Dambudziko Rakavanzwa reInguva Dzakashata
Alan Greenspan Quote
Mutungamiri wekare weState Reserve , Alan Greenspan, akatanga kugadzira mutsara mumutauro we1996 kuAmerican Enterprise Institute.
Mu "Dambudziko reCentral Banking muDemocratic Society," Greenspan akakumbira kuti c entral mabhengi angave sei kana maonero easset akawedzerwa.
"Asi tinoziva sei kuti kusagadzikana kwekusagadzikana kwakanyanyisa kuwedzera maonero ehupfumi, izvo zvadaro zvinozviisa pasi pezvipikiso zvisingafungi uye zvenguva refu sezvavari muJapan kwemakore gumi adarika?" (Mhedziso: "Kutaura kuAmerican Enterprise Institute," Alan Greenspan, December 6, 1996.)
Greenspan akataura kuti purogiramu yakaderera inobhadhara mari yakave yakagadzirisa mari. Izvo zvakakonzera kusava nehanya kune chikamu chevatengesi. Havana kuchengeta njodzi sezvo vaitsvaga zvakare-yakakwirira kudzoka.
Akabva akumbira kana mabhandi makuru aifanira kugadzirisa kusagadzikana kwekusagadzikana nemitemo yemari . Panguva iyoyo, Fed yakanga isingazvifungidziri nemusika wekutengeswa kana kunyange yematengo emasitendi. Asi akacherechedza zvakare, kuti mabhizimisi makuru aifanira kubatanidzwa paanoona kuti mafungiro ekufungidzira ari kutyaira bundu rine ngozi.
Akagumisa kuti kana mushamba wekutengesa kana rimwe boka rezvakanaka rakakanganisa hupfumi, saka mabanki ekumusoro anofanira kubatanidzwa.
Kushandisa kwaGreenspan kwemutsara wekuti "kusagadzikana kwekusagadzikana" kwakatumira misika yemabhizimisi kuputira zuva rinotevera. Vatengesi vaityisa kuti Fed inokwidza kukwidziridzwa kwezvikwereti kuderedza hupfumi.
Robert Shiller Book
Muna 2000, Yale purofesa uye nyanzvi yemari, Robert J. Shiller, akanyora bhuku rakanzi "Irrational Exuberance." Bhuku racho rakave rakakurumbira nokuti rakatsanangura mafungiro ezvemombe dzakaumba tech tech bubble muna 2000. Akafanotaurawo nezvekutsvaga kwemahombekiti emabhizimisi akatungamirira ku2001.
Akasunungura shanduro yechipiri muna 2005. Yakagara ichitaura nezvehumba hwekugara uye kuparara kwakatevera. Shiller yakaratidzawo kuti kudarika kwe2001 kwakagadzira sei dambudziko rezvemari. Sezvo varimi vakarasikirwa nekutendeseka mukudengesa kwemashamba emabhizimisi, vakaisa mari mune zvekugara. Izvi zvakaguma nekusika bhomba ipapo.
Dambudziko
Ngozi yekusagadzikana kwekusaziva ndeyokuti inogadzira mararamiro emhando . Iko yakavanzika nokuti inoratidzika semitengo iri kuwedzera nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakanaka. Asi chero chinhu chinogona kuputika bubble. Somugumisiro, kusuruvara kwemakaro kunotyisa kutyisa apo mazai easset anodzokera kunyika yavo chaiyo-tsika.
Vashandi vanozvitengesa chero zvakakosha, kutumira mitengo pasi pekukosha kwavo kwechokwadi. Kuwisira kuno kunopararira kune dzimwe dzimba dzemari. Pakupedzisira, inogona kuderedza hupfumi hwehupfumi uye kusimbisa kutengesa. Onai Inogona Kuita Iko Stock Market Crash Cause a Recession?
Mienzaniso
Bhuku rekupedzisira rebhoom-bust cycle rakaitika nemafuta emafuta muna 2014. Pashure pokusvika $ 100.14 munaJune, West Texas Pakati pamvura yakasvibirira mafuta yakaderera 15 muzana kune $ 53.45 musi waDecember 26, 2014.
Yaiva musi wekupedzisira wekutengesa wegore ra2014. Izvo zvakabva zvasvika ku $ 38.22 musi waAugust 28, 2015, yakaderera kwegore. Iyi mitengo yakaderera yakatanga kuchinja hupfumi muna 2015. Kunyanya, makambani eUnited States mumakambani emafuta e- shale akaisa vashandi. Gare gare muna 2015, vazhinji vakatanga kutadza kusungira zvisungo zvisiri izvo .
Kuputika kwemafuta emafuta ekuputika kwaive mune chikamu pakupindura kusagadzikana kusina musoro muDhora reAmerica . Vatengesi vakawedzera simba remurairi ne 25 muzana muna 2014 uye 2015. Rakaita kuti vatengesi vatengeswe kunze kwekutengesa kuburikidza nekupa kuwedzera kwemaoko avo pamitengo yavo. Yakawanda yemiti yakagadzirwa yakaputirwa muchetatu yechitatu.
Iyo yakasimba dhora yakaendesawo kukosha kwechiChinese chinonzi Yuan , icho chakange chakavharidzirwa kudhora. Mukupindura, Bhizinesi revanhu reChina rakaderedza huwandu hwechi yuan ne3 muzana munaAugust 2015. Izvozvo zvakakonzera kukanganisa kwemaChina kushambadzira uye kukonzera kushushikana kwehondo dzemari .
Kushamwaridzana kwakashata kwakaitika zvakare nemitengo yegoridhe muna 2011. Nemafaro, haina kupararira kune imwe nyika yezvepfumi.
Izvo zvakaitika pamwe nePainist manotsi zvakare. Mitengo yakasvika pakakwirira muna 2012, ichigadzira zvakaderera zvakanyanya mumakore mazana maviri. Chikumbiro cheHaidurys hachina kuwira kusvikira Fed yatanga kusimudza mitero muna 2015.
Nhengo dzebasa dzakagadzirwa nematokari muna 2013. Mutengo wakasimuka makumi matatu kubva muzana, kubuda kwezvinhu zvakakosha.