Exchange Traded Funds

Maitiro EFS Anoshanda Sei: Kuisa muZimbabwe Trading Exchange

Kunyange kana iwe usiri weEFs chero ipi zvayo, mikana iwe wakambonzwa nezveyi inozivikanwa motokari yemotokari. Kunyange zvazvo ETFs dzave dzichiwanika kwemaminitsi makumi matatu, uye mamiriyoni evarimi vanovabata, ivo vachiri vatsva kunyika inotengeswa.

Pasinei nokuti iwe uri kutanga mutengesi kana mutariri wemasitoreti ane ruzivo, inobhadhara kuva nepfungwa yakakosha yekuti ETFs inoshanda sei, inofanirwa kutenga mari mukati mavo, uye inobatsira pane dzimwe dzimba dzekutsvaga.

ETF Tsanangudzo uye History

ETFs, pfupi ye Exchange-Traded Funds , ndezvivimbiso zvekutsinhanisa izvo zvakafanana nekunyoresa mutual funds , asi iyo inoshandiswa sekutengesa. ETF ibhasi rekuchengetedza rinoshambadzira pamutengo wekutengesa. Inokwanisa kutarisa index (yakadai seS & P 500, NASDAQ 100, kana Russell 2000), pamwe chete nezvinhu zvakadai segoridhe kana mafuta.

ETFs yakatanga kuvepo muna 1992 apo American Stock Exchange (AMEX) yakakumbira Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) kuti iite hurumende itsva-yakachengeteka iyo yaizoona S & P 500 index. Muna 1993, S & P Depository Receipt, inozivikanwawo seSPDR kana "spider," yakatanga kutengesa pamusoro pe AMEX. Nhasi iyi ETF inozivikanwa se SPDR S & P 500 ( SPY ).

Nhasi kune ma ETF anopfuura 4 000 mumusika ne $ 3 trillion muzvinhu.

ETFs vs Mutual Funds

ETFs zvakafanana nemari pamwe chete. Semuenzaniso, vagoveri vemari pamwe chete neyeEFs havatauri zvakananga izvo zviri pasi pehupfumi - ivo vane zvikamu zvehupfumi pachavo, iyo inobva yatenga zvikamu zvezvinhu zviri pasi.

Asi panewo kusiyana kukuru:

• ETFs inotengeswa mukati mezuva, kufanana nematokari. Kusiyana neizvi, mutual funds inoshandiswa pakugumira kwezuva, apo mari yekutengesa mari (NAV) yebato iri pasi inogona kugadziriswa.
• ETFs inowanzova nemari yakaderera yakaenzana kana ichienzaniswa kunyange iyo yakaderera-yakatengesa nhamba yemari yemari.
• ETFs hadzina huwandu hwekutanga huwandu hwekutsvaga mari, asi mutual funds inowanzodikanwa kutengeswa kwema $ 1 000 kana kupfuura.

Kune misiyano yakawanda pakati pe ETF uye mutual funds, asi aya ndiwo anokosha kunyanya kune vashandi vezuva nezuva.

Kubatsirwa uye Kukanganiswa kweT ETF

Kunzwisisa hutano hwakakosha uye kukanganisa kwe ETFs kunogona kubatsira vatyairi kuti vaone kana motokari idzi dzekutsvaga dzakakodzera zvinangwa zvavo zvekutsvaga:

• Sezvambotaurwa, ETFs dzine mari shoma, iyo inogona kuva 0.10 muzana, kana $ 10 ye $ 10 000 inotengeswa, kana kuti inogona kuderera kupfuura iyo. Munguva yakareba, kudhura mari kunogona kukonzera kubhadharwa kwakakwirira maererano nemari yakabatanidzwa pamwe chete. Iyi ndiyo pfungwa huru yekuwedzera mari kuburikidza nekuderedza mari.
• Nemhaka yekusaita kwavo, ETFs dzine mari shoma kwazvo, izvo zvinoreva kuti havawanzozvitenga nekutengesa zvigaro zvayo. Kutsikira kwechipiri kunoshandura kuva zvishoma zvishoma zvinowanikwa muhomwe, izvo zvinoreva kuti ETFs mari yakawanda-inoshandisa mari . Saka varairidzi vane mabhengi ekubhadhara mari anotora mari vangada kushandisa ETFs kuderedza mitero yemitero.
• Iko kukwanisa kutengesa mukati mezuva kunogadzira mukana wekushandisa zvishoma kwenguva pfupi kuchinja kwekutengo kana kushandisa maitiro ekudzivirira. Semuenzaniso, vatengesi vanogona kutengesa ETFs pfupi kana nzvimbo yekuraira mairairo. Kunyange zvazvo vatengesi vemazuva ose vasina kupiwa mazano ekutengesa zvikwereti zviduku, kupedza mitemo kunogona kushandiswa zvinobudirira. Somuenzaniso, kana mutengesi aida kudzivirira pakurwisana kwemazuva ekuderera kwemazuva, vanogona kuisa mutengo wekutengesa kutengesa zvikamu pamutengo wakasiyana.

Izvo zvinonyanya kukanganisa kuvarimi kuti varambe vachifunga mupfungwa ndechokuti, nokuti ETFs dzinoshambadzira sezvikwata, dzinowanzobhadhara matare kana zvikwereti zvakafanana zvekutengesa. Saka kunyange iyo ETF ine $ 7 inotumirwa pamabhizimisi, mutengesi anoda mari yebhadharo yevhareji uye kutenga zvigaro kamwe chete kana kaviri pamwedzi zvinogona kuguma nemari yegore negore kudarika yakafanana index mutual fund.

Ndiani Anofanira Kuisa muEFF?

ETFs inogona kuva yakakodzera kumunhu chero upi zvake wevatengesi. Kunyange zvakadaro, sezvo ETFs dzinowanzoongorora nhamba yezvikwata, bhadha index, kana zvinhu, zvinonyanya kukosha kune vashandi vane zvinangwa zvekutsvaga kwemazuva mazhinji, izvo zvinosanganisira zvinangwa nemazuva ekupedzisira emakore matatu kana kupfuura.

Zvimwe chete kune nguva yakareba yekutsvaga chinangwa ndeye mubhadhati aneta mubhadharo anoda mari yazvino. Uyu mutyairi angave ane hanya pakutengesa ETF inobata zvikwata zveparadho kana ETF inobata zvisungo. Zvisinei, varimi vakawanda vari mubhadharo vari kutsvaga kukura kwekureba kwenguva yakawedzerwa pakuwedzera kumari yezvino. Sezvo zvakadaro, chikamu chezvikwata zvinokonzera chikwereti uye zvibvumirano zvepamusoro zvakakodzera kune vakasiya mari, sezvo izvi zvinovapa mukana wekuchengetedza kana kukura mukuru pamusoro penguva.

Kubva sezvo ETFs inobhadhara mitero, inogona kuva dzakasarudzwa kushandiswa kwekutsvaga kwevatengesi nematareji ekubhadhara mari.

IEF dzakawanda dzinotarisa pane zvikamu, izvo zvinoreva kuti vatengesi vari kutsvaga kutsvaga kune dzimwe nzvimbo pamusika sehutano hwehutano, teknolojia, zvishandiso, uye simba vane ETF dzakawanda dzinodhura dzekusarudza kubva.

Mienzaniso yeE ETF Yepamusoro Kutenga muMusika Nhasi

Kune zviuru zveTFs kusarudza kubva mumusika, asi zvakakosha kune vashandi vakawanda kuderedza zvisarudzo zvavo kumari inotengeswa zvikuru uye ine zvinhu zvakakwirira pasi pekutarisira. Inoshandiswa zvakadzama ETFs inowanzovhara nzvimbo dzenyika yemusika izvo zvingave zvisina kukodzera kune vashandi vemazuva ose nekuda kwezvavanogona kuti vakwanise kutengesa misika. Mukuwedzera, zvakanyanya kutengesa ETFs dzinogona kutengesa kumusoro kana pasi (painotangira kana kuti zvishoma) kusvika kumatare emari inoshandiswa yezvinobatanidzwa.

Nezvakaitika izvi, uye pasina urongwa humwe, apa pane gumi zveTFF dzakawanda dzekutenga mumusika nhasi:

1. S & P SPDR (SPY): ETF yakare uye yakakura kuongorora S & P 500 index, SPY inotengeswa yeTFF iyo inomirira mazana mashanu emadhora makuru eU.S. pamaketani emari. Mari inodhura ndeye 0.09 muzana.

1. iShares Core S & P 500 (IVV): Imwe ETF yakakura inoona S & P 500, IVV inotengeswa ETF yakazara nehupfumi hwezvinhu, izvo zvinoita kuti iite sekumanikidzwa kwekubata seSPY. Mari inoshandiswa iri pasi pedombo paingokwana 0,04 chete.
2. iShares Russell 3000 (IWV): Iyi ETF inogona kuonekwa se "chikwata chemashekero ose" index fund nokuti inotora iyo yose yeAmerica yemusika, iyo inosanganisira zviduku, midhi uye yakawanda-mashizha. Nhamba yebhadharo yeIWV inokwana 0,20 muzana.
3. iShares MSCI EAFE (EFA): Vatengesi vachitsvaka ETF iyo inotengeswa mumatokari kunze kweU.S. naCanada inogona kuwedzera kuwedzera EFA kumapatoti awo. EAFE acronym inomiririra Europe, Australasia (Australia neAsia), uye Far East. Iko mari yepamusoro pezvikwereti zvekunze 900 uye mari yebhadharo inenge 0.33 muzana.
4. iShares Russell 2000 (IWM): Vashandi vanoda kutsvaga kumakambani maduku eUnited States vanogona kutenga ETF yakafanana neIWM uye kuwana mari inodhura iyo inotevera runyararo raRussell 2000, rinosanganisira makuru maviri eAmerica maduku. Nhamba yebhadharo yeIWM inokwana 0,20 muzana.
5. iShares Core US Aggregate Bond (AGG): Iyi ETF inobva kuShares inotora "mahara" mushamba wekutengesa kuburikidza nekutsvaga Barclay's Aggregate Bond Index, inosvika zviuru zvezvisungo zveUnited States. Mari inoshandiswa inongova 0.05 muzana chete.
6. Utano Hwakasarudza Sarudza Mutambo SPDR (XLV): ETFs inogona kunge yakashongedza mashandisirwo ekuwana zvikamu zvemusika uye XLV inosanganisira nhepfenyuro yehutano, iyo inosanganisira mashizha emakambani anobatanidzwa mune zvemishonga, kutarisira zvipatara, zvigadzirwa zvemishonga, biotechnology nezvimwewo. Mari inoshandiswa iri 0.14 muzana.
7. Technology Select Sector SPDR (XLK): Iyi ETF inopa ruzivo rwekambani yekambaniki, iyo inosanganisira maindasitiri anobatanidzwa mumakombiyuta hardware nemashandisirwo, maT IT services, zvemagariro evanhu, uye nhepfenyuro. Mariro yeXLK inenge 0,14 muzana.
8. Energy Select Sector SPDR (XLE): Vashandi vanoda kutsvaga kumagetsi vane simba vanogona kufunga kutenga zvikamu zve XLE, iyo inofamba uye inotsanangura iyo inosanganisira mashizha emakambani anobatanidzwa mumafuta, gas, uye mamwe maindasitiri. Nhamba yebhadharo yeXLE iri 0.14 muzana.
9. Zvishandiso Sarudza Mutambo SPDR (XLU): Imwe nzvimbo yemusika iyo vatengi vanowanzoda kutsvaga iyo inoshandiswa, iyo inotarisa rondedzero inosanganisira zvikwama zvekambani dzinobatanidzwa mumagetsi uye emagetsi emagetsi, pamwe chete nevatori vezvigetsi nekutengesa. Mariro yeXLU inenge 0.14 muzana.

Nzira Yokutenga ETFs

Kuti atenge ETFs, vatengesi vanofanira kuzarura kambani yekutengeserana, iyo inogona kuitwa nyore nyore neinowanikwa purogiramu yekutsvaga kwekambani yekutsvaga, seSchwab, TD Ameritrade, kana Scottrade. Makambani makuru makuru ehurumende yakadai seVanguard uye Fidelity anopawo maEFS akasiyana-siyana.

Iko Balance haisi kupa mutero, utsvaga, kana mari yemari uye mazano. Mashoko aya ari kuendeswa asina kufunga nezvezvinangwa zvekutsvaga, kushivirira kune ngozi, kana mamiriro emari yemumwe mutengesi chaiyo uye angave asina kukodzera kune varairi vese. Basa rekare harisi kuratidza migumisiro yemangwana. Kuisa mari kunosanganisira njodzi dzinosanganisira kurasikirwa kwatinoitwa mukuru.