakaitwa muna 2007. Yakaronga kuwedzera kwezvirongwa izvi:
- Pamberi paJuly 24, 2007 - $ 5.15 neawa.
- July 24, 2007 - $ 5.85 paawa.
- July 24, 2008 - $ 6.55 paawa.
- July 24, 2009 - $ 7.25 paawa.
Mutungamiri Obama akadana kuti kuwedzere kusvika $ 10.10 muna 2014 State ye Union Union Address . Akasaina sarudzo yepamusoro iyo yakati vatongi vehurumende vose vanofanira kutevera izvo zvishoma.
Asi, Congress inenge isingasimudzi mari yeUnited mubhadharo. Nhengo dzinofunga kuti dzinosunga mabhizimisi maduku akawanda kuti aparadze vashandi kuchengetedza mari yavo yose yebasa mumutsetse. Ichokwadi, iyo Congressional Budget Office inobvumirana. Kusimudza mari shoma yaizotora mhuri 900 000 kubva muurombo, asi mari inosvika 500 000 vashandi mabasa avo pakupera kwe 2016.
Hazvizivikanwi kuti ndeupi mutungamiri Mutungamiri Trump achatora pamusana muhomwe. Sezvo akakodzera mumusarudzo ye 2016, Trump akaratidza maonero akasiyana-siyana panyaya iyi.
Kubatsirwa uye Kukanganisika
Kurwisana kutsamwa shure uye mberi pamusoro pekuti muchero wemibare unobatsira zvehupfumi kana kwete. Kune chikamu chikuru, avo vanofarira huwandu hwemari inobatanidzwa nebasa, asi avo vanopikisa vane bhizinesi.
Pros
Nzira yekutanga ndeyokuti vashandi vanogona kuvhara mari yekurarama vane tsika dzakanaka. Zvinowedzera kubudirira kana vane zvakakwana kudya uye vasina pokugara.
Chechipiri, inoderedza kusagadzikana kwemari kana ichipa kukurudzira kushanda. Izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zviri nani kune vanhu kunze kwenhepfenyuro kana pasi rose .
Chechitatu, mari shoma inobhadhara hupfumi hwehupfumi. Inopa vashandi mari yakawanda yokushandisa. Izvi zvinowedzera kudiwa uye bhizimusi mari.
Chechina, vashandi vane nguva yakawanda uye mari vanogona kuisa mari yavo mumari yavo. Izvi zvinowedzera kuwedzera zvibereko. Iyo inovandudza kutaridzika kwechikepe chebasa renyika. Vashandi vakawanda vakadzidziswa vanowedzera maitiro uye nhamba yemabhizimisi maduku.
Chechipiri, mitemo mikuru yebhaji inobatsira mabhizinesi ega. Vashandi vashoma kuti vaende kunotsvaka basa rakabhadhara. Izvi zvinoderedza kutsvaga uye mari inodhura retraining mari.
Cons
Mabhizimisi anotaura kuti mitemo mikuru yebhaji inomutsa mari yebasa ravo. Icho chave chiri icho chikuru chebhajhini chinhu chavakawanda vavo. Apo hurumende inovamanikidza kuti vabhadhara mari yakawanda yevashandi, vanobhadharira vashandi vashomanana kuchengetedza basa rose rekushanda zvakafanana. Izvi zvinowedzera uwandu hwemabasa . Iyo inorova vashandi vashoma vanobhadhara zvakanyanya zvakaoma sezvo vachifanira iye zvino kurwisana nemabasa mashoma.
Chechipiri, mamwe makambani maduku angasave nekwanisi yekuhaya vashoma vashandi. Vanogona kukamanikidzwa kuti vazivise bankruptcy panzvimbo.
Chechitatu, mari shoma inobhadhara makambani anoshanda nesimba. Nokusingaperi, izvi zvinokomborera avo vari mu- capital -intensive industries. Nokufamba kwenguva, izvi zvinogona kushandura chimiro chemuzinda wezvemari.
Chechina, mitemo yemari mizhinji inogona kuwedzera kubuda kwebasa . Makambani anotamira zvivako zvavo kune dzimwe nyika umo mari yebasa iri pasi.
Chechipiri, mitemo mikuru yebhajhe ingasaderedza hurombo hwemunyika. Inobatsira vashandi vane mabasa asi inowedzera kusakosha kwebasa. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti mitemo iyi inowedzera huwandu hwehurombo huwandu .
Iko Kunobatsira kunze kweKuteerera kusvika Pano
Imwe tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti mari shoma inogona kuwedzera huwandu hwemabasa muhupfumi. Mabhizimusi anowana dzimwe nzira dzokubvisa mari yepamusoro yevashandi. Vanosimudza mutengo kana kuderedza nhamba yeawa inoshandiswa. Mufambiro wevashandi, kubudirira, uye mutengi kushandisa mari yose.
Asi zvinowanikwa kunze kwehana kana huwandu hwemari husinganyanyi kukwirira. Mipiro haigoni kuve yakakwirira kwazvo zvokuti inoderedza kukwanisa kwekambani kuchengetedza mari yekushanda pasi panguva yekuderera. Mukugadzirisa mari shoma, hurumende inofanira kuwana nzvimbo yakanaka pakati pekuchengetedza vashandi uye kupa mabhizinesi kushanduka kwavanoda kuti varambe vachikwikwidza.
Vanhu Vashomanana Vari Kuita Mubayiro Ushoma
Muna 2016, Pew Research Centre yakawana 2.7 muzana chete yevashandi veAmerica vanowana mari shoma kana mari. Izvo zvakaderera kubva pa13,4 muzana muna 1979. Maererano neBusiness of Labor Statistics, vashandi vanosvika 700 000 maawa ega ega vakagamuchira zvakanyanya mubairo.
Vaya vanowana mari shoma shoma kana vashoma vari vaduku. Inopfuura hafu yepakati pe16 kusvika ku24, asi hafu yevaya vari kuyaruka. Kazhinji (77 muzana) yakachena, uye inenge hafu yevakadzi vachena. Ndiko nokuti 64 muzana ndevashandi venguva.
Vanopfuura hafu vanoshanda mubhizimisi rehotera neresitorendi. Dhaka inoshandisa 14 muzana yevashandi vashoma vashandi. Zvikamu gumi nemasere zvinoshanda muzvidzidzo uye zvehutano.
Kunyoresa Vashandi Vanoita Pasi Pakati Pekuri Mudiki
Vanenge mamiriyoni 1,5 vashandi vanobhadhara mari shoma pane zvishoma nekuti havaregereri. Heino maitiro ekuregererwa uye mubhadharo:
- Vadzidzi venguva yakazara vari 85 muzana yevashandi vashoma vashandi. Vanoshanda mune zvekutengesa, mabhizimisi emabasa uye zvekurima. Vanoshandawo mumayunivhesiti anowana chipiro kubva kuDhipatimendi reMabasa. Nguva dzevadzidzi dzishoma.
- Vadzidzi vevadzidzi vane makore 16 kana kupfuura vanoumba 75 muzana yehuwandu hwemari yevashandi vedzidzo yevashandi. Vanofanirwawo kuwana rugwaro kubva kuDOL.
- Avo vari pasi pezera remakore makumi maviri nemaviri mumazuva avo ekutanga makumi mapfumbamwe emabasa ebasa vanowana $ 4.25 / awa chete.
- Vashandi vane hurema vanogona kugamuchira mubairo wepamusoro unokosha kana urema hukaderedza huwandu hwebasa.
- Vashandi vakagadzirirwa vanobhadharwa $ 2.13 / awa kana mazano ari kuita zvakaenzana nemari mudiki. Kana zvisingaiti, saka mushandirwi anofanira kuita mutsauko.
- Mabhizimusi anotora madhora anodarika madhora mazana mashanu pagore anokwanisa kubhadhara zvishoma kudarika miriyoni mibairo kunze kwekuti vari kubatanidzwa mune zvekutengeserana.
Kana mumwe munhu ari muzvikamu izvi achishandira hurumende, chipatara kana chikoro, havasi kuregererwa uye vanofanira kuramba vachiwana mubairo mudiki. Tarisai hurumende mitemo yemitemo yevashandi ava, kunyange zvazvo mutemo wezvematongerwo enyika uchatanga kutanga kana mari yacho yakakwirira.
Mubairo neHawa Chikamu cheDhipatimendi reMabasa reUnited States chinosimudzira mutemo weUnited Minimum law. Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko, ona FLSA Reference Guide. (Chinyorwa: "Q & A Pamusoro Pemaawa Mashoma," US Department of Labor.)