Chii chaiva Bhengi Bailout Bill?

Mutengo, Chiitiko, Kwakaipfuura

Seneti yakapfuura mari ye $ 700 biliyoni bhailout musangano musi waOctober 3, 2008. Mhemberero yemutemo uyu yaive yakafanana nepeji yemapeji matatu yakatumirwa musi waSeptember 21, 2008 neChinyorwa cheNhepfenyuro Henry Paulson .

Paulson akakumbira Congress kuti vabvumire bhairingi ye $ 700 mabhiriyoni kuti vatenge zvikwereti zvinotsigirwa zvekubhadhara zvaive pangozi yekuregererwa. Nokuita kudaro, Paulson aida kutora madhora aya kubva mabhuku eibhangi, mari yehuta , uye mari yepensheni yakavabata.

Chinangwa chaiva chekuvandudza kuvimba mukushanda kwenyika yose yebhange, iyo yakanga isina kudzivisa kugwa.

Mutemo uyu wakagadzira Hurongwa hweRubatsiro rweAsset Assets . Mabhiriki ane dambudziko aiva nekodzero yekupa mutengo wekutsvaga kutengesa zvinhu zvavo kuTARP sechikamu chekutsvaga kushandiswa. Shanduro imwe neimwe yaifanira kuva yeasset class. TARP vatungamiri vangasarudza mutengo wakaderera pane imwe yega yega yeklasi. Icho chaiva chokubatsira kusimbisa kuti hurumende haina kubhadhara zvakanyanya nokuda kwezvinhu zvakaora mwoyo. Asi izvi hazvina kuguma zvichiitika. Zvakatora nguva yakareba kuti iwedze purogiramu ye-auction. Saka panzvimbo iyo, Treasury yakapa madhora mabhiriyoni 115 mabhengi kuburikidza nekutenga mashizha aidiwa .

Bhuku reBailout Bill Ribatsira Kuwedzera Kuda Mabhanki Chete

Congress yakanamatira kune dzimwe nyika dzinodiwa zvikuru. Somugumisiro, mutemo uyu wakabatanidza rubatsiro kune vimba veimba vanotarisana nekufananidzira . Iko yaida kuti Dhipatimendi reMariki ipe mbiri yekubhadhara mari uye kubatsira vagari vomunharaunda mukugadzirisa mazwi ekubhadhara mari kuburikidza neHOPE NOW.

Yakawedzerwa Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation iyo inokonzera kubhadhara mabhizimisi kusvika ku $ 250,000 pamabhuku. Iro yakabvumira FDIC kutora mari yehurumende sezvaidiwa kuburikidza negore ra2009. Izvozvo zvakabvisa chero kutya kwekuti sangano pacharo rinogona kuparara.

Mutemo wacho wakabvumira kuti Securities uye Exchange Commission dzisimudze mutemo -ku-mutengo .

Uyu mutemo wakamanikidza mabhangi kuchengetedza matanho ezvitoro anokosha mumazuva ano. Izvi zvaireva kuti zvikwereti zvakaipa zvaifanira kuyerwa zvishoma pane zvingangodaro zvaikosha. Izvi zvikwereti hazvikwanise kutorwazve mumamiriro ekutya anotya muna 2008.

Bhiri iri rine mamwe $ 150 mabhiriyoni mumitambo yekubhadhara kuti iparadzwe mumakore anopfuura gumi. Izvi zvaisanganisira kuwedzerwa kweAinative Minimum Tax "patch," zvikwereti zvemitero zvekutsvakurudza nekusimudzirwa uye kubatsirwa kwevanopona mhepo. Svondo yeSeneti yakapa chirongwa chebhailout hupenyu hutsva pamwe chete nemitambo yemitero.

Bhuku reBailout Bill raipfuura sei

Munyori wePaul Paulson akaendesa mari yebhailout kuImba yeVamiririri musi waSeptember 21, 2008. Asi vazhinji muCongress vakafunga kuti kwaiva kumanikidza vateresi kuti vawane mubayiro wekusarudza mabhengi akaipa. Imba yakavhota pamusoro paSeptember 29, 2008. Dow yakawira 770 nhamba uye misika yepasi rose yakaderera.

Senate yakadzosa zvakare kudai nekuiisa pamutemo waive uchitarirwa. Iri rutivi rwakapinda Imba yeVamiririri , iyo inofanirwa kuunza chero mari yekubhadhara mari. Imba yacho yakagamuchirwa iyo svondo musi waOctober 3, 2008. Mutungamiri Bush akasayina Mutemo weEmergency Economic Stabilization Act wa2008 kuva mutemo maawa mashoma.

EESA yakachengetedza zvitanhatu zvezvikamu zvakawedzerwa neImba:

1. Komiti yekutarisira yekudzokorora kukosha kweHurumende uye kutengeswa kwezvikwereti. Dare racho rakavakwa neState Reserve Reserve, Ben Bernanke , uye vatungamiri veS SEC , Federal Home Finance Agency neHUD.
2. Zvikamu zvebhailout, kutanga ne $ 250 biliyoni.
3. Iko kukwanisa kweHaimari kuti inotaurirana nehurumende yekutengesa danda mumakambani akawana rubatsiro rwekubhadhara.
4. Zvikwereti pamusoro pekubhadhara kukuru kwemakambani anununurwa. Kunyanya, makambani aisagona kukwanisa kubhadhara mari yekubhadhara mari inopfuura $ 500,000.
5. Hurumende-inotsigirwa inshuwarisi yehupfumi mumakambani anotambudzika.
6. Chinodiwa kuti mutungamiri ataure mutemo kuti awanezve kurasikirwa kubva mune zvemari yezvemari kana pane imwe nguva ichiripo shure kwemakore mashanu. (Zvinyorwa: "Kubhadhara Bill Summary," Senate Banking Committee. "Batsira Bill Rutsigiro," CNNMoney, September 28, 2008.)

Chikonzero nei Bhiri reBailout raida

Vashandi vemabhizimisi uye mabhizimisi vakaita kuti kubhadhara mari yavo pavakadhonza $ 140 mabhiriyoni kubva mumari yemari yemari. Vakanga vachifambisa mari kune mari yeHaimari , zvichiita kuti zvikwereti zvisike ku zero. Marikiti yemari yemari yakanga yave ichionekwa seimwe yemari yakachengetedzwa yakachengeteka.

Kuti vadzivise kutya, US Department of Treasury Department yakabvuma kuvhara mari yemusika mari kwegore. I SEC inorambidzwa kushambadzira mari shoma shoma kusvika muna Gumiguru 2 kuderedza kusagadzikana mumusika wekutengesa. MunaSeptember 2008, Reserve Reserve Primary Fund yakaputsa bhanga uye yakaita kuti mari yemusika iitwe .

Hurumende yeUnited States yakatenga mabheji aya akaipa nokuti mabhanga aitya kukweretesa kune mumwe nomumwe. Izvo kutya kwakaita kuti LIBOR maitiro ave akakwirira kudarika kudyidzana kwemari . Yakatumirawo kutengesa mitengo yezvikwata. Makambani ezvemari haana kukwanisa kutengesa chikwereti chavo. Pasina kodzero yekusimudza mari , makambani aya aive pangozi yekuenda kubhadhara. Ndizvo zvakaitika kuna Lehman Brothers. Zvingave zvakaitika kuAIG ne Bear Stearns pasina hurumende inopindira.

Congress yakaitirana nharo pamusoro pezvakawanda uye zvinotyisa zvekupindira kwakadaro. Vatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika vaida kudzivirira muteresi. Vakatadzawo kurega mabhizimisi kubva pachigadziko chekuita zvisarudzo zvakaipa. Vazhinji muCongress vakaziva kukosha kwekuita nekukurumidza kuti vasapedzisira vawedzerwa kushaya mari. Ne mabhangi anotya kuzarura chikwereti chavo chakashata , chakava chiitiko chekutya kudyisa pakutya. Izvozvo zvingadai zvakatungamirira kuderedzwa mumatokari avo, ipapo kusvika pakuderera mumatengo avo. Vangadai vasina kukwanisa kusimudza mari. Vaizove vaenda. Mhepfenyuro uye kutyisa kunotyisa kwakavhara misika yemarikiti.

Mubhadhati akanga asina kumbobhadhara $ 700 mabhiriyoni. Chokutanga, Congress yakagamuchira $ 350 bhiriyoni kuti ibudiswe muna 2008. Imwe hafu yakaponeswa kumutungamiri mutsva paakazoshanda muhurumende muna 2009. Obama haana kushandisa mari yeTARP kune mamwe mabhizinesi ebhengi. Pane kudaro, akatanga $ 787 mabhiriyoni Economic Stimulus Package .

Chechipiri, hurumende yakatenga mabhizimisi emabhangi apo iyo mitengo yakanga yakaora mwoyo. Yakavatengesa gare gare, apo matengo akanga akakwirira. Pakazosvika gore ra2012, mabhengi akabhadhara $ 292 mabhiriyoni eTARP mari. Izvo zvakasara chete $ 120 mabhiriyoni zvichiri pachena. Iyi mari yakashandiswa purogiramu yeHARP kubatsira varidzi vemunharaunda vachitarisana nekugadzwa.

Chechitatu, mutemo unoda mutungamiri kuti ape urongwa hwokuwanazve kurasikirwa kubva kumabhizimisi emari kana zvichidiwa.

Izvi zvinyorwa zvinotsanangura zviitiko zvakakonzera kudambudziko: Financial Crisis Timeline , Zvingaita here kuti Mortgage Crisis uye Bailout Zvidzivirire? , uye Chii chaiva Global Global Crisis ya2008?

Alternatives

Apo bhiri racho rakatangwa, vazhinji vezvematongerwo enyika vaida kuchengetedza mubhadharo $ 700 mabhiriyoni. Heano nhaurirano yevakawanda vavo uye zvavanogona kuita.

Tenga zvikwereti - 2008 Mutungamiri wehurumende yepurezidhendi John McCain akarayira kuti hurumende inotenga madhora mabhiriyoni mazana matatu emadhorobha kubva kuvimba vedzimba dzaive pangozi yekufungidzira. Izvozvo zvingadaro zvakaderedza huwandu hwehupfumi hwehupfumi pamabhanki 'mabheji. Izvo zvingadai zvakabatsira kubatsira kusimuka kwekutengesa kwemari kuburikidza nekuderedza matanho. Asi hazvina kugadzirisa dambudziko rekwereti. Dambudziko racho rakakonzerwa nemabhangi achitya kukweretesa kune mumwe nemumwe uye nokudaro kubhadhara mari.

Dhura mitero yemabhangi - Mukurwisana nebhailout, Republican Yokudzidza Komiti yakaronga kusimiridzira mutero wekubhadhara mari kwemakore maviri. Izvozvo zvingadai zvakabvumira mabhengi kutengesa zvinhu pasina kutererwa. Asi chaiva kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvaive nyaya, kwete kuwana. RSC yaida kuchinja Fannie Mae naFreddie Mac kumakambani ega. Vakasarudzawo kugadzirisa dhora. Hapana yevaya vakanyorera dambudziko rekwereti.

Kune rumwe rutivi, rSC inoronga kusimudzira maranho-ku-kutengeserana kwemari inogona kuderedza bhangi kunyora-pasi kwezvinhu nokukurumidza. IUnited States Financial Accounting Standards Board yakaderedza mutemo muna 2009.

Usaita chinhu - Vakawanda vakaratidza kungoita kuti misika ishande nzira yavo. Muchiitiko ichocho, mabhizimusi pasi rose angangodaro akavharwa nekuda kwekushaiwa chikwereti. Izvozvo zvingadai zvakasimbisa kudengenyeka kwenyika yose. Kushayiwa kwemabasa kwakakura kungave kwakakonzera kukakavara.