Bush Bush Cuts Cuts: Pavanenge Vapera, uye Zvavakaita Pfuma

by Kimberly Amadeo

Mitsara miviri yemitero yeTo Rich inokubata Iwe nhasi

Bhuku reBush rakagadziriswa mabhuku maviri emitemo yakashandurwa apo Mutungamiri Bush aibvumidza munguva yake. Congress yakagadza mitero yemitero kumhuri muna 2001 uye vatengesi muna 2003. Vaizofanirwa kupera pakupera kwegore ra2010. Pane kudaro, Congress yakavaendesa kwemamwe makore maviri. Somugumisiro, iyo yaiva nyaya huru mumushandirapamwe wegore ra2012 . Vadzidzi vakakavhiringidza kana Congress inofanira kuenderera mberi kune avo vanoita $ 250,000 kana kupfuura. Kukohwa kwemitero kwakawedzerwa nekusingaperi sechikamu chebvumirano chekudzivisa nzvimbo yemari.

Mutungamiri Bush akagonesawo mari yeUnited States yeHurumende kuti atumire kubhadharwa kwemutero kamwe chete muna 2008. Zvaisakundikana mukudzivirira dambudziko rezvemari .

01 EGTRRA Inowanikwa Imwe Mitengo - 2001

Muna 2001, Mutungamiri George Bush akabvumira mutero wakadamwa wainzi Economic Growth uye Tax Relief Reconciliation Act ya2001. EGTRRA yakagadzirisa hupfumi munguva yekutengesa kwenyika muna 2001. Yakaponesa vateresi asi yakawedzera chikwereti ne $ 1.35 trillion pamakore gumi. Imwe Urban Institute yakati mitambo yemitero yakabatsira mhuri dzine vana. Yakabatsirawo avo vane mari inopfuura $ 200,000.

02 JGTRRA Business Investment Tax Cut - 2003

Muna 2003, Mutungamiri Bush akabvumira basa uye Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act. Yakaderedza mitero yemitengo pamazuva mazhinji ehomwe huru uye zvikamu kune 15 muzana. Yakawedzerwa kutengesa mutero kumabhizimisi maduku . JGTRRA yakakurumidza kuwedzera zvirongwa zvakawanda muEGTRRA zvaitora nguva refu.

03 Kubhadhara Mutero Mutengo - 2008

Congress yakagamuchira $ 168 mabhiriyoni Bhurosi rebhadharo yemutero kutanga kwegore ra2008. Munhu wese akawana rubatsiro rwemari pamari yekutanga ye $ 6,000 yemari inotengeswa kune vanhu uye yekutanga $ 12,000 yemari yevakaroorana. Vanhu vakagamuchira cheki mune tsamba.

Iko-yekare yakagadziriswa yakanga iri zvishoma kudarika 1 muzana yezvakawanda zvemugadzirwa wepamba . Izvozvo zvinofanira kunge zvakakwanira kuwedzera kukura kwehupfumi ne $ 1.19 yebhadharo rega rega rakashandiswa. Zvinosuruvarisa, nenguva iyo cheke yakabuda, Lehman Brothers vakange vawa. Kubhadhara mari yaFannie Mae, Freddie Mac uye AIG vakaparadza kuvimba munyika yose yebhange. Yakarambidza chero chinhu chakanaka chekubhadhara kwemitero kuburikidza nekuputira hupfumi hweUnited States kusvika kumativi mashanu ekuderera.

04 Mid-Term Elections - 2010

Kushungurudzika pamusoro peMutungamiri Obama wekutsvaga kwehupfumi kwakatungamirira kuruzhinji rweRepublican Tea Party . Yakapesana chero kuwedzera kwemitero. Obama ainge apikira kubvumira mutero weBush uchatsvaga kupera kune avo vanoita kudarika $ 200,000 pagore. Vati Tea Party vanoti izvi zvingavhiringidza kusikwa kwebasa kuburikidza nekukuvadza vadzimai vebhizimisi vaduku vanovaka 60 muzana yemabasa ose matsva.

Ive pakati pegore ra2010 sarudzo dzakaita svondo reRwandaan muHarare. Izvi zvakatsamwiswa muhutano zvaireva kuti mabhanga emitero yeBush angagamuchirwa neavo -duck Congress gore risati rasvika.

05 Nei Kubhadhara Mutero Wemitero Usati Wambopera

Congress yakaronga mutero weBush unotsvaira kupera muna 2010 kutevera mutemo we Byrd. Inorambidza chero mutemo wemitero kuti uwedzere kukanganisa kudarika makore gumi.

Asi Congress yakatarisana necheperi yapfuura. I IRS yaifanira kubhadhara mutero wayo wekutora mari ya2011 pakati peDecember 2010. Icho chaive gore remakore rekusarudza. Hapana Nhengo yeCongressman yaida kuisa pangozizve musarudzo kuburikidza nekuvhota pamusoro pekuwedzera.

Congress neMutungamiri Obama vakabvumidza kushandiswa kwemakore maviri, kunyange zvazvo Mutungamiri akarwisana nekuwedzerwa kwevateresi vane pfuma. Mari inosvika $ 858 bhiriyoni inotambirwa mitero yebhadharo ye 2 muzana. Yakawedzerawo chikoro chekoroji yekodhi yemari uye yakamutsidzira mutero weimba.

EGTTRA inofanira kunge yakapera muna 2011. Asi hupfumi hwakanga huri kutambura kuti hudzoke kubva pakuderera kwakanyanya kudarika Kubva Kudenga Kukuru . Muna 2012, Mutungamiri Obama akasayina Mutemo weAmerica Relief Relief Act wegore ra2012. Wakachengetedza 82 kubva muzana yeBhit bush kukohwa.

06 Kubhadhara Kwemitero Kunowedzera Mudhaka Kusina Kuwedzera Kukura

Tax Policy Center inofungidzira kuti kubhadhara mutero kwakasimudza mitero inotevera mushure mekupedzisira 1 muzana yemhuri ne6,7 muzana. Vakangowedzera zvikamu zvepakati pepakati nezvikamu 2,8 kubva muzana. Pasi 20 muzana vakaona mari yavo inotora mitero ichikwira ne1% chete. Kutsvakurudza hakuratidzi humwe uchapupu hwokuti kukonzerwa kwemitero kunobatsira pamari yekushandisa mari yekubhadhara vateresi. Dhipatimendi reMariki inofungidzira kuti mabhizimusi eBhitrus achangowedzera chete kukura kukura kwakakwana kuita 10 muzana ye kurasikirwa kwemari.

ICent in Budget uye Priorities Policy yakatora kuti mabhanga emitengo yeBush yaiwedzera $ 5.6 triliyoni kubva pakupera kwegore kusvika muna 2018. Izvo zvinoda kusvika 25 kubva muzana zvekodzero yemutero inowanikwa muna 2018.

07 Inyanzvi Inobhadhara Mitero Yemutero Inopa-Side Economics

Mutungamiri Ronald Reagan akanga ari mubatsiri wekubatsira-side economics. (Mufananidzo: The White House).

Kutengesa mitero inzira iri nyore uye inokurumidza yekukurudzira hupfumi kuburikidza nekuisa mari yakawanda zvakananga kune vanobhadhara maoko. Vatsigiri vanopesana kuti zvose zvinokonzerwa nemitero zvinowedzera kubhadhara kushandiswa kwemari zvakakwana kuti zvive zvekurasikirwa kwemari. Izvi ndizvo zvinoreva kuti vatengi nemabhizimisi vanopedza zvakakwana zvekutengesa mutero kuwedzera kudiwa nekuita mabasa . Izvo zvinoita kuti hurumende iwedzere huwandu hunoti mari yemutero inokura pakupedzisira.

Dzidziso yacho haisati ichitarisa kushandiswa kwehurumende . Asi zvinoratidzika kuti zvinonzwisisika kuti zvakafanana zvinogona kuitika nehuwandu hwemari yekushandisa. Inogona kuisa mari yakafanana mumari.

08 The Curffer Curve Inotsigira Kutsigira-Maonero Ezvokutengeserana

The Laffer Curve (Mufananidzo: Arthur Laffer).

Muna 1979, nyanzvi yemari Arthur Laffer akasika Laffer Curve. Icho chirevo chekushambadzira-side economics. Iyo mhete inorondedzera kuti kutengesa mutero kune hutano huri hurumende . Yokutanga i "arithmetic" iyo inoita kuti kurasikirwa kwero kwemaferensi kuve pakarepo. Chechipiri "urombo" ndiyo nguva refu. Nokufamba kwenguva, vatengi vachapedza mari yavo yekutora. Izvi zvichaita kuti zviwedzere kudiwa nekuwedzera kwebhizimisi. Pakupedzisira, izvi zvinotsiva mari yakarasika.

Asi nokuda kwekucheka kwemitero kuti izvi zvive nemigumisiro, mitero isati yatorwa inofanira kunge iri mu "mararamiro anorambidzwa" pamakona. Kana mitero ichinge yakaderera pane iyo yakatarwa, ipapo ivo vachava ne "arithmetic" chaiyo.