Zuva Rokutanga reDambudziko reStock Market rakaipisisa muAmerica History
Chii chakaitika
Kunyange pamberi peNew York Stock Exchange yakazaruka, vatengesi vaiva panicky. Dow Jones Industrial Average akanga awira 4.6 muzana zuva rakapfuura. Musoro mukuru weWashington Post wakashevedzera, "Kutengesa Kwakakura Kwakaitwa Kunoita Pedyo-Panic sezvo Masoro Akaparara." Musika wakazarurwa pa305.85.
Yakabva yanyura 11 muzana panguva yekutengeserana kwemazuva. Ndiyo imwe yezana yepamusoro pane kukodzwa kwemusika .
Wall Street mabhenji iwayo ane hanya. Musika wekutengeswa wakange watova anenge makumi maviri kubva muzana kubvira pakanyorwa kwaro kusvika 381.2 musi waSeptember 3, 1929. Kunyanya kuwedzera, kutengesa kwemazana kwaive nezvikamu gumi nezviviri zvezvikamu, kana katatu zvakaenzana. Aya mabhanki matatu anotungamirira panguva iyoyo aiva Morgan Bank, Chase National Bank uye National City Bank yeNew York. Vakatenga zvikwereti zvekudzorera kuvimba mumisika. Kupindira kwakaratidzika kushanda. Dow yakadzosa zvishoma, ikavhara 2 muzana pasi, pa 299.47. (Ikoko: " 1929 Crash ," San Francisco University.)
Musi weChishanu, Dow yakavhara kumusoro, pa301.22. Asi pamusi weMusivhu weMuvhuro , yakawira mukutengeserana, kusvika 260.64. Izvozvo zvakakonzera kutyisa kwose kweChipiri Chipiri . Pakupera kwezuva, Dow yakanga yawa kusvika 230.07, 12% yakarasikirwa.
Mushure mokuputsika, Dow yakaramba ichienderera kwemakore matatu.
Yakazoguma musi waJuly 8, 1932, ichivhara pa 41.22. Zvose zvakataurwa, yakarashika inenge 90 kubva muzana yehuwandu hwayo kubva pakusvika kwayo musi waSeptember 3, 1929. Kutaura zvazviri, haina kusvika kune iyo yakakwirira zvakare kwemakore makumi maviri nemashanu, kusvikira munaNovember 23, 1954. Kurasikirwa kwekuputsika kwemusika kwakabatsira kusimbisa Great Depression.
Chii Chakaita Kuti Ichive?
Munguva yekutengesa 20s , kuisa mari mumusika wekutengesa kwakava nguva yekugara munyika.
Kubvira muna 1922 kusvika pakatarisana nekuputsika, mutengo wemashekiti inowedzera yakawedzera nema 218 muzana. Iko yaiva 20 muzana gore kwemakore manomwe.
Vaya vakanga vasina mari yekuisa mari vaizokwereta kubva kune avo vatengesi "pamucheto." Izvozvo zvaireva kuti vaifanira kuisa 10-20 muzana pasi. Nhau dzevanhu vose kubva kuvarandakadzi kusvika kuvadzidzisi vanoita mamiriyoni vanoita kuti vanhu vasafara .
Dzimwe mabhengi akaisa mari yavo kubhadhara pasina kuudza. Kusashandisa kwavo mari zvisina kunaka kwakagadzira kumhanya pamahombekombe ayo aive chiratidzo chekuderera kukuru . Mabhangi akanga asina kukwana kukudza depositors 'kubvisa. Vanhu vazhinji vakagamuchira masentimita gumi pamadhora ose. Mukupindura, Mutungamiri Roosevelt akasika Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation . Yakavimbisa kuchengetedza kwavo sechikamu cheNew Deal .
Paiva nezvimwe zviratidzo zvekunyevera mukati megore ra1929. Muna March, Dow yakadonha asi mabhengi akavakurudzira vatengesi uye vakadzoserwa chivimbo. Musi waAugust 8, Federal Reserve Bank yeNew York yakawedzera kuderedzwa kwemazera kubva pa5 kusvika ku6 muzana. Musi waSeptember 26, Bhanga reEngland rakatevera. Yakadikanwa kutadzisa kurasikirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvayo zvegoridhe kuWall Street vatengesi. Kufanana nedzimwe nyika dzose dzakasimudzika , England yakanga iri pasi pendarama .
Izvozvo zvaireva kuti yaifanira kukudza kubhadhara chero kupi zvako, kana yakabvunzwa, ine kukosha kwayo mugoridhe. Sezvo kuwedzera kwezvibereko zvakasimuka, mari yekubhadhara mari yekambani yakabhadhara zvikwereti zvakawa.
Musi waSeptember 29, mapepanhau akarovera Clarence Hatry vakatenga United Steel nekubatwa kwenhema. Kambani yake yakawa, uye varimi vakarasikirwa mabhiriyoni. Izvo zvakagadzirisa mabhizimusi emabhizimisi eBritish, zvichiita kuti vashandi vekuAmerica vawedzere jitteri.
Musi waOctober 3, Chancellor yeEngland yeEcchequer inonzi market yematengesi eAmerica "inyanzvi yekufungidzira." Musi waOctober 4, Wall Street Journal neThe New York Times vakabvumirana mune zvinyorwa. Munyori weUnited States weChechi yeHurumende Andrew Mellon vakati vatengesi "vakaita sezvinonzi mutengo wekuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza waizoenderera mberi."
Vhepfenyuro varo vakataura zvakakosha kudengenyeka kwemusika wekutengeswa musi waOctober 3, 4 ne16. Izvo zvakaita kuti kusagadzikana kwemashamba.
Musi waOctober 19 ne20, Washington Post yakataura nezvekutengeswa kwezvikwata zvinoshandiswa.
Musi weMuvhuro, Gumiguru 21, mutengesi wakadzoka zvakare. Musi waOctober 22, The New York Times yakapa vatengesi vemagetsi ekurasikirwa kwezuva rakapfuura. Vakatumidza mazita avo vatengesi, kutengesa kwenguva pfupi uye kuparara kwevatengesi vepasi.
Musi waOctober 23, misika yakatengwa. Nyaya yepamusoro yeTime yakadanidzira "Mitengo yeChishose Crash muHeavy Liquidation." IWashington Post yakati, "Huwandu Kutengesa Wave Kunogadzira Pedyo-Panic seSvondo Inokonzera." Mashoko aya anotyisa anopa rubatsiro akabatsira kuisa danho re Black Black. (Imwe: Harold Bierman, Jr, "Kuparara Kwebasa reAgen 1929.")
Black Black and the 1929 Stock Market Crash
| Zuva | Musi | Vhura | Swedera | Percent Change | Nhamba Yezvikamu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black Thursday | Oct 24 | 305.85 | 299.47 | -2% | 12 894 650 |
| Chishanu | Oct 25 | 299.47 | 301.22 | 1% | 6,000,000 |
| Mugovera | Oct 26 | 301.22 | 298.97 | -1% | |
| Black Monday | Oct 28 | 298.97 | 260.64 | -13% | 9,250,000 |
| Chipiri Chipiri | Oct 29 | 260.64 | 230.07 | -12% | 16,410,000 |