TARP Bailout Program

TARP yakakubatsira Iwe kana mabhanki?

Dhipatimendi reRubatsiro rweAsset Asset raiva $ 700 biliyoni bhailout . Musi waOctober 3, 2008, Congress yakaibvumira kuburikidza neMutemo weEmergency Economic Stabilization Act muna 2008 . Iro yakabvumira Dhipatimendi reUnited States reMariki kuti ipe mari mumabhangi enyika kuti ichengetedze iite. Congress yakabvumira $ 350 mabhiriyoni kuti ishandiswe muna 2008. Mutungamiri Obama akasarudza kusashandisa mari inosvika $ 350 bhiriyoni. TARP yakapera musi waOctober 3, 2010.

Dhipatimendi reMariki yakashandisa TARP mari yekuisa mari, kubhadhara zvikwereti, uye kuvimbisa zvinhu. Mukutsinhanisa, yakatenga zvigaro kana zvibvumirano kubva pakundikana mabhanga uye mamwe makambani. Izvozvo zvakachengetedza mari yemari inoshanda. Kutarisa mumatambudziko emari muna 2007 kunoratidza kuti chikwata chakagadzira sei dambudziko rekushaya mari.

Musi waOctober 14, 2008, Dhipatimendi reMariki rakashandisa $ 105 mabhiriyoni mumari yeTARP kuti ipe Purogiramu yeRudzi Rwekutanga. Hurumende yeUnited States yakatenga mabhizimusi aidiwa mumabhanga masere. Vaiva Bank of America / Merrill Lynch, Bank of New York Mellon , Citigroup, Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan, Morgan Stanley , State Street , uye Wells Fargo.

Purogiramu yaida mabhizinesi kuti ape hurumende chikamu chepakati pe5 muzana iyo yaizowedzera kusvika 9 kubva muzana muna 2013. Izvo zvakakurudzira mabhanki kuti adzorere mari mukati memakore mashanu. Munyori weHurumende Munyori Hank Paulson aiziva hurumende yaizoita purogiramu nokuti mutengo wekugoverwa kwebhangi yaizokwira muna 2013.

Dhipatimendi reMariki zvakare yakashandisa mari yeTARP kuti inotenga mari yakasarudzwa kana kuti inokwereta kune mamwe mapoka mana.

1. AIG ($ 40 biliyoni).
2. Community bank ($ 92 biliyoni).
3. Makuru matatu makuru emakambani ($ 80.7 billion) .
4. Citigroup uye Bank of America ($ 45 mabhiriyoni).

Dhipatimendi reMari yeHaimari yakapa mari yebhiriyoni 20 yeTARP mari yeAprily-Backed Securities Loan Facility.

Iko chirongwa cheTALF chaitungamirirwa neFederal Reserve .

Mutungamiri Obama aida kubhadhara mabhengi kubhadhara vateresi mari ye $ 120 mabhiriyoni kusvika $ 141 mabhiriyoni aifunga kuti vaizorasikirwa neTARP. Obama akaronga kubhadhara mutero wemakore gumi pamabhandi emabasa echeki, sekutengeserana. Akanga asingadi kubhadhara mabhizimisi ekutengesa mabasa nokuti aizotapurirwa kune vatengi semitengo yakakwirira. Zvaakafunga hazvina kupfuura. Pane kudaro, Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act yakagadzirisa chikamu chemari yakabvumirwa pasi peTARP kusvika $ 475 mabhiriyoni.

Inguva yakawanda TARP Imari Vatengi vemutero

Mugore ra2009 , hurumende yakashandisa $ 150 mabhiriyoni kuti inunure mabhenji anotambudzika .

MunaMeyi 2009, Bernanke akati migumisiro yebhangi ye "bank stress tests" yakakurudzira. Iyi miedzo yakawana kuti mapfumbamwe makuru enyika 19 ehurumende aisada kuwedzera mamwe mari. Vakanga vasisati vadikanwa kugadzirisa ramangwana kunyora-pasi kwehutu hwekutengesa mari . Dzimwe mabhengi aida kudzorera hurumende mari yavakakwereta kuburikidza neTARP gore rakapera. Kuongorora kwepfungwa kwakatsigira kuti Capital One, US Bancorp, uye BB & T vakanga vane utano hwakakwana zvokuti vatengese zvikamu kuti vadzorere mari yeTARP. Goldman Sachs akanga atozvipira kubhadhara $ 5 bhiriyoni yakakwereta.

Mabhandi maviri, Bank of America uye Wells Fargo, ndivo vaitakura chikamu chetatu chemadhora mabhiriyoni makumi matatu nemadhora mabhiriyoni aidiwa kusimudzwa. MuMay 11, 2009, Bloomberg, "Bernanke Yakurudzirwa neBanon Plans," Bernanke aiva netariro. Wells Fargo akakurumidza kusimudza $ 8.6 ye $ 13.7 mabhiriyoni zvaidiwa.

Muna FY 2010 , mabhengi akabhadhara $ 110 mabhiriyoni uye imwe $ 38 biliyoni muna FY 2011 . TARP yakapa zvakasara kubhadharo mumakore iwayo maviri sezvo mabhanga aibhadhara mari yekubhadhara.

Muna FY 2012, $ 35 mabhiriyoni emari yeTARP akaenda kumapurogiramu ekubatsira vabatsiri vekumba kugadzirisa zvikwereti zvekare uye kudzivisa kudziviswa. Ichi chaive chikamu cheImba Affordable Modification Program. Muna FY 2013, TARP yakaronga $ 12 biliyoni yeHAMP.

Kubva munaMay 2016, mabhanga akanga abhadhara hurumende kumashure. Pose, $ 250.46 mabhiriyoni muTARP mari yakanga yakagadzirirwa kubatsira mabhanji 700.

Kubva ipapo, $ 165.33 mabhiriyoni akaenda kumahombekombe makuru, ane mari ye $ 10 mabhiriyoni kana kupfuura. Imwe mabhiriyoni 14,57 mabhiriyoni akaenda kumabhanga maduku. Vakasara vakaenda kunotora Citigroup uye Bank of America.

Mahombekombe makuru akabhadhara madhora 179.51 mabhiriyoni mutungamiri uye nharaunda. Mabhenji maduku akadzoka $ 13.94 mabhiriyoni, sezvo vazhinji vavo vakaparara pasinei nekubatsirwa. Citigroup uye Bank of America vakadzoka $ 81.59 mabhiriyoni. Zvose zvakataurwa, mabhenji akabhadhara $ 275.04 mabhiriyoni, achigadzira $ 25 mabhiriyoni purofiti .

Sei Chikonzero chekutanga cheTARP chakanga chisina kukwana

Munyori wePaul Paulson wepakutanga aive kuisa TARP kumusoro sechinhu chinoshandiswa kushandiswa. Mabhengi aizotumira mabhizimusi emari pamabhadharo avo akaipa kuDhipatimendi reMari. Vafumi vehurumende vanogona kusarudza mutengo wakaderera wakapiwa.

Dambudziko nderokuti mabhange akanga asingadi kutora kurasikirwa, saka vaida kuti Dhipatimendi reMariki ribhadhe mutengo wakakwana wezvinhu izvi. Hurumende yaiziva kuti inokosha zvakanyanya. Vakanga vari kure zvakanyanya pamatengo ayo auction yaizoshanda. Paulson akafukidzira hurongwa.

Mabhizimusi eEurope uye eJapan ainyanya kuisa mari mumakambani avo. Paulson akatanga sangano reGreat Repurchase Program, achishandisa TARP mari, kuti aenderane neurongwa hwavo.

Mabhangi Akavhara TARP Program yeVanhomba

Imba inoshandiswa Refinance Program inofanira kunge yakabatsira kusimudzira misika yemusha. Iro yaibvumira vagari vembairo vakakodzera vanobhadhara chikwereti avo vakanga vakaderedzwa mumisha yavo kuti vatsigire nechepasi rekutengesa mari . Zvaizove zvakaputira mabhiriyoni muhupfumi uye zvakabatsira 2 mamiriyoni eimba. Kana ikawedzerwa, ingadai yakabatsira vose vane mamiriyoni makumi maviri nemashanu vanogara pasi vachitarisana nemari yavo. Sei zvisingashandisi? Mabhandi ainge akanganisa zvikuru njodzi.

I Obama inotungamirira HARP munaEpril 2009, asi varimi veimba 810 000 chete vakabatsirwa. Pakati pavo, 57 571 chete ndivo vaipfuura 5 muzana. Vamwe vose vaiva nehutano hwakakwirira. Mabhanki cherry-akatora vatori vemhosva uye akaramba kurangarira avo vane kuenzana kwakaderera. Aya ndiwo mabheji aya akapa zvikwereti kuna ani zvake makore mashoma apfuura.

Pakanga pasina ngozi kune mabhangi, sezvo zvikwereti izvi zvose zvakavimbiswa naFannie Mae kana Freddie Mac . Mabhangi akanga asingadi kuomerwa nemapepanhau anobatanidzwa nevatenzi vepamba vane mortgage inshuwarisi . Izvozvo, zvechokwadi, zvakashandirwa kune wese munhu ane pasi pe20 muzana zvakaenzana.

Mapepa mapepa, " A Retrospective yeHuman Trouble Asset Relief Program ," naKatalina Bianco inopa huwandu hwakawanda paTARP.