Chinyorwa Chitsva Chekuchengetedza Makambani uye Maitiro Avanoita
Ichi chinyorwa chinokosha chakagadzirirwa kukubatsira kuti unzwisise kuti zvikambani zvakachengetedza ndezvipi, nei vachiita basa rakadaro rinokosha mune zvehupfumi hwemazuva ano, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvaungatarisa usati waita mari, kana kuumba, imwe.
Ndapota cherechedza kuti nyaya ino yakagadzirirwa vanotanga. Kana uri kutsvaga tsanangudzo yakafambira mberi yakakodzerwa nevanhu vakapfuma uye vashandi vezvemari, ndakanyora pamusoro pehurukuro imwechete mubhuku rangu rega rega rakapfuura mumusana unonzi How a Holding Company Works. Inopinda mune zvimwe zvezvinhu zvekuchengetedza zvinhu zvekambani inobata, yakadai sokukwanisa kuparadzanisa pfuma yezvinhu zvakakosha mune izvo zvinonzi "silos", pakati pezvimwe nyaya. Hazvirevi kuti nyaya ino kana iyo nzvimbo inoshandiswa kwekutsvaga mari asi, pane kudaro, pfupiso yezvidzidzo inobatsira kukubatsira kunzwisisa, chinangwa, nekubatsira kwekambani inobata mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakasiyana.
Chokutanga, Ngatitangei Nezvinokosha: Chii Chinonzi Holding Company?
Zvinonyatsotsanangurwa, kambani inobatanidza ikambani isina basa, mabasa, kana rimwe bhizinesi rinoshanda.
Pane kudaro, kambani inobata ine zvinhu.
Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kugoverana zvikwata mune mamwe makambani, makambani ane chikwereti chakakosha , kushamwaridzana kwakasimbiswa, mari yehutengo yevamwe , hedge funds , mutengesi wemabhizimisi ehurumende, zvikwereti , zvivako , kodzero dzeimba, marita mazita, zvivigirwo, marimiro ezvimabhizimisi, kana zvinyorwa zvose iyo inokosha.
Semuenzaniso, chimwe chezvinhu zvinoremekedzwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvebhuruu munyika, Johnson & Johnson, inonyatsoshanda kambani. Iko ndiko, iyo pachake pachayo, iyo mauri kutenga chikamu paunowana pfuma, haiti kuita chero chinhu mupfungwa iyo vanhu vanofunga kuti inodaro. Pane kudaro, semugumisiro wezvakaitika kare, Johnson & Johnson ane hutambisi hwehuwandu mumabhizimisi makumi maviri namasere, mabhizimusi ega ega nenzira iyo iwe unogona kugovana nawo mitsva yemabhizimisi akasiyana kuburikidza nekambani yekudhinda . Aya mabhizinesi akabatanidzwa pasi pemisoro mikuru mitatu - utengi hwehutano hwevatengi, zvigadzirwa zvemishonga, nemishonga - asi ivo vechokwadi, makambani oga-oga ari munharaunda dzose dziri panyika, vanoshanda nevashandi vomunharaunda, vane mabhizimisi avo ega, mahofisi avo , ivo pachavo vanovaka zvivako, nezvimwewo. Pamusoro, Johnson & Johnson's stockholders anosarudza bhodi revatungamiri kuchengetedza zvido zvavo. Bhodhi iro, pakati pemamwe mabasa aro akadai sekugadzirisa hurongwa hweparadhiso , inoshandira CEO. Mukuru weGurukota, iyewo, anoshandira avo vanotungamira pasi. Iri boka revanhu, pamwe chete, rine simba rekuona ma CEO uye vatungamiri vanokosha pamakambani mubereki Johnson & Johnson anoronga.
Mubereki akabata kambani anotsigira zvibatsiro kuburikidza nekuderedza mari inoshandiswa pamutengo nokuda kwesimba rayo rose. Izvi zvinoreva kuti inogona kubuda, kubudisa zvibvumirano pamatombo ezasi-pasi, ndokukweretesa mari kune zvikamu zvayo pamitengo iyo michinari isingakwanisi kuwana kana iine makambani ekumira-oga. Izvi zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwemari uye, zvakare, inowedzera zvose zvinodzoka pahutano uye kudzoka pane zvinhu .
Zvadaro, Ngatitangei Kupfuura Nomuenzaniso Wekutengesa Kambani
Kuti unzwisise pfungwa yekuchengetedza zviri nani, funga iwe iwe neni takasarudza taida kuisa pamwe chete. Isu uye nhengo dzemhuri yedu tinogadzira kambani itsva inonzi Blue Sky Holding Company, Inc. Tinoisa mapepa nemunyori wehurumende uye tiripa mari. Zvadaro, tinobudisa mamiriyoni 1 emiganhu yezvikwama pa $ 10 mugairo, tichiwedzera $ 10 mamiriyoni mune mari yakachena. Tinosarudza bhodi revatungamiri.
Bhodhi iro rinotora mumwe wedu se CEO. Tinovaka ehofisi.
Zuva rakatevera, tinoratidzira uye tinotanga kutenga mari yacho. Isu (zvinoreva Blue Sky Holding Company) ita zvinhu zvakawanda:
- Isu tinosanganisira bhizimisi idzva rinonzi Frozen Treats of America, LLC. Izvo zvine 100% zvine Blue Sky Holding Company. Tinopa $ 1,500,000 mumari kune bhizinesi, tichibhadharira maneja kuti tishandise, uye tigozarura Dairy Queen franchise yatinotarisira kutenga $ 170,000 mubhadharo musati mutero.
- Tine Blue Sky Holding Company yakazarura kambani yekutengesa nekambani yekutsvaga mari yakadai saCharles Schwab kana imwe sangano guru. Tinoisa $ 3,000,000 mumari mukodha uye tinotenga kukohwa kwepamusoro-soro bluji chip stocks. Tinotarisira kuti zvikwata izvi zvigadzirire $ 150 000 mumutambo usati watere gore negore.
- Tinotanga kambani itsva inonzi Southworth Hospitality, LLC iyo inenge 100% ine Blue Sky Holding Company. Tinopa $ 2,000,000 yemari yedu uye tine chikamu ichi chitsva chinokwereta $ 2,000,000 kubva kubhangi, ichichipa sangano rekugadzirisa mari ye $ 4,000,000 muzvinhu, $ 2,000,000 muzvakabhadhara , uye $ 2,000,000 mubhuku rinokosha . Tinoshandisa $ 4,000,000 mumari kutenga Hampton Inn hotele franchise, iyo yatinotarisira kuunza $ 320,000 muhurumende isati yatere kwatiri isu mushure mekutora mari uye zvimwe zvose zvinodhura. Chikwereti hachibvumirwi nekambani yekubatisa nokuti takasarudza kungobvumira kwete kubhadhara chikwereti kana iyo hoteli isiri kubudirira. Icho chinoreva kana chechipiri ichikanganiswa, isu tiri pangozi yehutano yatakaisa mairi.
- Tinotenga $ 2,000,000 yekutengesa mitero yemasisita asingabhadhara mutero, iyo yatinofunga kuti ichaita $ 100,000 mumutengo wegore negore.
- Tinoshandisa $ 500,000 kutenga mari yegoridhe uye silver bullion.
- Tinoshandisa mari yekupedzisira inosvika $ 1 000 000 mumari yebhandi remukati mune mari yekambani yemari yemari yemari inobhadhara 6% inowanikwa, inokwana $ 60,000 mu-pre-tax inowanikwa mari gore negore. (Panguva yandakatanga kunyora nyaya iyi makore akawanda apfuura, taive mune imwe nzvimbo yekuda kufanana nemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kwakanga kusina kuoma. Panguva ino, iwe haungakwanisi kuwana 6% asi ngatitii kudzokera kune zvakati iri mumakadhi sezvo pane chikonzero chekutenda kuti United States ichange isisakwanisi kuchengetedza zero-muzana yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemamiriro nekusingaperi.)
Zvatinoita Holding Company Financial Statements Zvingaita Sezvo
Sangano rekusimudzirwa kwekambani yedu inosungirirwa icharatidza $ 12,000,000 muzvinhu, $ 2,000,000 mune chikwereti, uye $ 10 000,000 inokosha, kana kukosha kwebhuku. Zvimwe kunze kwehofisi, izvo zvatisingazvicherechedzi ikozvino nekuda kwekunyoresa, bhaari yedu yemari inoratidzika seinotevera:
Blue Sky Holding Company, Inc. - Balance Sheet
- Frozen Treats of America, LLC - 100% pfuma ($ 1,500,000 mari, pasina misha)
- Southworth Hospitality, LLC - 100% pfuma ($ 4,000,000 mari, $ 2,000,000 chikwereti, $ 2,000,000 inokosha )
- Mitero yeMitero yeMasimende ($ 2,000,000 mari, pasina zvikwereti)
- Blue Chip Common Common in Account Brokerage ($ 3,000,000 mari, pasina misha)
- Bhizimisi yeBhangi ($ 1,000,000 assets, pasina zvikwereti).
- Ndarama uye Sirivha Zvimwe ($ 500,000 mari, pasina zvikwereti).
Dare rekubata mari rekambani richaratidza $ 800 000 mune zvekushandisa mari (purogiramu isati yasvika). Izvozvo zvingava kudzoka kwe8% pamabatanidzwa nokuti $ 800,000 yakapatsanurwa ne $ 10 000 000 mumutengo wakakwana ndeye 8%. Icho chichange chiri chekudzoka 6.7% pane zvinhu nokuti $ 800,000 yakapatsanurwa ne $ 12,000,000 muhuwandu ihu 6.7%.
Mafungiro Aungaita Nekambani yeHolding
Fungidzira iwe waive mukuru wekambani yedu yechirangaridzo, Blue Sky Holding Company, Inc. Paunofamba uchienda kuhofisi mangwanani oga oga, tanga magetsi, utore kapu yekofi, uye ugare paadhesi rako, chii chauri kuita ?
Sezvaunogona kutaurira, chinhu chinoita kuti tive nekambani inobatsira ndeyekuti hatina basa rezuva nezuva kune imwe yezvikwereti! Rimwe nerimwe rinotungamirirwa neboka rayo rokutarisira. Mune mamwe mazwi, sekambani inobata, basa redu nderokutarisira, kutsigira, kugadzirisa mitemo yekuchengetedza njodzi, uye kuisa vanhu vakarurama munzvimbo dzakakodzera kuti vaenderane nehutano hwedu hwezvematongerwo enyika (kana tine pfuma yakawanda yekugadzirisa kushambadzira, tinogona chengetedza vatungamiri uye vatsivire ivo pachedu pachedu). Apo masangano ekubhadhara anopa zvikwereti kwatiri, tinozoisa mari iyo nekuiisa iyo kushanda mune mamwe mikana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti tinogona kutora mari kubva pane imwe nguva inokura-kukura uye kurimirira pakuwedzera kwechimwe chivimbiso chinokurudzira.
Mune mamwe mazwi, iwe hausi kuzoita ice cream cones paDaily Queen franchise. Icho ndicho basa reFrozen Treats of America, LLC, 100% ine michina yevashandisi vayo, vatungamiri, zvinyorwa zvemari , zvibvumirano, zvikwereti zvebhangi, nezvimwe. Pane kudaro, uri kutarisa CEO wekambani iyoyo, iva nechokwadi chokuti iye kana ari kurova zvinokonzerwa nebhodhi rinotarisira kwauri, shanda kuvabatsira kuti vabudirire zvinangwa izvi, uye verengai kuti vangaramba sei kuwedzera purogiramu pavanoderedza ngozi.
Kubatsirwa kweHolding Company Model
Zvakadini kana chimwe chakaipa chikaitika? Somuenzaniso, zvakadini kana Hampton Inn hoteferensi yehotera ikashata? Kana ikambani inobatanidzwa pachayo isina kubatanidza chikwereti, haisi mhosva yekurasikirwa. Pane kudaro, taizonyora $ 2,000,000 kunyora mumatare edu zvakakosha sekurasikirwa kukuru pamiganhu yedu yeSouthworth Hospitality, LLC.
Kubata kambani yekambani yakachengetedza zvimwe zvinhu zvedu kubva kune imwe yeruzhinji. Hatina kurasikirwa neRairy Queen franchise, kana matikiti edu, kana zvisungo zvedu, ndarama, sirivha, kana mabhanji emabhangi. Isu takangorasikirwa nemari yatakabhadhara mune imwe yeruzhinji.
Izvi ndizvo zvakaita makambani makuru anozvidzivirira pachavo. Procter & Gamble, kupa chimiro chenyika-chaiyo, inonyanya kubata kambani nokuti ine zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinangwa zvakasiyana. Zvimwe zvikamu zvinoshandisa mazita ezita akadai se "Tide" detergent. Zvimwe, zvikamu zvakasiyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvine michina inogadzira iyo inoita Tide uye inobhadhara kambani ine zita iro zita rekupa mvumo dzemadzimambo. Nenzira iyo, kana iyo yakasungirirwa inopomerwa, Procter & Gamble haikwanise kurasikirwa nezita rezita reTide. Pane kudaro, fekitari kana muparidzi aizotadza kubhadhara.
Imwe muenzaniso wakaisvonaka ndeye Burlington Northern Northern Fe motokari. Icho chimwe chezvikepe zvakakura zvikuru munyika yose. Makore akawanda akapfuura, Warren Buffett akashandisa kambani yake yekutarisira, Berkshire Hathaway , kutenga zvese zvezvikamu zvegwagwa, achichinjeka kuva rutivi rwepasi rese. BNSF ine mabhiriyoni emabhiriyoni emadhora mune chikwereti, iyo inobatsira kubhadhara mari yakawanda yekushandiswa kwemari yebhajiro, motokari dzemotokari, nezvimwe zvivako. Hapana chikwereti ichi chinovimbiswa neBerkshire Hathaway.