Kukuru Kuwedzererwa: Chii Chakaitika, Chii Chakaita Kuti Ive, Iyo Yakaguma Sei

Chikonzero Nei Paiva Nayo Chete Chikuru Kuora Mwoyo

Ukudengenyeka kukuru kwaiva kudengenyeka kwepasi rose kwehupfumi kwakapedza makore gumi. Mutambo waro waiva " Black Black ," Gumiguru 24, 1929. Ndiyo apo vatengesi vakatengesa 12.9 mamiriyoni emiganhu yematokari mune rimwe zuva, katatu mari inowanzoitika.Zvino mazuva mana anotevera, mutengo wemashesi wakawira 23 muzana kuparara kwemusika wekutengeswa kwema1929 . Kukura Kwekukuru kwainge kwatotanga muna August apo hupfumi hwakabvumirana.

Kubasa Kwakasvika 25 Percent

Kukuru Kwekudarika kunobata zvose zvese zvevanhu.

Nokukwirira kwarwo muna 1933, kusashaya kwemabasa kwakanga kwabuda kubva pa3 kusvika ku25 muzana yevashandi venyika. Mitsva kune avo vakanga vachiri nemabasa vakawira 42 muzana. US TU.S. chigadzirwa chakakodzwa mumunda chakatemwa hafu, kubva pa $ 103 mabhiriyoni kusvika ku $ 55 biliyoni. Icho chaive chikamu pamusana pekuzvidzivirira . Mitengo yakawa 10 muzana gore negore. Vatungamiri vehurumende vakakanganisa vakapedza mutero we Smoot-Hawley kuti vadzivirire maindasitiri emisha uye mabasa. Somugumisiro, kutengeserana kwepasi kwakaderera 65 kubva muzana zvichienzaniswa muma US $. Yakaderera 25 muzana muhuwandu hwezvikamu.

Upenyu Panguva Yokudengenyeka

Kusuruvara kwakakonzera varimi vazhinji kuti varasikirwa nemapurazi avo. Panguva imwecheteyo, makore ekuwedzera-kukura uye kusanaya kwakagadzira " Dust Bowl " muMidwest Midwest. Yakapera hurima mune imwe nzvimbo yaimbova yakaorera. Zviuru zveva varimi nevamwe vashandi vasingashandi vakatsvaka basa muCalifornia. Vakawanda vakaguma vachirarama se "hobos" dzisina pokugara. Vamwe vakatamira kune vakadana vainzi " Hoovervilles ," anonzi mushure mezvo-Mutungamiri Herbert Hoover.

Chii Chakaita Kuti Ichive

Maererano naBen Bernanke , sachigaro wapfuura weGerald Reserve , bhandi yepamusoro yakabatsira kusimbisa kuora mwoyo. Yakashandisa zvakasimba mari yemari apo yaifanira kunge yakaita zvakasiyana. Bernanke akasimbisa dambudziko reFed rakakanganisika.

1. Nheyo yakatanga kusimudza mari yakadyidzana mumari muna 1928. Yakaramba ichingowedzera kuburikidza nekuderera kwakatanga muna August 1929.

1. Apo yemusika wepamusoro wakagumburwa , vatengesi vakatendeukira kumisika yemari . Panguva iyoyo, mutemo wegoridhe wakatsigira kukosha kwemadhora akaitwa nehurumende yeUnited States. Vanyengeri vakatanga kutengeserana mumadhora avo kuti vawane goridhe Septemba 1931. Izvozvo zvakagadzira kumhanya pesaidhora.
2. Izvo Zvakawanda zvakasimudza chikwereti chezvibereko zvekare kuchengetedza kukosha kwedhora. Izvo zvakaramba zvichirambidza kuwanikwa kwemari yebhizimisi. Mamwe mabhizimisi akazotevera.
3. IHed haina kuwedzera kupiwa kwemari kurwisana nekuderedza.
4. Vashandi vanosiya mari yavo yose kubva kumabhangi . Kukundikana kwemabhanki kwakagadzira kutya kukuru. IFed haina kukanganwa mabhanki 'plight. Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu akaparadza chero yevashandi vakasara vanovimba mune zvemari. Vanhu vazhinji vakasiya mari yavo ndokuiisa pasi pemadzimai avo. Izvo zvakapfuurira kuderedza mari yekupa mari .

IHed haina kuisa mari yakakwana mumakwikwi kuitira kuti hupfumi huende zvakare. Pane kudaro, Fed yakabvumira kubhadhara kwemadhora eUnited States kuwira 30 muzana.

Chii chakagumisa Kuora Kwekukuru

Muna 1932, nyika yakasarudza Franklin D. Roosevelt semutungamiri wenyika. Akavimbisa kusika mapurogiramu ehurumende yehurumende kuti apedzisire Kuparara Kukuru. Mumazuva zana, akasaina New Deal mutemo.

Yakagadzira masangano matsva 42. Zvakanga zvakagadzirirwa kuumba mabasa, kubvumira unionization nekupa inshurensi yebasa. Zvizhinji zvezvirongwa izvi zvichiripo. Zvinosanganisira Social Security , Securities uye Exchange Commission , uye Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation . Aya mapurogiramu anobatsira kuchengetedza hupfumi uye kudzivirira imwe kuora mwoyo.

Vakawanda vanopikisa kuti Hondo Yenyika II, kwete New Deal, yakapedzisa kuora mwoyo. Asi kana FDR yakashandisa zvakawanda paNew Deal sezvaakaita panguva yeHondo, inenge yapedzisa kuora mwoyo. Mumakore mapfumbamwe pakati pekugadzwa kweNew Deal nekurwiswa kwePearl Harbor, FDR yakawedzera chikwereti ne $ 3 bhiriyoni. Muna 1942, kushandisa mari yekuzvidzivirira kwakawedzera $ 23 mabhiriyoni kune chikwereti. Muna 1943, yakawedzera imwe $ 64 mabhiriyoni.

Ichokwadi, WWII yakabva mumadambudziko. Kudzvinyirira kwezvemari kwakaita kuti veGermany vatsamwe zvakakwana kuti vasarudze bato raAdolf Hitler reNazi kuvazhinji muna 1933.

Kana FDR yakashandisa zvakakwana paNew Deal kugumisa Kuora Kwepamberi Hitler asati asvika pakusimba, Hondo Yenyika II ingadai isina kumboitika.

Zvikonzero Zvinoita Kuti Kuora Kukuru Kurege Kuitikazve

Kuora mwoyo pane imwecheteyo hakukwanisi kuitika nenzira imwecheteyo. Central mabhangi kumativi ose enyika, kusanganisira Federal Reserve, akadzidza kubva kare. Vanoziva kushandisa mari yekuita mari yekugadzirisa hupfumi.

Asi mutemo wemari haugoni kukanganisa mutemo wemari. Uwandu hwechikwereti chenyika yeUnited States uye kukanganisa kwekodha ikozvino kunogona kukonzera dambudziko rezvemari. Izvozvo zvingava zvakaoma mari yemari yekugadzirisa. Hapana anoziva kuti chii chichaitika kubvira ikozvino yemari ye US chikwereti chisina kumboitika.

Zvimwe : Kukunda Kukuru Kukaitikazve Here? | Chikwereti cheU.S. Purezidhendi ... Nguva yekutambudzika kukuru