ARRA: Zvinyorwa, Mazano uye Cons

Ndezvipi ARRA Akaita Zvechokwadi?

Mutemo weAmerica Recovery uye Reinvestment Mutemo wegore ra2009 waiva hurumende yakaguma iyo yakagumisa Great Recession . Congress yakagamuchira hurongwa weMutungamiri Obama kuti aise $ 787 mabhiriyoni muhomwe dzevana veAmerica uye mabhizimisi maduku . Izvozvo zvingasimbisa kudiwa uye kuisa chivimbo. Zvaive zvakakosha kutevedza kurongwa hwaMutungamiri Bush , Hurongwa hweAsset Asset Recovery . TARP yakapedzisa dambudziko remari ra2008 kuburikidza nekudzinga mabhanga makuru.

ARRA yakanga ine zvikamu zvinomwe. Heano zvinhu zveumwe neumwe.

1. Rubatsiro rweMhuri

ARRA yakasimudzira kudiwa kuburikidza kutumira $ 260 mabhiriyoni kumhuri. Vakagamuchira mari yacho kuburikidza nemitengo yemitero, mitero yemitero uye kubatsirwa kwebasa. Zvizhinji zvemari zvakapiwa mumakore maviri ekutanga.

• Dhura mitero ne $ 400 kune vanhu uye $ 800 yemhuri kuburikidza nekuderedza kwekuregererwa. Izvozvo zvakavhiringidza vanhu vazhinji avo vaitarisira kuongorora seB bush Tax Cuts .
• Kubhadhara kweimwe $ 250 imwe neimwe kune vanogamuchira Social Security, veterans pension uye Supplemental Security Income (SSI) inobatsira.
• $ 70 mabhiriyoni kuti awedzere Mhando yeMutero Musingani. Congress inowedzera gore negore.
• Kuwedzerwa kukuru kwekwereti yemutero wemwana kune avo vari kushanda varombo uye kukweretwa kwematero ekubhadhara mari kune mhuri dzine vana vatatu.
• I $ 2,500 yekoroji yekorosi yekodhi yemari ye 2009 uye 2010.
• I $ 8,000 mutero wechikwereti yevashandi vokutanga vekumba muna 2009 chete. (Yakabva yawedzerwa kusvika munaEpril 2010.)

• Kubviswa kwekutengesa mutero pamotokari itsva yekutenga kusvika 2009 chete.
• Kubatsirwa kwebasa kwakawedzerwa kune mamwe mavhiki 33.
• Kuregererwa kwemitero kune $ 2 400 yekutanga yekusabatsirana kwemabasa kuburikidza ne 2009.

2. Kugadzirisa Federal Infrastructure

ARRA yakagadzirawo mabasa kuburikidza nekubhadhara mapuranga-akagadzirira mabasa ehurumende.

Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kukosha yekuumba mabasa. Bhiriyoni rimwe remadhora emari rakashandiswa pamabasa evanhu rakagadzira 19,975 mabasa maererano neMass / Amherst kudzidza .

• $ 46 mabhiriyoni zvekutakura uye kuendesa mberi kwemishonga.
• $ 31 biliyoni kusvika pakugadzirisa zvivako zvehurumende.
• $ 6 bhiriyoni mumigodhi yemvura.

3. Kuwedzera Mamwe Mamwe Masimba Kugadzirwa

Iyi mari inosvika-yakatanga shanduro yeimwe simba muAmerica. Yakaratidza kuti hurumende yehurumende yakatsigira simba rakachena.

• $ 17 biliyoni muzvekugadziriswa simba musero mitsara.
• $ 5 biliyoni kuitira kuti dzigadzirise misha.

4. Wedzera Health Care

Ichi chikamu chakatsigira hutano hutano huripo huripo hunoita. Yakatangawo kugadzirisa zvinyorwa zvemishonga. Izvo zvakagadzirisa kushandiswa kwehutano hwehutano hwehutano, hwakadai sekuedzwa, pakati pechiremba. Zvinyorwa zvezvemishonga zvekombiyuta zvakabatsira Bhuku rinotengeswa Care Act . Hezvino izvo ARRA akapedza pahutano hwehutano.

• $ 24 bhiriyoni kuti vatsigire 65 muzana yemarangiro emakambani eCOBRA kwemwedzi gumi nematanhatu kuitira kuti vashandise vashandi.
• $ 87 biliyoni inofanana nemari yemakore maviri kubatsira nyika inobhadhara mari inowedzera Medicaid iyo inowanzoitika mumatambudziko .
• $ 10 mabhiriyoni kusvika kuNational Institute for Health.
• $ 17 mabhiriyoni kusvika pakugadzirisa hutano hwehutano hwemagetsi ehutano.

5. Kuvandudza Dzidzo

Mari yekushandisa dzidzo ndiyo nzira yechipiri yakanakisisa yokugadzira mabasa, maererano neMass yekuongorora. Chiriyoni chimwe chete muhurumende yekushandisa mari inogadzira mabasa 17 687. Hezvino izvo ARRA akapedza padzidzo.

• $ 54 mabhiriyoni kusvika kumaruwa ezvidzidzo uye vanoti inofanira kubhadhara mudzidzisi wemari uye mapurogiramu ezedzidzo.
• $ 21 biliyoni kuitira chikoro nzvimbo yekuvandudza nekuvaka.
• $ 17 mabhiriyoni kuti awedzere Pell Grants kuburikidza nekuwedzera kwepamusoro kusvika $ 5,350 muna 2009 uye $ 5,550 muna 2010.
• $ 13 biliyoni zveMusoro Start.
• $ 12 mabhiriyoni ehurongwa hwakakosha, kusanganisira basa rekudzidzisa kune avo vane hurema.

6. Kuisa muScience Research and Technology

Mari yekushandiswa kwehupfumi inharaunda mumaruwa yakabatsirawo kuisa nzira yekodhi yemabhuku ehutano anodiwa kuAACA.

• $ 10 mabhiriyoni kuti awedzere masayenzi ezvesayenzi uye mari yekutsvakurudza mabasa inotsvakurudza zvirwere zvirwere.

• $ 4 biliyoni kuti iwedzere ruzivo rwehupfumi huzhinji mumaruwa uye mukati meguta. Izvozvo zvakaita kuti mabhizinesi avo ave okukwikwidza.
• $ 4 biliyoni yefisikiti nekutsvakurudza kwesayenzi.

7. Batsira Mabhizimisi Maduku

Mabhizimisi maduku anotakura 70 kubva muzana emabasa ose matsva. ARRA yakapa $ 54 mabhiriyoni kuti ibatsire mabhizimisi maduku nekutambiswa kwemitero, zvikwereti uye kuvimbiswa kwemari. Izvi zvaisanganisira:

• Kuwedzerwa kuderedzwa kwekugadzirwa kwemichina nemichina, kusanganisira SUVs, kusvika ku $ 240,000.
• Kubvumira kuderedzwa kwakadzama kwekuderera kwe 2008.
• Kutenga mari inowana mitsara kune vashandi vepamabhizimisi vashoma vanochengeta zvayo kwemakore anopfuura mashanu.
• Mvumo yemitero yemabhizimisi mashomanana anobhadhara vashandi venguva refu vasingashandi kana vadzidzi.
• Kuwedzerwa chirongwa chechikwereti cheSBA kune 90 muzana mu 7 (a) purogiramu yechikwereti.
• Kuchenesa mari yekubhadhara mari 504 zvekukweretwa kwemari.
• Muna FY 2011 bhajeti, imwezve $ 64 mabhiriyoni mumutambo wekusimudzira yakapiwa kuwedzera zvirongwa zvakawanda zveARA. Yakawedzera mvumo yemitero yemari ipi zvayo itsva, uye kuwedzera mamiriyoni emari ekubhadhara mari yeBusiness Business kubva kubva pamadhora mazana matatu kusvika ku $ 5 mamiriyoni.

(Source: "Stimulus Package pa Track for Votes Final," Associated Press, February 12, 2009. "Vanoita Dare Drop Broadband Tax Credit," Bloomberg, February 13, 2009. "Iyo Inowedzera Sei," The Wall Street Journal, February 15 , 2009.)

Pros uye Cons of ARRA

IAmerican Recovery and Reinvestment Act yakanga ine chimwe chinhu kune vose. Asi zvaive zvakaoma zvikuru. Vanhu vazhinji vakanga vasina chokwadi kana ivo, chaizvoizvo, vakagamuchira kubhadhara mutero. Purogiramu yakaratidza kuti vamwe vakawanda vaifunga kuti mitero yavo yawedzera pane kuderera.

Mabhizimisi maduku akanyunyuta kuti kubhadhara chikwereti uye kubhadhara mitero hazvina kuvabatsira. Ndizvo nokuti mirairo yakanga isingauyi.

Vamwe vakatsoropodza kukoshesa dzidzo kana kubatsira mhuri dzisina mari. Vamwe vanoti kuwedzera kwehupfumi hwemabasa kwakabvisa chikonzero chekutsvaka basa.

Asi kubudirira kweRARA kuri mumatare. Dzimba rakapera munaJuly 2009, mwedzi mishanu mushure mekunge Congress yapfuura Mutemo. Kukura kwehupfumi kwakabva kwavandudzwa. Yakaparadzira 1,3 muzana muna Q3 2009 mushure mokunge ichikwira 5.4 muzana muna Q1 2009. Mumwedzi 18 yekutanga pashure pokunge ARRA yapfuura, hupfumi hwakawedzera mamiriyoni emamiriyoni ega ega uye mamiriyoni 1,7 emabasa emhurumende. Izvo zvakanga zviri mushure mokurasika mabasa anopfuura 500 000 pamwedzi panguva yekuderera.