Nei Nyika Dzichikwereta Mari Yadzo KuDhora
Dhora rinodonha ndeye apo nyika inoramba iine mari yemari yayo pakatarisa kushandiswa kwemari kuDhora reAmerica . Bhenji yepakati penyika iyo inotarisira kukosha kwemafaranga ayo kuitira kuti ibude uye inowira pamwe nedhora. Iko mari yebhadhari inofananidzwa nokuti iri pakudengenzana kwenyika .
Kune nyika dzinenge makumi matanhatu nematanhatu dzinogona kukonzera mari yavo kudhora kana kushandisa dhora seyo pachavo mutemo wepamutemo.
Dhora iri rakakurumbira zvikuru nokuti ndiyo nyika inochengeterwa mari . Vatungamiri venyika vakazvipa icho chiitiko pa1944 Bretton Woods Agreement .
Uyu anomhanya ndiye euro . Nyika makumi maviri nemishanu inokanda mari yavo kune iyo. Vaya 17 vemu eurozone vanoshandisa iyo semari yavo.
Iyo Inoshanda Sei
Dhora rinodhonza rinoshandisa shanduko yakashandurwa . Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti bhenji guru renyika rinovimbisa kuti richakupa mukana wakatarwa wemari yako mukudzoka kweDhora reAmerica. Kuti uchengetedze chikwata ichi, nyika inofanira kuva neakawanda yemadhora. Ndokusaka vazhinji venyika iyo inokonzera mari yavo kudhora rine zvakawanda zvekutengesera kuUnited States. Makambani avo anowana mari yakawanda yebhadharo. Vanoshandura madhora nemari yemunharaunda kuti vabhadhara vashandi vavo uye vatengesi vemisha.
Central mabhangi kazhinji anoshandisa madhora kuti atenge US Treasurys . Vanoita izvi kuti vagamuchire kufarira pamadhora avo. Kana vachida kusimudza mari yekubhadhara makambani avo, zviri nyore kutengesa Treasurys pamusika wechipiri.
Bhenji yepamusoro yenyika ichacherechedza mari yayo yokushandura kwemaanera maererano nehuwandu hwemadhora. Kana iyo mari inowira pasi peganda, inoda kusimudzira kukosha kwayo uye kuderedza kukosha kwechiroro. Inoita izvi nokutengesa Pfuma pamusika wechipiri. Izvozvo zvinopa bhangi mari kutenga mari yemunharaunda.
Nokuwedzera kugoverwa kweHaidurys, kukosha kwemahosi avo, pamwe nehuwandu hwemadhora. Kuderedza kugoverwa kwemari yemunharaunda kuwedzera kukosha kwayo. Iyo mbambo inodzorerwa.
Kuchengetedza mari yakaenzana kwakaoma, sezvo kukosha kwedhora kunoshandura nguva dzose. Ndicho chikonzero dzimwe nyika dzichikwereta mari yekuti mari yavo iwedzere kudhora ramadhora panzvimbo yenhamba chaiyo.
Muenzaniso
China inoshandisa shanduko yakashandurwa. Ndizvo zvazvinoda kuchengetedza mari yayo pasi kuitira kuti mabhizimisi ayo awedzere kukunda. Ichokwadi, nyika dzose dzinoedza kuita izvi, asi vashomanana vane kukwanisa kweChina kuchengetedza iyo. Nokuda kwezvimwe, ona Currency Wars .
China yekushandiswa kwemari inobva kuChina ichienda kuAmerica. Izvo zvinotengeswa zvinowanzoshandisa magetsi emagetsi, zvipfeko nemichina. Mukuwedzera, makambani mazhinji eUnited States-based anotumira zvinhu zvitsva kumichina yeChinese pamusangano unodhura. Zvinhu zvakapedzisira zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika apo dzinotumirwa kudzokera kuUnited States. Nokuwedzera , ona US Trade Deficit neChina.
Makambani echiChinese anogamuchira madhora eAmerica semari yekubhadhara kunze kwezvinhu. Vanoisa madhora mumabhanga avo vachitengesa yuan kubhadhara vashandi vavo. Mabhangi anotumira madhora kuBanki yepakati peChina, iyo inovaisa mumari yavo yekunze kwemari .
Izvi zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwemadhora aripo kune zvekutengeserana. Iko kunowedzera kukwidza kwedhora. Nokuda kwezvimwe, ona China Inobatsira sei US Dollar?
Bhandi guru reChina rinoshandisa madhora kuti atenge US Treasurys . Inofanirwa kuisa dhora rayo rakaisa mune chimwe chinhu chakachengeteka icho chinopawo kudzoka, uye hapana chakachengetedza kupfuura Treasurys. China inoziva izvi zvichawedzera kusimbisa dhora uye kuderedza kukosha kweiyo. Nokuda kwezvimwe, ona US Debt kuChina .
Nei Nyika Dzichikwereta Mari Yadzo KuDhora
Nzvimbo yemadhora eUnited States sokuchengetedzwa kwemari yenyika inoita nyika dzakawanda dzichida kuzvikomberedza. Chimwe chikonzero ndechokuti zvizhinji zvekutengeserana kwemari uye kutengeserana kwenyika yose kunoitwa muUS $. Nyika dziri kunyanya kuvimba nemari yavo yezvemari dzinokonzera mari yavo kudhora.
Mienzaniso yezvinhu izvi zvinoshandiswa mune zvebhizimisi ndeHong Kong, Malaysia neSingapore.
Dzimwe nyika dzinotengesa zvakawanda kuUnited States dzinovhara mari dzavo kudhora kuti dzirambe dzichikwikwidza mari. Vanoedza kuchengeta kukosha kwemari yavo pasi kudarika dollar. Izvi zvinovapa mukana wokuenzanisa nokuita kuti kutengeserana kwavo kuAmerica kuderedze.
Japan haina kunyatsotsvaira yen yenyika. Nzira yacho inofanana neChina. Inoedza kuchengetedza yen yen kuenzaniswa nedhora nokuti inotumira zvakawanda kuUnited States. Kufanana neChina, inogamuchira mari yakawanda mukudzoka. Somugumisiro, Bhizinesi reJapan ndiyo mutengo mukuru weAmerica Treasurys. China neJapan ndidzo dzimba dzekune dzimwe nyika dzekuAmerica .
Mamwe nyika, kufanana nemafuta-anotumira kune dzimwe nyika muGulf Cooperation Council , anofanirwa kuvhara mari yavo kudhora nokuti mafuta anotengeswa mumadhora. Somugumisiro, vane mari yakawanda yemadhora mumari yavo yehupfumi . Iwa petrodollars inowanzotengeswa mumabhizimisi eUnited States kuti awane kudzoka kukuru. Somuenzaniso, Abu Dhabi yakaisa petrodollars kuCitigroup kudzivirira kubhadhara kwayo muna 2008.
Nyika dzinotengeserana neChina dzichanyorawo mari yavo kudhora. Ndizvo zvavanoda kuti vatengesi vavo vatange kukwikwidzana nemakethe eChina. Vanoda kuti mutengo wavo wokutengeserana ugare uchienderana neChinese yeChina. Kuvhara mari yavo kudhora kunoita izvo.