Mutungamiri weMutangisi wekutsvaga muZvondo
Muhuwandu hwehuwandu hwemazuva ano, kuisa mari mumatanda kwakave imwe yenzira dzakanakisisa uye dzakakosha dzevanhu nemhuri kuunganidza hupfumi, kuvaka pfuma, uye kukura maitiro avo asina kufanira. Asi matanda anoramba asinganzwisiswi nehuwandu hwevanhu (kusanganisira avo vanoita mari), vazhinji vavo vanotarisa chikamu chechikwata sechimwe simba chisingazivikanwi chisingagoni kutsanangurwa; rutsamba rwemasamba nenhamba dzinoshandura pane tepi yerikiti uye dzinokonzera kukweretesa uye kubhadhara mari yekateji kukwira uye kuwira pasina rhyme kana chikonzero.
Asi chokwadi ndechekuti musarudzo yakasarudzwa zvakanaka yematokari, kunyanya sechikamu cheporofisiti yezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye makirasi easset, inogona kupa rusununguko kubva kune kushushikana kwezvemari pamwe nekugadziriswa kwekuita zvishuvo zvako panguva yako. Hezvino izvo zvaunoda kuziva pamusoro pekutsvaga mumatanda.
Chii Chinonzi Stock?
Taura zviri nyore, chikamu chematokari chinomiririra mutemo mubhizimisi. Makhandi anokonzera mashizha, kazhinji mune imwe yemhando mbiri: zvikwata zvinowanzoshandiswa uye mashizha anodiwa. Nheyo dzimwe nguva inonzi "kuchengetedzwa", nokuti inoratidziro yemari yekuchengetedza mari, kana kuti "equities," nokuti inomiririra hutano (kuenzana) mune bhizinesi.
Yakawanda Mashomanana: Aya ndiwo matanda ayo munhu wese anowanzotaurira paanotaura pamusoro pekutsvaga mari. Sangano rakajairika rine kodzero yekugoverana kwayo kwekambani kana kuti kurasikirwa kwekambani. Vashandi vanogadza Bhodhi reVatungamiri avo (kunze kwekubhadhara uye kupfura CEO) vasarudza kana vachichengetedza zvikomborero izvozvo kana kutumira zvimwe kana kuti zvose zvezvikwereti zvakare kune avo vanochengetedza sevashandi vemari - chekuongorora chepanyama kana kuti magetsi iyo inotumirwa kubhadha rekwereti kana kubhadhara mari iyo inobata sengo.
Nzvimbo dzakasarudzwa : Vashandi vezvikwata zvakasarudzwa vanowana chikamu chimwechete pane nguva dzakatarwa. Ichi chikamu chinowanzofanira kubhadharwa kutanga, vasati vese vanogona kugamuchira zvikwereti, uye kana kambani ichinyangarika, vashandi vanosarudzwa vanobuda kunze kwevatengi vehoko maererano nekugona kudzorerazve kudyara kwavo kubva kune ipi zvayo kutengesa kana kuwanikwazve kwakawanikwa nekudarika trustee. Mamwe masikirwo anodiwa anogona kuchinjwa kuti ave sendivo yakafanana.
Nzvimbo Dzakachengetwa Zvese, Uye Nei Dzinosvika?
Nzvimbo dziripo nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda, asi pakati pezvinonyanya kukosha ndezvizvi:
- Nheyo dzinobvumira makambani kukurudzira mari (mari) kuchinja pfungwa dzakanaka mumabhizimisi anokwanisa. Pasina huwandu hwemagetsi uye mararamiro emakambani makuru, zvizhinji zvemazuva ano zvinyaradzo zvaunotora zvishoma hazvizovipo kana kuti zviwanike kwauri.
- Nheyo dzinopa nzvimbo kune varairidzi kuti vagozowana kudzorera kunogutsa pane mari iyo inogona kuvabvumira kuti vabudirire zvinangwa zvavo zvemari nokukurumidza kupfuura zvavangaita.
- Nheyo dzakaparadzaniswa nehuwandu hwehutungamiri, zvichibvumira avo vasina rufaro, mano, kana nguva yekushanda basa kuti varambe vachiita zvekutengeserana uye kuburikidza nekodzero dzekuvhota. Izvi zvinoguma nekugovera zvakajeka kwezviwanikwa, kusanganisira vanhu vakuru.
- Zvine zvishomanana zvisiri izvo, kuenzana kwemari pachiyero chemashizha hachina zuva rainofanira kubhadharwa naro, kana kuti chikamu chekugoverwa chinoratidzwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti inoshanda sechikwata chekweretesi yekambani: Vanoziva kuti pane zvinhu zviri mubhadharo kuti vawane kurasikirwa vasati vazopinda uye vakakanda kambani mubhadhadzi kana zvikwereti zvisingabhadharwi. Nokuda kweizvi panjodzi yakaderedzwa, vanogona kupa zvikwereti zviduku zvishoma pamari vanokweretesa kubhizinesi.
Inoshandiswa Sei Nemaoko?
Chimbofungidzira iwe waida kutanga doro rekutengesa nemhuri yemhuri yako. Iwe unosarudza iwe unoda $ 100,000 kuti uite bhizinesi kubva pasi kuitira kuti uise kambani itsva.
Iwe unoparadzanisa kambani muzvikamu 1 000 zvechitoro. Iwe unotenga mutengo wega wega wega wekugadzira pa $ 100. Kana uchikwanisa kutengesa zvikamu zvose kune vemhuri yako, unofanirwa kuva ne $ 100,000 waunoda (chikamu chikamu x $ 100 chinopiwa mari inoshandiswa pamari = $ 100,000 mari yakasimudzirwa kambani).
Kana dare rakagamuchira $ 50,000 mushure mekuteresa mugore rayo rokutanga, mugove wega wega wekutengeswa unogona kuva nekodzero ye 1 / 1000th yebatsiro. Iwe unotora madhora 50 000 uye ugozviparadzanisa ne1000, zvichiita kuti uwane $ 50 mari yega yega (kana EPS, sezvo inowanzonzi kuWall Street). Iwe unogonawo kushevedza musangano weBato reVatungamiriri vekambani uye usarudza kana iwe uchifanira kushandisa mari iyo kubhadhara zvikamu, kudzikinura chimwe chinhu, kana kuwedzera kambani kuburikidza nekudzorerazve muchitoro chezvitoro.
Pane imwe nguva, unogona kusarudza kuti unoda kutengesa zvikamu zvako zvekutengesa mhuri. Kana kambani yakakura zvakakwana, iwe unogona kuva nechipo chekutanga chepachena, kana IPO , ichikubvumira kuti utengese nhumbi yako pamatengesi ekutengesa kana kupfuura-the-counter market.
Chaizvoizvo, ndizvo chaizvo izvo zvinoitika kana iwe uchitenga kana kutengesa zvikamu zvekambani kuburikidza nemutengesi wematengesi. Iwe uri kuudza mumusika iwe unofarira kuwana kana kutengesa zvikamu zveimwe kambani, Wall Street inofanirana iwe nemumwe munhu unoda kutora rumwe rutivi rwebasa, uye anotora mari nemakomisheni ekuita. Zvimwewo, nhengo dzezvikwata zvinogona kubudiswa kuwedzera mamiriyoni, kana mabhiriyoni, emadhora ekuwedzera. Kuti ape nyika chaiyo, yemufananidzo, Sam Walton paakaumba Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., iyo yekutanga yehupi yehupfumi yakabviswa kubva kwaari kutengesa zvikamu zvitsva zvezvikwata zvekambani mukambani yake zvakamupa mari yakawanda yekubhadhara chikwereti chake chikuru uye kubhadhara kuwedzera kweWal-Mart munyika yose.
Kuti tishandise mumwe muenzaniso, ngatitaurire nezvechina chikuru chechina chekutengesa, McDonald's Corporation. Makore apfuura, McDonald's Corporation yakanga yazviparadzanisa muzvikamu 1,079,186,614 zvayo zvakafanana. Mugore rimwe chete rekushanda, kambani yakanga yawana mari inokwana madhora 4,176,452,196.18, saka vatungamiri vakatora mari iyo ndokuiparadzanisa nezvikamu zvakakosha, zvichiita kuti vawane mari imwe neimwe ye $ 3.87.
Kubva ipapo, Boka reVatungamiri vekambani rakabhadharidza kubhadhara $ 2.20 panzira yebhadharo yemari, vachisiya $ 1.67 pabasa kuti kambani izvipe kune zvimwe zvinokonzera sekuwedzera, kuderedza chikwereti, kugoverana kwemaoko , kana chimwe chinhu chipi zvacho chakanga chisarudzo chaidiwa kuti vauye nekudzoka kwakanaka kune vene vayo, avo vanochengetedza.
Panguva iyoyo, mutengo wematengo weMcDonald's waiva $ 61.66 pamagetsi. Musika wekutengeswa waiva, uye hausi, kunze kwekutsvaga. Varume nevakadzi vari voga vari kushanda vachizviitira ivo pachavo uye masangano ari kuita zvisarudzo nemari yavo pachavo uye mari yekambani yavo munguva chaiyo ye-auction. Kana mumwe munhu aida kutengesa zvikamu zvavo zveMcDonald's uye pakange pasina vatengi pa $ 61.66, mutengo waifanira kuramba uchiwira kusvikira mumwe munhu apinda uye akaisa mutengo wekutenga pamwe nemutengesi wavo. Kana varairidzi vakafunga kuti McDonald's aizokura purofisi yake nekukurumidza kupfuura mamwe makambani akaenzana nemutengo wavaizobhadhara nokuda kwebato ravo, vangangodaro vaida kupa mari yekutengeswa. Saizvozvowo, kana muridzi wekutsvaga guru aifanira kurega zvigaro zvake pamusika, rubatsiro runogona kuderedza zvido zvenguva pfupi uye kutengesa mutengo wematengo pasi.
Kubva munaEpril 2017, McDonald yemari yematengo ndeye $ 140.87 pamudziro. Chikonzero chikonzero vashandi vanoda kubhadhara zvakanyanya nokuti ndechokuti vatungamiri vakaita basa rakanaka rekuwedzera mari uye kuwedzera zvikwereti. Kuvonga kuiswa kwemazuva ose ezvokudya zvemangwanani uye mamwe maitiro, doro rekudyara guru repasi rose rinowana $ 5.44 per share mushure mekuteresa, kwete $ 3.87. Iyo inotumira $ 3.76 muga-share share mugove kune vene, kwete $ 2.20. Pasi pematambudziko akawanda, hazvinei pasinei nematengesi emari munguva pfupi - kana iri McDonald's inoshandiswa kusvika kune $ 200 imwe neimwe, kana kusvika pasi $ 50 imwe neimwe - pakupedzisira, ruzivo rwaunenge uine kuva muridzi wako akasungirirwa kune mubairo uye chikamu chechidimbu, pasina mimwe mimwe inoshamisa. Kana iyo bhizinesi , iyo ikambani inoshanda, inoramba ichidhonza mari yakawanda, uye kutumira mari yakawanda kune iyo, zvisinei kuti haina kuve yakakosha kana kuwedzerwa pane chero ipi zvayo yakatarwa hazvirevi zvakawanda zvakakwana kwenguva refu muridzi kunze kwezvinhu zvakanyanyisa.
Mureveti Anoita Sei Chaizvo Kuita Mari Nokugadzira Zvitoro?
Kana iwe uri kunze, hausi mubati wemari, pane nzira nhatu chete dzaungagona kubatsirako kubva kune iwe unowanikwa pasi pemazuva ose. Iwe unogona kuunganidza mari yemari inotumirwa kwauri nokuda kwechikamu chako chemari chero ipi zvayo inokonzerwa nekambani; iwe unogona kufara chero kuwedzera chero kupi zvako mukati mekukosha kwemugove wega wega; kana iwe unogona kuona purogiramu kubva mukushandurwa kwekuongororwa kunoshandiswa kumatare ehurumende kana zvimwe zvinhu. Yakabatana, pfungwa iyi inomiririrwa nechimwe chinhu chinozivikanwa sekudzoka kwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga.
Munhu Anogona Sei Kuita Mari Maoko?
Kana ukasarudza kuti iwe unoda kuva nematokisi, danho rinotevera ndodzidza kutanga kutenga . Zvakanakisisa kufungidzira matanda sekuwanikwa kuburikidza neimwe nzira shomanana:
- Kuisa mari kuburikidza ne 401 (k) chirongwa kana, kana ukashandira kune risina purogiramu, 403 (b) chirongwa
- Kuisa mari kuburikidza neIra Traditional , Roth IRA , SIMPLE IRA kana SEP-IRA account
- Kuisa mari kuburikidza nekambani inotengesa kubhadhara
- Kuisa mari kuburikidza nepurogiramu yakatengwa yekutenga zvigadziro kana chirongwa chekugadzirisa zvekugoverwa (DRIP)
Kuti iwe unowana sei mashizha inobva pane iyo nhoroondo yauri kuitisa. Semuenzaniso, munyaya yekodha yemari yokubhadhara, Traditional IRA, kana Roth IRA, unogona chaizvo kutenga mukana wako mutengesi kutenga zvigaro zvekambani kana makambani aunoda, kunze kwekunge sengo iri kutengeswa pachena uye kwete pamba. Izvi zvinoreva kuti iwe unogona kusarudza kuva muridzi weThe Coca-Cola Company nekuisa zvakananga mari uye uine iyo mari yakashandiswa kupedza basa. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvirongwa zvizhinji zvekurega basa, zvakadai se 401 (k) nhoroondo, iwe chete rega iwe uise mari mune mutual funds kana kuti chengetedza mari. Iko mari yekutengeserana uye mari yekuenzanisira mari, zvakare, inotengesa mumatanda, saka inongova inyanzvi chete; gadziriro yepamutemo mukati iyo iri kubata matanda ako kwauri.
Icho chisarudzo-kana kuti iwe uzvibatanidza zvikwereti iwe kana kuti uzviite kuburikidza nemunhu wepakati pekuita sehurukuro yehurukuro -iri nyaya huru kwazvo yeimwe zuva. Nhamba shoma: Kunyange mari yekuenzanisira inogona kuva sarudzo huru pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka omudzimai akanaka, haisi rudzi rwekutsinhanisa, sezvo vachiri kungova kuunganidza kwevanhu. Panzvimbo pako iwe kusarudza matanda ako pachako, kana kuhaya kambani yekuchengetedza mararamiro kukuitira iwe, iwe uri kuendesa basa kune komiti yevarume nevakadzi vanoshanda kune rimwe shoma reWall Street masangano. Izvo zvose zvikwereti. Ndizvo. Ndicho chikonzero. Iwe haugoni kurega kubva kune iyo nheyo yezvemari.
Pamusoro pechinyorwa ichocho, kana ukasarudza kusarudza yako pfuma inobhadhara, unoziva sei kuti ndeiyo inoita kuti ive yako?
Kusarudza Ndezvipi Zvitoro Zvingave Zvakakodzera Kuzviwanira
Kusarudza kuti zvikwereti zvipi zvaunoda kubata muhofisi yezvekutsvaga kwekutsvaga ichaenderera pane zvinhu zvakawanda. Icho chikanganiso chakajairika chevatangisi kufunga kuti chinangwa chepi chero ipi zvayo chikwereti chikwereti ndechekuwedzera kudzoka kwakakwana; mune dzimwe nguva, zvingangova kuedza kuwana kubudirira kunodzoka kana kuderedza ngozi, asi mune dzimwe nguva, zvingangove kuedza kuwedzera mari inowanikwa kuburikidza nekutarisa kune zvakakwirira-kupfuura-kuwedzerwa-kupa zvivimbiso, zvakadai sebhuruu-chip rich dividends.
Sezvo mutendi akasimba mufilosoyo inozivikanwa sekukoshesa kuisa mari, ndinopedza nguva yakawanda yezuva rangu ndichitsvaga makambani ane rimwe kana akawanda emamwe maitiro. Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kusanganisira zvinhu zvakadai se:
- Nhamba yemabhizimisi ane nheyo refu, yakasimbiswa yekusimbiswa kana kuwedzerwa kubudirira kuburikidza nehuwandu hwebhizimisi, iyo inosanganisira imwe chete kuderedza dambudziko.
- Nhandare yemabhizimisi ane chikwereti-chakanaka kutungamirirwa neBhodi revatungamiri vanoda kudzorera mari yakawanda kune vadzidzisi kuburikidza nehuwandu huri kuwedzera uye kugoverana zvekugoverana. (Purogiramu yekugovera repurchase ndeye apo kambani inotenga zvayo zvayo, ichideredza zvikamu zvacho zvakasarudzwa.Izvi zvinoreva kuti mari yemberi yeramangwana nekurasikirwa zvakaparadzaniswa pakati pezvikamu zvishomanana.)
- Nhamba yemabhizimisi ane rekudzoka kwepamusoro pemaoko makuru (zvinoreva kuti haitore zvakawanda zvekutsvaga muimba, michero, nemidziyo, kana zvizhinji zvekuregererwa kushanda, kubhadhara dhora rekuwana).
- Nhamba yemabhizimisi ane mamwe mararamiro anokosha ekukwikwidza anoita kuti zvive nyore kune vakwikwidzana kuti vasabatanidze mabhizinesi.
- Nhamba yemabhizimisi anotengesa pa-cyclically-akachinjwa pasi p / e ratios , PEG ratios , uye / kana chikamu-chechigadziriswa peG ratios .
Isu tinotarisa kuti zvikwata zvakasiyana sei zvakabatanidzwa pamwe chete sechikamu chepodhopu. Iwe haungadi mari yako yese, inoti, kubhengi kana kushandiswa kwemabhizimisi. Pane kudaro, iwe unoda kutarisa nzira dzekuedza kukanganisa zvinhu zvakadai sehutano hwakakonzerwa.
Ndeipi Chinangwa Chikuru Chekutsvaga Muzvikwereti?
Vashandi vanochenjera vanonzwisisa kuti mutsara wekupedzisira wevatenzi vazhinji vematokari ndeyokupedzisa nekuunganidza mabhizimisi anoshamisa anokanda zvikwereti zvakakura zvemari zvavanokwanisa kushandisa kuti vanakidzwe noupenyu hwavo. Kutaura zvazviri, ndaienda kusvika pakukakavadzana kuti kubhadhara kukuru kwezvikwata hakusi kambani yaunotenga pamutengo mumwe uye nokukurumidza kutengesa pane imwe, uchitarisira kubhadhara mari yakawanda munguva shomanana; asi, pane kudaro, iyo yaunogona kutenga uye ugogara kwema 25+ semakore sezvo hutori hwemari huripo huri kuramba huchikura kumatenga kunyange zvazvo mutengo wematengo pachawo wakazara.
Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvinoitika kana iwe uchinzwa nhau dzevanhu vakadai saAnn Scheiber , mutambi weRSS anosara mujeri uyo anosvitsa makumi makumi emamiriyoni emadhora kubva muimba yake nekushandisa nguva yake yekusununguka achidzidza uye nekuongorora mashizha, ayo akawana ndokugara kwemakumi emakore. Ndakaita mhando dzakawanda dzenguva dzedzimwe mamionaire epachivande; Mutariri wezvokudya Ronald Verengai ne $ 8 Mamiriyoni akawanda, Lewis David Zagor ane $ 18 mamiriyoni akawanda, Jack MacDonald ane $ 188 mamiriyoni ane simba. Kakawanda, chimiro chakafanana chinobuda: Chakanga chisingawanzovi mhaka. Pane kudaro, vanhu ava vaida kushandisa nguva yavo yekusununguka vachitsvaga mabhizimisi vaida kuwana - mabhizimisi ayo vanhu vakawanda vaizoona seanovhiringidza, asi izvo zvaiva nekutengesa chaiyo nemari chaiyo.
Uye zvakakosha, idzi dzakanga dzisiri mari yaizovaita kuti vapfume usiku hwose. Vakatenga uye vakavhara kure, vachirega nguva vachiita basa rinorema vachiita kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti havazomboregi mari yavo yakawanda inokosha mune imwe chete yebhizimisi. Nenzira iyo, kana imwe kana kupfuura ikakundikana, mishonga inogadzirisa yavakavaka yakaramba ichinge ichiwedzera kunze kwekuwedzera mukati.
Ikunzwa kwakanaka. Kuburikidza nehutano hwemhuri yangu, tinenge tisinganakidzwi nezvibereko kubva kumakambani atinazvo kutengesa majini, jinisi yemitemo, chokoti mabhagi, motokari, kofi, tei, soda, hotcocoa, elevator, escalators, donuts, ice cream, mafuta, gesi, mari yekubhadhara mari, makadhi emakwereti, zvikwereti zvevadzidzi, shangu dzomutambo, magaraji emotokari, whiskey, vodka, mhepo dzemhepo, matanda, diamond zvindori, maziso, kutakura uye magwaro, zvinonhuwira, mishonga, uye zvizhinji, zvakawanda. Kunyange zvazvo zvisingaiti iwe wakambosangana nesu, haugoni kurarama kana kushanda chero kupi zvako munyika yakagadzirwa pasina kuisa mari mukati medu.
Ndiyo simba rekuisa mari mumatanda.
Cherechedza: Mhando ipi neipi inotaurwa pamusoro apa inongotarisirwa kuenzanisira uye kwete kukurudzira kutenga kana kutengesa chero huviriro. Iwe unofanirwa kutaurirana nevatsigiri vako vanokwanisa kuti uone kana mari yekusimwa yakakosha pamamiriro ako akasiyana-siyana, kushivirira kune ngozi, zvinoda, uye zvaunofarira.