Chirongwa cheMutoro, Basa, uye Kurongeka
Iye zvino, bvunzai mutengesi iyeye kuti arondedze basa rekutanga rebato revatungamiri - semuenzaniso, izvo vatungamiri vebato rega vanoita kana basa iro bhodhi rinoratidzira maererano nekubatanidzwa kwechokwadi mumabasa e-firm - uye vashoma kwazvo vachave akakwanisa kukupa mhinduro chaiyo.
Ichokwadi, kunyange zvazvo chiri chinokosha zvikuru, maitiro akanaka haazokwanisi kutsanangura musiyano pakati pevatungamiri vakuru nevatungamiri vanozvimirira kana kutsanangura kuti nei kusiyana kwakadaro kuchifanira kuitwa. Hezvino tarisiro yezvinokosha zvaunoda kuziva pamusoro pebato revatungamiri vehurumende kuitira kuti unzwe wakasununguka nedare rinodzora iri pose paunenge uchitarisa kuisa sarudzo mukambani yako yaunoda, kana kutenga zvikamu zvezvitoro kana kutenga zvisungo .
Chinangwa, Simba, uye Mutoro weBhodi reVatungamiriri
Kunyange zvazvo vane mabasa akawanda, basa guru rebato revatungamiri nderokudzivirira zvinhu zvevashandi uye vanovimbisa kuti vanogamuchira kudzoka kwakanaka pamari yavo. Bhodi revatungamiri inokweretesa vashandi varo mari yepamusoro yezvemari pasi pemutemo weAmerica, unozivikanwa sefiduciary duty .
Mune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope, manzwiro acho akasiyana zvikuru nekuti vatungamiri vakawanda ikoko vanofunga kuti ndiyo iyo basa ravo rokutanga kuchengetedza vashandi vekambani kutanga, avo vane chikamu chechipiri.
Munzvimbo idzi dzezvematongerwe enyika uye zvematongerwe enyika, kubatsirana kwekambani kunotora chigaro chemashure zvinodiwa nevashandi.
Bhodhi revatungamiri ndiro guru rinotonga hukuru mukati mehutungamiri sangano pane imwe sangano kana bhizinesi rekutengeserana pachena. Iri ibasa rebhodhi rokusarudza, kuongorora, uye kugamuchira kukodzero yakakodzera kwekambani mukuru mukuru wekambani (CEO), kuongorora kukwezva uye nekubhadhara zvikamu , kurudzira kuparadzanisa , kugovera zvigaro zvekudzikinura zvigaro , kubvumira zvinyorwa zvemari zvekambani, uye kukurudzira kana zvakasimba kuodza mwoyo kuwana nekubatana .
Maitiro uye Kuita kweBhodi reVatungamiriri
Dare racho rinoumbwa nevarume nevakadzi (avo "vatungamiri") vanosarudzwa nevatori vemitemo kwemakore akawanda. Makambani mazhinji anoshandisa nzira inotenderera kuitira kuti chikamu chiduku chevatungamiri vasarudze kusarudzwa gore negore. Vanoita izvi nokuti zvinoita kuti zvive zvakanyanya kuoma kuti bhodhi rakakwana richinje kuitika nekuda kwekutora kutora .
Muzviitiko zvizhinji, vatungamiri vangave, 1.) vane chido chakanaka mune kambani, 2.) kushanda mune zvepamusoro kutungamira kwekambani (zvinonzi "vakuru vatungamiri"), kana 3.) vanozvimiririra nekambani asi anozivikanwa nokuda kwebhizimisi ravo.
Hazvishamisi kuti vatungamiri vave vakasungwa kune vatengesi vakuru kusimbisa ukama hunokosha. Somuenzaniso, iwe unotarisira kuwona mushandi wepamusoro weThe Coca-Cola Company paBhodi revatungamiri kuMcDonald's Corporation kana visa versa yakapiwa ukama hwavo hunobatsira.
Nhamba yevatungamiri inogona kusiyana zvikuru pakati pemakambani. IWalt Disney Company, kuti ipe muenzaniso mumwe, ine vatungamiri vane gumi nevatanhatu, mumwe nomumwe wavo akasarudzwa panguva imwechete kwegore rimwe chete. Tiffany & Company, kune rumwe rutivi, vane vatungamiri vasere chete pabhodhi.
MuUnited States, zvinenge makumi mashanu kubva muzana zvevatungamiri vanofanira kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zve "kuzvimirira", zvinoreva kuti hazvibatanidzi kana kushandiswa nekambani. Mukufungidzira, vatungamiri vanozvimirira havazove pasi pekumanikidzwa, uye naizvozvo vanowanzoita zvinodiwa nevatori venhesi kana izvo zvido zvinopesana neavo vane hutungamiri hwakadzika. Makore mazhinji akapfuura, pandakatanga kunyora nyaya iyi, ndakabatanidza ndima kubva kuGeneral's 2002 gore negore inoratidza kuti nyaya yehurukuro yekusununguka yakataurirwa sei. Ichiri kukosha nhasi kuitira kuti ndidzoke zvakare:
"Pakati pekutonga kwekambani, hongu, iyo inhengo yebato iri kutarisira kuti vatungamiri vanoshanda sei kwenguva yakareba zvinodiwa nevatengi uye vamwe vanobatana.Anoshanda, anoziva, akazvimiririra uye akabatanidzwa bhokisi rinokosha pakuita kuti hutenderedzwa hweG GE, huve pachena , uye simba rekugara kwenguva yakareba. Sekuguma kwekuchinja kwe2002, 11 vatungamiri veGeG 17 vano "kuzvimirira" pasi pechirevo chakasimba, nechinangwa chezvikamu zvitatu. "
Mashandiro anoita Komiti paBhodi revatungamiri
Zvinotarisirwa nebhodhi revatungamiri zvinosanganisira kugadzirwa kwekomiti yekuongorora uye yekubhadhara. Dare rezvekuongorora rinotarisirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinyorwa zvemari zvekambani nemishumo zvakarurama uye zvinoshandiswa zvakaenzana uye zvinonzwisisika. Dare racho rinosarudza, rinoshandira uye rinoshanda nekunze kwekambani yekuongorora. Iyo yakasimba ndiyo nhengo iyo inonyatsoita kuongorora.
Dare rekubhadhara rinotarisa zvigaro zvekubhadhara, zvikwereti zvekutsvaga, uye mabhonasi anokurudzira kwevatariri vekambani, kusanganisira CEO. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, mapurisa akawanda evatungamiri ave pasi pemoto kuti abvumira vatariri vemishawi kuti vawane zvisingabvumirwe zvisiri izvo.
Mukutsinhanisa kupa vashandi vavo, vatungamiri vekambani vanobhadharwa mubhadharo wegore negore, kuwedzera kuripo pamusangano mumwe nomumwe wavanopinda, kusarudzwa kwezvinhu, nezvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana. Nhamba yehutungamiri yemari inoshandiswa inosiyana kubva kune imwe kambani kune imwe kambani.
Panguva iyo iyi yakanyorwa pakutanga, Tiffany & Company yakabhadhara vatungamiri vayo gore negore rekuchengetedza madhora makumi mana nemakumi mashanu emadhora, rimwezve rekuchengetedza mari ye $ 2 500 kana mutungamiriri ariwo sachigaro wekomiti, musangano-musangano-wakauya mari ye $ 2,000 pamisangano yaipinda munhu, $ 500 mari yemusangano wega wega wakapinda kuburikidza nefoni, kusarudzwa kwezvinhu, uye kubhadhara mari. Paunofunga kuti vatongi vazhinji vanogara pamapuranga akawanda, zviri nyore kunzwisisa kuti kutungamirirwa kwavo kunogona kusvika sei mumazana ezviuru zvemadhora pagore.
Iyo mibairo yevatungamiri inogamuchirwa, pamwe chete nedzimwe zvimwe zvingabatsiri, ruzivo rwemashoko makuru, mazera, uye huwandu hwehuyo huripo mubhizimusi hunowanika mune imwe nyanzvi inozivikanwa seProtexy Statement . Kazhinji, inoonekwa sechiratidzo chakanaka chekuva nevatungamiri vane huwandu hwehuwandu hwehudziro mubhizimisi pasi pekutarisirwa kwavo nokuti vanofamba zvechokwadi muzvichemo zvevanowanikwa kunze kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
Urongwa hweHovheni uye Zvazvinoita paBhodi reVatungamiriri
Izvo chaiyo umhizha wekambani inobatsira zvikuru kubudirira kwebato revatungamiri kutonga. Mune imwe kambani inosangana nemugoveri mukuru, mumwe chete, iyo imwe nhengo kana mumwe munhu anokwanisa kuita mari inogona kunyatsogadzirisa sangano. Kana mutungamiriri ane dambudziko, iye anogona kukwira kumunhu ane simba.
Mune kambani iyo pasina maneja anorayira aripo, vatungamiri vanofanira kuita sekuti mumwe munhu aripo uye anoedza kudzivirira chinhu ichi chingafungidzirwa nguva dzose (kunyange kana zvichireva kupisa CEO, kuchinja kuurongwa husingafarirwi nehutungamiri, kana kutendeuka pasi kutsvaga nokuti ivo vanodhurawo).
Mune makambani mashomanana emakambani, chikwereti chinotarisira chinoshandawo se CEO uye / kana Sachigaro weBhodi. Muchiitiko ichi, mutungamiriri anonyatsoda kuda komuridzi uye haana nzira inobatsira yekudarika zvaanosarudza.