Tsanangudzo shomanana yekuti ungatanga sei kuita mari kubva mumatanda
Muzvokwadi, chakavanzika chekuita mari kubva pakutenga mashizha nekutsvaga mari muzvisungo zvakapfupikidzwa nababa vekupedzisira vanokosha kuisa mari kuna Benjamin Graham paakanyora, "Mari chaiye mukutsvaga inofanira kuitwa - sezvo yakawanda yave iri yakapfuura-kwete kunze kwekutenga nekutengesa, asi pasina kubata uye kuchengetedza zvigadziro, kugamuchira kufarira uye zvikwereti , nekubatsirwa nekuwedzera kwekuwedzerwa kwekukosha. " Kuti uwedzere kunyatsojekesa, semurimi wezvikwata zvakafanana iwe unofanirwa kuisa pfungwa pakudzoka kwakakwana uye uite chisarudzo chekutsinhanisa kwenguva yakareba , izvo zvinoreva pamwero wakakwana, unotarisira kubata nzvimbo imwe neimwe itsva kwemakore mashanu kana iwe uine akasarudza makambani akachengetedza zvakanaka nemari yakasimba uye nhoroondo yevagovera-vane ushamwari hwekuita maitiro.
Ndiyo nzira iyo upfumi hwechokwadi hunovakwa mumusika wekutengeserana kune vekunze, vashandi vasingaiti. Ndizvo:
- Vatori venhau vanowana mari shoma shoma, saRonald Read, vanosvika kudarika $ 8,000,000 muhotera yavo;
- Mumwe murume ainzi Lewis David Zagor, aigara muimba duku muNew York City, akaunganidza $ 18,000,000;
- Gweta Jack MacDonald akaunganidza $ 188,000,000;
- Retired IRS mumiriri Anne Scheiber akamuvakira $ 22,000,000 chikwereti;
- Munyori wekusununguka Grace Groner akazvivakira madhora 7,000,000 podfolio;
- Mumwe murimi wekuchera pedyo neKansas City akaunganidza mamiriyoni pamamiriyoni emadhora, ayo kunyange vana vake vakanga vasingazivi kuti kwaivapo.
Kunyangwe kubudirira, vashandi vepamusoro-soro vakaita saWarren Buffett naCharlie Munger vakaita mari zhinji yemari yavo mumatokari nemabhizimisi avo vaibata 25, kunyange 50+, makore.
Kunyange zvakadaro, vakawanda vatsva vatengesi havasi kunzwisisa chaiwo ma mechanics shure kwekuita mari kubva mumatokari; uko pfuma chaiyo inotanga kana kuti iyo yose inoshanda sei.
Tinopa humwe humwe humwe hutano hwakanaka-huwandu hwematongerwoti kuongorora, mari yehutano, huwandu hwekuwana mari yemitero , kungotumidza mazita mashomanana, asi ichi chinhu chinokosha kubvisa kuitira kuti utore kapu inopisa yekofi, iva nerunyararo mukuverenga kwako kunofarira chigaro, uye regai tikufambei kuburikidza neshanduro yakadzika yekuti mifananidzo yose inobatana sei.
Kuita mari kubva mumatokari kunotanga nokutenga umwene mumabhizimisi chaiwo ekushanda
Paunotenga chikamu chematokari , uri kutenga chikamu chekambani. Fungidzira kuti Harrison Fudge Company, bhizinesi rezvokufungidzira, inotengeswa $ 10 000 000 uye mari inosvika $ 1,000,000. Kuwedzera mari yekuwedzera, vatsigiri vekambani vakaenda kune bhengi rekutsvaga mari vaitengesa zvigadzirwa kuvanhu panzvimbo yekutanga yePublic Offering, kana IPO . Vangave vakati, "Zvakanaka, hatifungi kuti kukura kwako kwakakura saka isu tiri kutengesa izvi kuitira kuti vashandi vemazuva anouya vawane 9% muhutano hwavo pamwe nezvose zvinokura iwe unogadzira ... izvo zvinosvika madhora 11 000 000 + zvakakosha yekambani yose ($ 11 mamiriyoni akaparadzaniswa nemadhora 1 mamiriyoni emari inowanikwa = 9% kudzoka pakushambadzira kwekutanga.) "Zvino, tava kufunga kuti vatsigiri vacho vakatengeswa zvachose panzvimbo pekubudisa zvigadzirwa kuvanhu
Vanyori vekunyora pasi vangave vakati, "Munoziva, tinoda sengo kutengesa $ 25 mugove wega wega nokuti izvo zvinoratidzika zvisingakwanisi kuitira kuti tizochera kambani muzvikamu zvina 440 000, kana zvikamu zvezviyo (440,000 zvikamu x $ 25 = $ 11,000,000.) zvinoreva kuti "chidimbu" chimwe nechimwe kana chikamu chematokari chakakodzerwa ne $ 2.72 yebatsiro ($ 1,000,000 pfuma รท 440,000 chikamu chepamusoro = $ 2.72 per share.) Ichi chiyero chinonzi Basic EPS (nguva pfupi yekuwana mari imwe neimwe.) Nemamwe mazwi, kana iwe unotenga chikamu cheHarrison Fudge Company, iwe uri kutenga kodzero yepro-rata yako inobatsira.
Dai waiwana zvikamu zana zve $ 2 500, iwe unenge uchitenga $ 272 mune purogiramu yemwaka uye chero hupi huri kukura huri mberi (kana kurasikirwa) kambani inogadzirwa. Kana iwe waifunga kuti hutungamiri hutsva hunogona kukonzera kutengesa kwekutengesa kuputika kuitira kuti purogiramu yako ye-pro-rata ive yakakwirira ye5x mumakore mashomanana, zvino izvi zvingava mari inofadza zvikuru.
Mari yakawanda yaunowana kubva mumatokari inotarisana nekutungamirirwa kwei uye gwaro revatungamiri rinopa mari yako
Izvo zvinoderedza mamiriro acho ezvinhu ndeokuti iwe hausi kunyatsoona $ 2.72 mune purofiti iyo ndeyako. Pane kudaro, vatungamiri neBhodi reVatungamiri vane zvishoma zvingasarudzwa nazvo, izvo zvichagadzirisa kubudirira kwekubata kwako kune zvakawanda:
- Inogona kutumira iwe chikamu chemari kune imwe chikamu kana zvose zvepfumi yako. Iyi ndiyo imwe nzira "yekudzorera mari kune vagoveri." Unogona kushandisa iyi mari kuti utenge mamwe mashizha kana kuti uende uripedze chero nzira yaunofanirwa nayo.
- Inogona kudzikinura zvikamu pamusika wakazaruka uye kuaparadza.
- Inogona kudzorera mari mukukura kwekupedzisira kuburikidza nekugadzira dzimwe mafekitari, matoro, kuhaya vashandi vakawanda, kuwedzera kushambadzira, kana imwe nhamba yezvimwe zvinoshandiswa mari zvinotarisirwa kuwedzera mari. Dzimwe nguva, izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kutsvaga kuwanikwa nekubatana.
- Inogona kusimbisa chikwangwani chekuenzanisa nekuderedza chikwereti kana kuvaka chida chemvura .
Ndezvipi zvakakunakira iwe semuridzi? Izvo zvinoenderana zvachose pamutengo wekudzorera kutarisira kunogona kuwana nekudzorerazve mari yako. Kana uine bhizinesi rinoshamisa - funga Microsoft kana Wal-Mart mumazuva ekutanga apo vose vari chikamu chiduku chekukura kwavo kwemazuva ano - kubhadhara chero chikamu chemari chinokanganisa nokuti iyo mari inogona kudzorerwa zvakare . Pakanga paine dzimwe nguva mukati mezana remakore rokutanga mushure mekunge Wal-Mart akaparidzira kuti yakawana zvinodarika makumi matanhatu kubva muzana kune vagoveri vemari. Izvo hazvitendi. Idzo mhando dzekudzoka dzinowanzova dziripo munhau dzevhangeri asi, pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaSam Walton, mutengesi weBentonville-akakwanisa kuibvisa uye kuita shamwari dzakawanda, vatyairi vemotokari, uye kunze kwevanosungirirwa vakapfuma mukugadzirisa.
Berkshire Hathaway haibhadhari mari inobhadhara apo US Bancorp yakagadzirisa kudzorera mari inopfuura 80% yevashandi vanoita sezvikamu zvezvikamu uye zvikwereti zvezvitoro gore negore. Pasinei nekusiyana uku, vose vari vaviri vane mikana yekuve yakakosha zvikuru kubhadhara pamutengo wakakodzera (uye kunyanya kana iwe ukanyatsocherechedza mararamiro ekugadziriswa ) kana zvikashambadzira pamutengo wakakodzera; somuenzaniso, chikamu chinonzwisiswa chinogadziriswa peG ratio . Ini pachedu, ndine mhando mbiri dzekambani idzi seyenguva ino nyaya iyi yakabudiswa uye ndingadai ndakatsamwiswa kana USB yakatanga kutevera imwechete iyo kugoverwa kwemabasa seBershire nokuti haina mikana yakafanana nayo inowanikwa kurambidzwa panzvimbo yekambani yebhizimisi inobata .
Pakupedzisira, chero mari yaunoita kubva mumatokisi ako inouya kune zvishoma zvezvikamu zvekudzoka kwakakwana, kusanganisira mari inowanikwa uye zvikamu
Iye zvino zvaunoona izvi, zviri nyore kunzwisisa kuti upfumi hwako hwakavakwa zvikuru kubva:
- Kuwedzera kwekugovana mutengo. Pamusoro penguva refu, ichi ndicho chikonzero chemusika unokoshesa mari inowedzera kuburikidza nekuwedzera mune bhizinesi kana kugoverana zvekugoverwa , izvo zvinoita mugove mumwe wega unomirira huwandu huri mune bhizinesi. Nemamwe mazwi, kana bhizinesi rine mari ye $ 10 inowedzera 20% kwemakore gumi kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwekuwedzera uye kugoverana zvekudzikinura, inofanira kuva inenge $ 620 payo mugove mukati memakore gumi semugumisiro wemasimba aya anotora Wall Street anochengetedza mutengo mumwechete -to-mapato chikwata .
- Zvikamu. Kana mibairo inobhadharwa kwauri nenzira yezvikwereti, iwe unogamuchira mari kuburikidza ne cheki mumakero, kuiswa zvakananga kubhengi yako yekwereti , kuongorora kambani, kana kuti kero yekuchengetedza, kana kuti nenzira yezvimwe zvikamu zvakadzorerwazve panzvimbo yako . Zvimwe, iwe unogona kupa, kupedza, kana kuvhara zvikamu izvi mumari.
Pane dzimwe nguva, panguva yemakutu emakemikari, unogona kuva nemukana wekuita purogiramu nekutengesa kune mumwe munhu kupfuura zvinowanikwa nekambani. Mukufamba kwenguva, zvisinei, kubhadhara komuridzi wezvikwereti hazvibvumirwi kusungirirwa kune pfuma inobatanidzwa nemaitiro emabhizimisi aanoita.
Iko Balance haisi kupa mutero, utsvaga, kana mari yemari uye mazano. Mashoko aya ari kuendeswa asina kufunga nezvezvinangwa zvekutsvaga, kushivirira kune ngozi, kana mamiriro emari yemumwe mutengesi chaiyo uye angave asina kukodzera kune varairi vese. Basa rekare harisi kuratidza migumisiro yemangwana. Kuisa mari kunosanganisira njodzi dzinosanganisira kurasikirwa kwatinoitwa mukuru.