Nyaya yeBerkshire Hathaway's Billionaire Chairman
Paaiva nemakore matanhatu bedzi, Buffett akatenga 6-mapepa eCoca-Cola kubva kuchitoro chekurukuru vake kwemakumi makumi maviri nemashanu mashekeri uye akadzorera rimwe nerimwe mabhodhoro kuti rive nickel, achitengesa zvikamu zvishanu zvemari. Kunyange vamwe vana vaiva nezera rake vari kutamba hopscotch uye jacks, Warren akanga achiita mari . Makore mashanu gare gare, Buffett akatora danho rake rokutanga kupinda munyika yepamusoro yemari.
Pazera remakore gumi nemana, akatenga mapoka matatu eCities Service Akasarudzwa pa $ 38 mugove wega wega nehanzvadzi yake, Doris. Nguva pfupi mushure mokutenga chikwata, chakawira kudarika $ 27 chete payo. Vakatya asi vakashingaira Warren vakabata zvikamu zvake kusvika vasvika ku $ 40. Akakurumidza kuvatengesa - kukanganisa aizobva asvika kuzvidemba. Midzi Dhipatimendi Inoshandiswa kusvika ku $ 200. Chiitiko ichi chakamudzidzisa imwe yezvidzidzo zvekutanga zvekutsvaga: kushivirira isimba.
Dzidzo yeWarren Buffett
Muna 1947, Warren Buffett akapedza chikoro chesekondari paaiva nemakore gumi nemashanu.
Yakanga isati yambova nechinangwa chokuenda kuchikoro; akanga atoita $ 5,000 achipa mapepanhau (izvi zvakaenzana ne $ 42,610.81 muna 2000). Baba vake vaiva nezvimwe zvirongwa uye vakakurudzira mwanakomana wavo kuenda kuWharton Business School paYunivhesiti yePennsylvania.
Buffett akangogara makore maviri, achin'un'una kuti aiziva kupfuura vaprofesa vake.
Apo Howard akakundwa mu1948 Congressional race, Warren akadzokera kumba kuOmaha ndokuendeswa kuYunivhesiti yeNebraska-Lincoln. Pasinei nekushanda nguva yakazara, akakwanisa kupedza makore matatu chete.
Warren Buffett akaenda kushure padzidzo nekudzivisa kumwe chete kwaakaratidzira makore mashoma apfuura. Iye akazopedzisira agumburwa kushanda kuHarvard Business School, iyo, mukusarudzwa kwakaipisisa kwakagarwa munhoroondo, yakamuramba "sechinyanya". Chiedza, Warren akazoshanda ku Columbia apo varairi vakakurumbira Ben Graham naDavid Dodd vakadzidzisa-chiitiko chinogona kuchinja zvachose hupenyu hwake.
Ben Graham - Buffett's Mentor
Ben Graham akanga ava kuzivikanwa munguva dze1920s. Panguva imwe nyika yose yakanga iri kusvika kune imwe nzvimbo yekutsvaga kwekutsvaga sekuti iyo yaiva giant game ye roulette, Graham akatsvaka mashizha akanga asina mari zvokuti akanga ava pedyo zvachose asina dambudziko . Chimwe chekufona kwake kunonyanya kuzivikanwa kwaiva Northern Northern Pipe Line, kambani yekufambisa mafuta inotungamirirwa neRockefellers.
Nzvimbo yacho yaitengeserana ne $ 65 mugove, asi mushure mekudzidza bhadha , Graham akaziva kuti kambani iyi yakanga ine zvibvumirano zvinokwana madhora makumi mapfumbamwe nemadhora makumi matanhatu nemakumi mashanu. Kukosha kwevatengesi vakaedza kukurudzira vatungamiri kutengesa chikwereti, asi vakaramba.
Nenguva pfupi pashure pacho, akashandisa purogiramu yehondo uye akawana nzvimbo paBhodi reVatungamiriri . Iyo kambani yakatengesa zvisungo zvayo uye yakabhadhara chikamu pamari ye $ 70 negawani.
Apo aive nemakore makumi mana, Ben Graham akabudisa Security Analysis , rimwe remabasa makuru pane akanyorwa pamusika wekutengesa. Panguva iyoyo, yakanga iri ngozi; Kuisa mari muzvikwereti kwakanga kwava joke ( Dow Jones yakanga yaburuka kubva 381.17 kusvika 41.22 pamusoro pemakore matatu kusvika mana emakore achatevera kuparara kwa1929). Yakanga iri pedyo nenguva ino iyo Graham akauya neshoko re "intrinsic" bhizimusi rinokosha - chiyero chechokwadi chebhizimisi chakakosha chakanga chakazara uye chakasununguka zvachose pamutengo wematengo .
Kushandisa kukosha kwemukati, vatengesi vanogona kusarudza kuti kambani yakakosha nekuita zvisarudzo zvekusimudzira maererano. Bhuku rake raitevera, The Intelligent Investor , iyo Warren inopemberera se "bhuku guru pane yekuisa mari yakarembera yakanyorwa," yakaunza nyika kuna Mr. Market - ndiyo yakanakisisa yekutsinhanisa mari munhoroondo.
Achishandisa nzira dzake dzakajeka asi dzikawanda dzenyika, Ben Graham akava chimiro chakanaka kune makumi maviri nemakore ainzi Warren Buffett. Kuverenga bhuku rekare re Who Who, Warren akawana murangariri wake aiva Sachigaro wekambani duku, risingazivikanwi inonzi GEICO. Akakonzera chitima kuenda kuWashington DC mumwe musi weMugovera mangwanani kuti awane mahofisi makuru. Paakazosvika ipapo, masuo akanga akavharwa. Asingaregi, Buffett akashandura pamusuwo kusvikira mutariri achiuya kuzomuzarura. Akabvunza kana pane ani zvake muimba.
Sezvo rombo (kana kuti rakazoitika) raizova naro, pane. Zvinotarisa kuti pakanga pane murume achiri kushanda padhoro rechitanhatu. Warren akaendeswa kunosangana naye uye akabva atanga kumubvunza mibvunzo pamusoro pekambani uye maitiro ebhizimisi; kukurukurirana kwakatambanudzwa kwemaawa mana. Murume uyu akanga asiri mumwe kunze kwaRimimer Davidson, weMari Visi Mutungamiri. Chiitiko chacho chaive chimwe chinhu chakasara naBuffett kwehupenyu hwake hwose. Pakupedzisira akawana iyo yose GEICO kambani kuburikidza nesangano rake, Berkshire Hathaway.
Achifambisa kuburikidza nedzidzo dzake dzokudzidza kuColombia, Warren Buffett ndiye chete mudzidzi akamboita A + mune rimwe remakirasi aGraham. Asingafadzi, Ben Graham nababa vaWarren vakamupa zano rokuti arege kushanda paWall Street mushure mokunge apedza kudzidza. Zvakanyatsogadziriswa, Buffett akazvipira kushanda pamwe chete nehutano hweGraham. Ben akamuderedza. Akasarudza kubata nzvimbo dzake dzevaJudha vakanga vasina kukodzwa kune veMamwe Marudzi makambani panguva iyoyo. Warren akapwanyika.
Warren Buffett Anodzorera Kusha
Achidzoka kumusha, akatora basa paimba yababa vake yekutengeserana ndokutanga kuona musikana ainzi Susie Thompson. Ukama hwacho hwakazoshanduka hukuru uye munaEpril 1952, vaviri vacho vakaroorana. Vakabhadhara imba yepamusoro matatu ye $ 65 pamwedzi; chakanga chichidzika-pasi uye murume nemudzimai vechidiki vakagovana nzvimbo yacho nemhuri yeveveve. Yaiva pano mwanasikana wavo, anonziwo Susie, akaberekwa. Kuti vachengetedze mari, vakamuitira mubhedha muvharo rakagadzirwa.
Mumakore aya okutanga, mari yaWarren yakawanda yakanga isingakwanisi kuTechaco uye dzimwe dzimba , asiwo hazvina kubudirira. Yaivawo panguva ino akatanga kudzidzisa masikati manheru kuYunivhesiti yeOmaha (chimwe chinhu chakanga chisingave chakaita mwedzi yakati yapfuura.) Mukuedza kukurira kutya kwake kukuru kwekutaura pachena, Warren akatora dzidzo naDale Carnegie). Ndinofara, zvinhu zvakachinja. Ben Graham akadana rimwe zuva, achikoka mudiki wechikwata kuti auye kuzomushandira. Warren akazopiwa mukana waakamirira kwenguva refu.
Warren Buffett Anoenda Kushandira Ben Graham
Warren naSusie vakatamira kune imwe nzvimbo mumisha yeNew York. Buffett akapedza mazuva ake achiongorora nhau dzeS & P, kutsvaga mikana yekutsvaga. Yaiva panguva iyi apo kusiyana pakati peGraham naBuffett mafilosofi akatanga kubuda.
Warren akazofarira kuti kambani yakashanda sei - chii chakaita kuti iwedzere kumakwikwi. Ben aingoda nhamba asi Warren ainyanya kufarira kutungamira kwekambani sechinhu chakakosha paaisarudza kuisa mari, Graham akatarisa pazhizha rekushambadzira uye mutemo wemari ; aigona kutarisira zvishoma nezvehutungamiri hwekambani. Pakazosvika 1950 kusvika muna 1956, Warren akavaka mari yake kusvika ku $ 140 000 kubva kune $ 9,800 chete. Aine chifuva chehondo, akaisa maonero ake kumashure Omaha ndokutanga kuronga kubuda kwake.
Musi waMay 1, 1956, Warren Buffett akapedza vanomwe vashoma vaibatana avo vaisanganisira hanzvadzi yake Doris naAmai Alice, vachikwira $ 105,000 mukuita. Akaisa mu $ 100 pachake, achigadzirisa zviri pachena Buffett Associates, Ltd. Kusati kwapera gore, akanga achitarisira madhora mazana matatu nemazana matatu emadhora.
Muduku, kutaura zvishomanana, asi akanga ane zvirongwa zvakakura zvehomwe iyoyo yemari. Akatenga mari ye $ 31 500, achidaidzwa nezita rokuti "Buffett's Folly", uye akakwanisa kubatana kwake kubva kune imwe yemakamuri emumba, uye gare gare, hofisi duku. Panguva ino, hupenyu hwake hwakatanga kuumbwa; aiva nevana vatatu, mukadzi akanaka, uye bhizimisi rakabudirira chaizvo.
Mumakore mashanu akatevera, hukama hwaBuffett hwakabvarura purogiramu inoshamisa ye251.0%, nepo Dow yakanga yakasvika 74.3% chete. Chimwe chinhu-mukurumbira muguta rekumusha kwake, Warren haana kumbopa mazano ekugadzirisa pasinei nekukumbira nguva dzose kubva kune shamwari nesingazivikanwi zvakafanana. Pakazosvika 1962, kubatana kwaiva nemari inopfuura madhora 7.2 mamiriyoni, ayo $ 1 mamiriyoni akazonaka aiva bindu raBuffett (haana kubhadhara mari yekubatana - asi Warren aiva nekodzero yekupa chikamu chechina chezvikamu zvinopfuura 4%) .
Akanga anewo vanopfuura makumi masere vanobatana navo muUnited States. Mune rimwe runyararo rwakafamba, akashandura hukama huri mune imwe sangano inonzi "Buffett Partnerships Ltd.", akaisa huwandu hwekutsvaga huwandu kune $ 100,000, uye akazarura hofisi muKiewit Plaza paFarnam mumugwagwa.
Muna 1962, murume ane zita raCharlie Munger akadzokera kumusha wake wehuduku weOmaha wokuCalifornia. Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe dzisingabvumi, Munger aive akangwara mune imwe nzira yezwi. Akange aenda kuHarvard Law School pasina Bachelor's Degree. Yakagadzirwa neshamwari, Bhutett naCharlie vakakurumidza kusangana pamwe chete, vachipa midzi yehukama nebhizimisi kubatana kwaizogara kwemakore makumi mana anotevera.
Makumi gumi mushure mekugadzwa kwaro, mari yeBuffett Partnership yakanga inopfuura 1 156% ichienzanisa neDow's 122.9%. Achiita saishe pamusoro pezvinhu zvakange zvakashandiswa kusvika $ 44 Mamiriyoni, danda raWarren naSusie raiva $ 6,849,936. Mr. Buffett, sezvavanotaura, akanga asvika.
Nokuchenjera zvakakwana, sezvo zvaakakwanisa kuita zvekubudirira zvakanga zvatanga kutomiswa zvakasimba, Warren Buffett akavhara kubatana kwemareji matsva. Hondo yeVietnam yakazara nesimba kune rumwe rutivi rwepasi uye misika yekutengeswa yakanga ichidzingwa nevaya vakanga vasati varipo munguva yekuora mwoyo. Vose vachitaura nezvekunetseka kwake kwekukwira kwemaitengo emabhizimisi, kubatana kwacho kwakakonzera kupindira kwayo kukuru muna 1968, kunyoresa hupfumi hwema 59.0% muhutano, hunokwana kudarika $ 104 mamiriyoni muzvinhu.
Gore rakatevera, Warren akapfuurira mberi kupfuura kupfigira chikwereti kune zvinyorwa zvitsva; iye akashandura kubatana. Muna Chivabvu 1969, akaudza avo vaaifambidzana naye kuti "haakwanisi kuwana chero zvipi zvayo mumisika yazvino". Buffett akapedza nguva yakasara yegore ichigadzirisa nzvimbo yacho, kunze kwekambani mbiri - Berkshire uye Diversified Retailing.
Zvikamu zveBerkshire zvakagoverwa pakati pevashandi pamwe netsamba inobva kuWarren ichivaudza kuti aizodaro, mune imwe nzvimbo, aizobatanidzwa mubhizinesi, asi akanga asingasungirwi navo munguva yemberi. Warren akanga akajeka muchinangwa chake chokubata padanda rake mukambani (aiva ne 29% yeBerkshire Hathaway stock) asi vavariro dzake dzakanga dzisingaratidzi.
Warren Buffett Kuwana Mutemo weBerkshire Hathaway
Basa reBuffett paBerkshire Hathaway rakanga rave rave rakatsanangurwa makore akapfuura. Musi waMay 10, 1965, mushure mekunge vaunganidza 49% yezvibatanidza zviyo, Warren akazvitumidza kuti Mutungamiriri. Kutyisa kukuru kwakange kwakamhanisa kambani yacho zvakanyanya kusvika pasi, uye aive nechokwadi nechidiki chekudzikisa, zvingave zviri nani kugadziriswa.
Pakarepo Mutongi Buffett akaita mutungamiri weKen Chace wekambani, achimupa rusununguko rwakakwana pamusoro pesangano. Kunyange zvazvo akaramba kuronga chikwereti zvingasarudzwa pamusana pokusaruramisira kune vagoveri, Warren akabvuma kupa mari yechikwereti kwe $ 18,000 kumutungamiri wake mutsva kutenga zviguru zvuru zvehomwe yekambani.
Makore maviri gare gare, muna 1967, Warren akabvunza muchengeti weNational Indemnity uye muchengeti wekutarisira chikamu Jack Ringwalt kuhofisi yake. Akabvunzwa kuti aifunga kuti kambani yakakosha sei, Ringwalt akaudza Buffett kambani yacho yaikodzera mari inosvika $ 50 per share, $ 17 premium pamusoro payo yekutengeserana kwema $ 33.
Warren akazvipira kutenga iyo kambani yose panzvimbo iyo - kuchinja kwakamutengesa $ 8.6 mamiriyoni emadhora. Gore rimwe chete, Berkshire yakabhadhara chikamu chemasenti gumi pamusana wayo. Hazvina kumboitika zvakare; Warren akati "anofanira kunge akange ari muimba yekugezera apo chikamu chakataurirwa".
Muna 1970, Buffett akazviti iye Sachigaro weBhodi yeBerkshire Hathaway uye kwenguva yekutanga, akanyorera tsamba kune vagoveri (Ken Chace akanga ari mutariri webasa munguva yakapfuura). Gore rimwe chete, sachigaro weHachigaro yakatanga kuratidza kungwara kwake.
Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvaiva nemadhora $ 45,000, asi inshuwarisi uye bhangi imwe neimwe yakaunza $ 2.1 uye $ 2.6 mamiriyoni emadhora. Iko mari yakawanda yakaunzwa kubva kuLooms inotambudza muNew Bedford, Massachusetts yakanga yakapa ruzivo rwemari yakakosha kutanga kutanga kuvaka Berkshire Hathaway mune zvave zviri nhasi.
Gore kana kupfuura gare gare, Warren Buffett akapiwa mukana wekutenga kambani nezita rinonzi See's Candy. The gourmet chocolate maker yakatengesa maruva ayo emakwenzi kune vatengi vayo pamusana pekugara kwechinguva. Nhamba yemari yakaratidza zvaive zvakazivikanwa neCalifornia - vainge vakagadzirira kubhadhara zvishoma "zvekare" nokuda kwekunaka kwe "See's".
Bhizinesi racho rakasarudza Berkshire kuti aida kutenga kambani ye $ 25 mamiriyoni mumari. Onai varidzi vakanga vakabata $ 30 mamiriyoni, asi munguva pfupi vakagamuchira. Yaiva iyo yakakosha zvikuru yekuburitsa Berkshire kana Buffett akamboita.
Kutevedzera zvikwereti zvakasiyana-siyana uye svondo reS SEC (pashure pokukonzera kubatana kusakundikana, Warren naMuger vakazvipira kutenga sengo reWesco, kambani inotarisirwa, pamutengo wakakanganiswa nokuti vaifunga kuti "chinhu chakanaka chekuita" - hazvishamisi , hurumende haina kuvatenda), Buffett akatanga kuona Berkshire Hathaway yakakodzera kukwira.
Kubvira muna 1965 kusvikira muna 1975, mabhuku ekambani iyi yakasimuka kubva pamadhora makumi maviri nemazana maviri kusvika kune imwe ye $ 95. Yaivawo panguva iyi apo Warren akaita zvokutenga zvekupedzisira zveBrackshire stock. (Panguva iyo kubatana kwacho kuchikanda zvikamu, iye aiva ne 29%.
Makore gare gare, akanga atora mari inodarika madhora 15.4 emadhora emakambani pamusana wepamusoro mari ye $ 32.45 per share.) Izvi zvakaita kuti pfuma yake ive yepamusoro 43% yemuitengo naSusie ane imwe 3%. Bhera rake rose rakaiswa muBerkshire. Pasina hupfumi hwemunhu, kambani yakanga yava ndiyo motokari yemotokari.
Muna 1976, Buffett zvakare akazobatanidzwa ne GEICO. Iyo kambani yakanga ichangobva kutaurira kukanganisa kwakakura kunoshamisa uye nhumbi dzayo yakaderedzwa kusvika ku $ 2 pagoga. Warren akachenjera akaziva kuti bhizinesi rekutanga rakanga richiri rakasimba; dzakawanda zvezvinetso zvakakonzerwa neboka rekuchengetedza.
Mumakore mashomanana akatevera, Berkshire yakavaka nzvimbo yayo mune iyi inshuwarisi yakaremara uye yakakohwa mamiriyoni muzvikwereti. Benjamin Graham, uyo akanga achengeta fuma yake mukambani, akafa munaSeptember wegore iroro, nguva pfupi isati yasvika. Makore gare gare, guru remushuwarenzi raizova rubatsiro rwakakwana rweBerkshire.
Kuchinja muhupenyu hwehupenyu hweWarren Buffett
Yakanga iri pfupi pashure pacho chimwe chezviitiko zvakanyanyisa uye zvinotambudza muupenyu hweBuffett zvakaitika. Pachine makumi mana nemashanu, Susan Buffett akasiya murume wake - muchimiro. Kunyange zvazvo akaramba akaroora Warren, mubatsiri / munyori akawana imba muSan Francisco uye, achiomerera kuti aida kugara ari oga, akatamira ikoko.
Warren akange aparadzwa chose; muupenyu hwake hwose, Susie akanga ari "zuva uye mvura mumunda [wake]". Vaya vaviri vakagara vari pedyo, vachitaura zuva nezuva, vachitora rwendo rwavo rwemavhiki maviri rwendo rweNew York, uye vanosangana nevana paCalifornia beach house nokuda kweKrisimasi pamwe chete.
Kuchinja kwaiva kwakaoma kumunhu webhizimisi, asi pakupedzisira akazove akajairika kurongwa hutsva. Susie akadana vakadzi vanoverengeka munzvimbo yeOmaha ndokusimbisa kuti vaende kunodya uye firimu nemurume wake; pakupedzisira, akaisa Warren ne Astrid Menks, a waitress. Mukati megore, akafamba naBuffett, vose vane chikomborero chaSusie.
Warren Buffett Anoda Nickel Maviri Kuti Azvibvise pamwechete
Pakazosvika 70s, mukurumbira wake wakanga wakura kusvika pakupedzisira makuhwa Warren Buffett akanga achitenga chikwata chakanga chakakwana kuti adzorere mutengo wacho kusvika 10%. Berkshire Hathaway's stock yaitengeserana kudarika $ 290 pamwe, uye hupfumi hweBuffett hwaive madhora $ 140 mamiriyoni. Iko kusina hanya kwaiva kuti Warren haana kutengesa mugove mumwe chete wekambani yake, zvinoreva kuti mari yake yose yakawanikwa yaiva $ 50,000 mubhadharo waakagamuchira. Munguva iyi, akaudza mumwe mutengesi, "Zvose zvandakawana zvakasungwa muBerkshire, ndinoda nickels shomanana kunze."
Izvi zvakaita kuti Warren atange kuisa mari yehupenyu hwake. Maererano nebhuku raRoger Lowenstein, Buffett , Warren ainyanya kufunga nezvekutsvaga kwake kupfuura zvaaiva naBerkshire. Pane imwe nguva akatenga mhangura yemhangura yakanga isingafungidziri. Munguva pfupi, akanga aita $ 3 Mamiriyoni emadhora. Apo akakurudzirwa kuisa mari muimba yekugara nemumwe shamwari, akapindura kuti: "Sei ndichifanira kutenga zvivako kana misika yekutengesa iri nyore?"
Berkshire Hathaway Anopa Hurongwa Hwekupa Vamwe Chipo
Pave paya, Buffett akamboratidzazve chimiro chake chekugadzirisa tsika yakakurumbira. Muna 1981, makore gumi emakaro, Berkshire akazivisa hurongwa hutsva hwerudo rwaifungidzirwa na Munger uye akatenderwa naWarren. Chirongwa chacho chaida kuti mugove wega wega apiwe ruzivo rwezvipo zvingagamuchira $ 2 yega yega Berkshire mugove wevashandi vayo.
Izvi zvaive zvichienderana nemuitiro wakajairika paWall Street weEECO kusarudza avo vakagamuchira kambani dzekambani (kazhinji vaizoenda kuzvikoro zvevakuru, makereke, nemasangano). Chirongwa chacho chaiva kubudirira kukuru uye pamusoro pemakore chiyero chakanga chave chichigadzirirwa chikamu chimwe nechimwe. Pakupedzisira, vatengesi veBerkshire vakanga vachipa mamiriyoni emadhora gore rega rega, zvose kuzvikonzero zvavo.
Purogiramu yakazoguma mushure mekushamwaridzana kune imwe yebazi reBerkshire, The Pampered Chef, kusarura kusangana nekuda kwekukakavadzana kwakasarudzwa kwezvipo zvipo Buffett akasarudza kugovera chikamu chake chakanaka chechipo chekupa rubatsiro. Chimwe chiitiko chakakosha panguva ino chaiyo mutengo wematengo wakakonzera $ 750 mugove muna 1982. Zvizhinji zvezvaiwana zvinogona kuonekwa kuBerkshire's stock portfolio iyo yakakosha kudarika $ 1.3 mabhiriyoni emadhora.
Warren Buffett Anotenga Nebraska Furniture Mart, Scott Fetzer uye Airplane yeBerkshire Hathaway
Kwemabhizimisi ose akanaka Berkshire akanga apedza kuunganidza, chimwe chezvakanakisisa chakanga chava kuda kupinda pasi. Muna 1983, Warren Buffett akapinda muNebraska Furniture Mart, mutengesi wemamiriyoni emadhora emadhora akavakwa kubva pakutanga naRose Blumpkin. Kutaura naMadzi B, sezvo vagari vomunharaunda vaimushevedza, Buffett akabvunza kana aizoda kutengesa dhaka kuBerkshire Hathaway.
Mhinduro yaBumpumpkin yakanga iri nyore "hongu", iyo yaakawedzera kuti aizotora "$ 60 mamiriyoni". The deal yakaiswa chisimbiso pamubati wehomwe uye kambani imwe peji yakagadzirwa. Vanhu vanobva kuRussia vakaberekerwa kunze vakangopeta cheki vasina kutarisa pairi paakaigamuchira mazuva mashure gare.
Scott & Fetzer yaiva imwe kuwedzera kukuru kune mhuri yeBerkshire. Iyo kambani pachayo yakanga iine chinangwa chekutora hutsinye apo LPO yakatangwa naRalph Schey, sachigaro. Gore racho raiva muna 1984, uye Ivan Boesky akakurumidza kupa shanduro yemadhora makumi matanhatu ($ 60 a) (iyo yepakutanga yepepa yekutengesa yakamira pa $ 50 imwe - $ 5 pamusoro pemari yemari).
Muiti weKirby vacuum cleaners uye World Book encyclopedia, S & F yakanga iri kunetseka. Buffett, uyo akanga ane chikamu chechina chezvikamu zvemamiriyoni, akasiya shoko kune kambani achivabvunza kuti vashe kana vachifarira kubatana. Foni yakarira pakarepo. Berkshire yakapa madhora 60 mugove wega wega mukutonhora, zvakaoma, mari.
Apo basa racho rakanga rakaputirwa zvishoma kwevhiki imwe chete gare gare, Berkshire Hathaway yakanga ine $ 315 Mamiriyoni emadhora ekugadzira simba rekuwedzera kuti iwedzere kune yakagadzirwa. Mvura shoma yemari yakatorwa kubva mukutambura kwemagetsi yakave yakavaka rimwe remakambani ane simba munyika. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshamisa zvaifanira kuitika mumakore gumi anotevera. Berkshire yaizoona chikamu chayo chikamu chichikwira kubva pamadhora mazana maviri nemazana maviri kusvika kuma $ 80,000 muma1999.
Muna 1986, Buffett akatenga ndege ye Falcon yakashandiswa kwe $ 850,000. Sezvaakanga achiwedzera kuonekwa, zvakanga zvisingachagoneki kuti aende kune zvekutengesa. Pfungwa yehupfumi yaiva mararamiro aive akaoma kuti agamuchire, asi aida jet zvikuru. Kuda kwejetsti pakupedzisira, mune chikamu, kwakamutungamirira kutenga Mutungamiri Jet mumakore ekuma 90.
Vane makore makumi mapfumbamwe nemana vakaenderera mberi neBerkshire vachiwedzera mukukosha sekuti kana vari kuvhara, iyo nzira chete mumugwagwa uri kuparara kwegore ra1979. Warren, uyo akanga asina kugumburwa pamusoro pekugadziriswa kwemusika, akanyatsoongorora mutengo wekambani yake ndokudzokera kubasa . Yakanga yakamiririra maonero aaiona mabhizimisi uye mabhizinesi mazviri. Ichi chaiva chimwe che " Mr. Market's " kubviswa kwenguva pfupi. Yaiva yakasimba kwazvo; chikamu chechina chechechi yeBerkshire yakasimudzwa . Asina kukanganiswa, Warren akarima.
Ndichatora Coke
Gore rakatevera, muna 1988, akatanga kutenga chikwata cha Coca-Cola sechirwere. Muvakidzani wake wekare, iye zvino Mutungamiri weCoca-Cola, akacherechedza kuti mumwe munhu akanga ari kukwira pane zvikamu uye akazova nehanya. Mushure mekutsvakurudza kutengesa, akacherechedza kuti mishonga yaive ichibva kuMidwest.
Akakurumidza kufunga nezveBuffett, waakadana. Warren akareurura kuti ndiye mutongi uye akakumbira kuti varege kutaura nezvazvo kusvikira aine mutemo wakafanira kuti adzivise kubata kwake pa 5% pachikumbaridzo. Mumwedzi mishomanana, Berkshire yaive ne7% yekambani iyi kana $ 1.02 mabhiriyoni emadhora ematengo aya. Mumakore matatu, Buffett's Coca-Cola chikafu chaikosha kupfuura kukosha kwose kweBerkshire paakaita sarudzo.
Mari yeWarren Buffett uye Nhamba Yake Pamusoro Penguva PaSolomon Scandal
Pakazosvika 1989, Berkshire Hathaway yaitengeserana ne $ 8,000. Buffett iye zvino, pachake, inokosha kudarika $ 3.8 mabhiriyoni emadhora. Mumakore gumi akatevera, aizotora gumi zvakakwana. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, maiva nenguva yakaoma zvikuru mberi (verenga The Solomon Scandal).
Warren Buffet Pakutendeuka kweMireniyumu
Munguva yezvakasara zvema1990, nhumbi yacho yakasvikidzika yakakura se $ 80,000 pamagetsi. Kunyangwe nechishamiso ichi, sezvakaitwa nendima-com inotyisa, Warren Buffett akatopomerwa "kurasikirwa nekubata kwake". Muna 1999, apo Berkshire ichitaura kuwedzera kwematare e1,5% pamashizha, mapepanhau akawanda akatamba nyaya pamusoro pekuparadzwa kwe "Oracle yaOmaha".
Aine chivimbo chekuti teknolojia inoputika, Warren Buffett akapfuurira kuita izvo zvaakaita zvakanakisisa: kupa mari kumabhizimusi makuru aive achitengesa pasi pekukosha kwemukati. Kuedza kwake hakuna kubhadhara chikwereti. Apo magetsi akazopedzisira asvika mupfungwa dzavo, Warren Buffett zvakare zvakare nyanzvi. Berkshire's stock yakadzorerwa kumazinga ayo akare mushure mekudonha kusvika kune $ 45,000 payo, uye murume weOmaha akaonekwa zvakare sechiso chekutsvaga mari.