I 4 Mazano Akakosha
Nhanho
Bhizinesi rimwe nerimwe rine zvikamu zvina. Icho chiri kukura , chikwekwe, kupesana uye mugwagwa. Hazviitiki nguva dzose. Asi ivo vane zviratidzo zvinozivikanwa.
Kuwedzerwa kuri pakati pegomba uye chikwata.
Ndiko apo hupfumi huri kukura. Gross domestic product , iyo inoyera kubudiswa kwemari, iri kuwedzera. Iko GDP kukura kwehuwandu iri mune hutano hwakanaka 2-3 muzana . Ushaihu hunosvikira pamasikirwo ayo chaiwo e4 kusvika ku05 muzana. Kutengesa kwepfuma kwava pedyo ne2% yezvinangwa . Misika yemabhizimisi iri mumusika wemombe . Nhepfenyuro yakachengetedzwa zvakanaka inogona kuramba iri muchikamu chekuwedzera kwemakore. Izvozvo zvinonzi Goldilocks hupfumi .
Chikamu chokuwedzera chinosvika pakuguma kwayo apo hupfumi hunopisa. Ndiyo apo kuwedzera kweGDP kunopfuura 3%. Kuwedzera kwepamuviri kwakakura kudarika 2 muzana uye kunogona kusvika kuviri inowanikwa. Vatengesi vari mune imwe nzvimbo " yekusagadzikana kwekusarura ." Ndiyo apo pavanoshandisa mabheji emhando .
Nhamba yepamusoro ndiyo chikamu chechipiri. Ndiyo mwedzi apo kuwedzerwa kwekuwedzera kunopinda muchikamu chekudzivirira.
Chikamu chechitatu chikamu. Inotanga pamusoro wepamusoro uye inopera pahova. Kukura kwehupfumi kunowedzera. GDP kukura kunowira pasi pe2 muzana.
Apo rinoshanduka zvisina kunaka, ndizvo izvo vezvematongerwo enyika vanodana kuderera . Misa layoffs inoita hurukuro nhau. Iko kusakosha kwebasa kunotanga kuwedzera. Izvo hazviitike kusvika kumucheto wechikamu chekudzivirira nokuti inoratidza chiratidzo . Mabhizimisi anorindira kuti apiwe vashandi vatsva kusvikira vaine chokwadi chokuti kupera kwemakore kwapera.
Shamba inopinda mumusika webhebhu sezvo vatengesi vanotengesa.
Chidya chikamu chechina. Ndiyo mwedzi apo hupfumi hunochinja kubva pachikamu chekudzivirira kusvika pachikamu chekuwedzera. Ndiko apo hupfumi hunofa pasi. Bhizinesi rezvikwata zvina zvingave zvakanyanya zvokuti zvinonziwo bhoom uye bhiriji . A
Ndiani Anoyera Bhizimisi Rwakawanda?
Dare reNational Bureau re Economic Research rinotanga matanho ekutengeserana kwebhizimisi uchishandisa mazana ekuwedzera kweGDP. Inoshandisawo zvirongwa zvemari zvedzimwe mwedzi, zvakadai sebasa, mari chaiye yekuwana mari , kushandiswa kwemabhizimisi uye kutengeserana kwekutengesa . Zvinotora nguva kuti uongorore deta iyi, saka iyo NBER haina kukuudza chikamu kusvikira mushure mokunge yatanga. Asi iwe unogona kutarisa zviratidzo iwe pachako kuti uone kuti chikamu chei bhizinesi chatiripo iye zvino .
Ndiani Anotungamirira Bhizimisi Rakashandura?
Hurumende inotarisira bhizimisi. Vaiti vezvematongerwo enyika vanoshandisa mutemo wenyika kuti vaite zvekutengeserana. Vanoshandisa hurongwa hwekuwedzera huwandu hwematongerwo enyika pavanenge vachida kugumisa kuderera. Vanofanirwa kushandisa hurongwa hwehupfumi hunoita kuti hupfumi hurege kupisa. Asi izvozvo hazviwanzoitiki. Izvi ndezvokuti vanozobvhota muhofisi pavanokwidza mitero kana kutema mapurogiramu anozivikanwa.
Bhenji iri pakati penyika rinoshandisa mutemo wemari .
Inoderedza huwandu hwezvikwereti kuti upedze kupesana kana mugomba. Izvozvo zvinonzi chirongwa chekuwedzera kwemari. Bhizimusi guru rinomutsa mitero yekugadzira kuwedzera saka haikwanisi. Izvozvo zvinopesana nemitemo yemari .
Chinangwa chezvematongerwe enyika ndechekuchengetedza hupfumi huri kukura pahuwandu hunogara huripo. Inofanira kuva yakasimba zvakakwana kusika mabasa kune umwe neumwe anoda imwe asi inonoka zvakakwana kudzivisa kuwedzera .
Zvinhu zvitatu zvinokonzera chikamu chega chebhizimisi . Iyo ndiyo simba rekupa uye kudiwa , kuwanikwa kwehuwandu uye kuvimba kwevatengi . Chinonyanya kukosha kuvimba mune ramangwana. Upfumi huri kukura kana kune kutenda mune ramangwana uye mune vatevedzeri. Icho chinopesana kana chivimbo chidonha. Ona kuti izvi zvakashanda sei mubhizinesi rimwe nerimwe kubva muna 1929 .
Muenzaniso
Ikudarika kwema2008 kwakange isina kunaka nokuti hupfumi hwakabva hwabvumirana nezvikamu zviviri nezviviri muzana rokutanga ra2008 .
Apo yakaramba ichiwedzera 2 muzana mugore repiri, munhu wose akafunga kuti kudengenyeka kwapera. Asi yakabatanidzwa imwe ye9,9 muzana rechitatu, vasati vachinge vachinaya 8.2 muzana mugore rechina. Vhupfumi vakagamuchira imwe murandire munharaunda yokutanga ya2009 apo yakabvumirana nechisimba 5.4 muzana. Kubata kwehuwandu hwemabasa kwakasimuka kubva pa5,5% munaJanuary kusvika ku7,3 muzana munaDecember.
Chikafu chakaitika munharaunda yechipiri ya2009 , maererano neNBER. GDP yakavhiringidza 0.5 muzana. Ushaiwe hwakasimuka kusvika 9,5 muzana .
Nharaunda yekuwedzera yakatanga mugovera wechitatu ya 2009 apo GDP yakasimuka ne3 muzana. Icho chaiva chikonzero pamari yekusimudzira kubva kuAmerica Recovery uye Reinvestment Act . Dambudziko rekushaya mabasa rakaramba richiwedzera, richikwira 10,0 muzana munaOctober. Makore mana muchikamu chekuwedzera, uwandu hwemabasa hwakanga huchiri pamusoro pe7 muzana. Izvozvo ndezvokuti chikamu chepakisi chakange chakaoma.
Nhamba yepamusoro iyo yakatangira kusunungurwa kwa2008 yakaitika mugore rechitatu rokutanga 2007 . Kuwedzera kweGDP kwaiva 2.7 muzana. Neimwe mienzaniso, ona History of Recessions .