Mupi Mukuru Kupfuura Uri Iwe!
Chikwereti Chiri Muzvikamu zviviri
Mari yeUnited States inotarisira chikwereti cheUnited States kuburikidza neBhodhi yeDhutheni yaVanhu.
Chikwereti chinowira mune zvikamu zviviri zvakakosha: Intragovernmental Holdings uye Chikwereti Chinosungirirwa neHurumende .
Intragovernmental Holdings. Iyi ndiyo chikamu chekodzero yemadhora kune mamwe 230 masangano ehurumende. Iyo inokwana $ 5.6 triliyoni, inenge 30 muzana yekwereti. Sei hurumende ikwereta mari pachayo? Mamwe masangano, kufanana neSocial Security Trust Fund, anotora mari yakawanda kubva pamitero kupfuura zvavanoda. Panzvimbo pokuisa mari iyi pasi pemuiti mukuru, masangano aya anotenga US Treasurys nayo.
Nokuva neHaidurys, vanoendesa mari yavo yakawandisa kuhomwe huru, iyo inoshandiswa. Zvechokwadi, rimwe zuva ivo vachadzikinura mari yavo yePasimari nokuda kwemari. Hurumende yehurumende ichada kuwedzera mitero kana kutopa chikwereti chakawanda kuti ipe mapurisa mari yavanoda.
Ndeapi masangano ane pfuma yakawanda? Social Security, nehurefu refu. Heino kuputsika kwakadzama kunoitwa naDecember 31, 2016.
- Social Security (Social Security Trust Fund uye Federal Disability Insurance Trust) - $ 2.801 trillion
- Hofisi yeVashandi Kutarisa Kubhadhara - $ 888 bhiriyoni
- Military Retirement Fund - $ 670 mabhiriyoni
- Medicare (Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund, Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Fund) - $ 294 mabhiriyoni
- Mamwe ose ekubhadhara mari - $ 304 mabhiriyoni
- Mari inobhadhara mari yehurumende yehurumende-$ 580 mabhiriyoni.
Chikwereti Chinotungamirirwa neVanhu. Vanhu vose vanotora chikwereti chose chemari yechizvarwa ($ 14.7 trillion). Hurumende dzezvekune imwe nyika nevarimi vemari vanobata chikamu chayo. Chimwe chechina chinobatwa nedzimwe hurumende. Izvi zvinosanganisira Federal Reserve , pamwe nehurumende nehurumende. Zvikamu gumi nemashanu kubva muzana zvinosungirirwa nemari pamwe chete, mari yepenjeni mari uye vanochengeta zvikwereti zvekuchengetedza uye Treasury manotsi. Zvasara 10 kubva muzana ndezvomumabhizimisi, semabhanki nemakambani einishuwarenzi. Inobatanidzwawo nekugadzirisa kwetariro, makambani, uye vatengesi.
Heino kuparara kwevadzidzisi vemutero wevanhu kubva muna December 2016:
- Kune dzimwe nyika - $ 6.004 trillion
- Federal Reserve - $ 2.465 trillion
- Mutengo wemari - $ 1.671 trillion
- Hurumende uye hurumende yemunharaunda, kusanganisira mari yavo yepensheni - $ 905 mabhiriyoni
- Pamwe pesaimari mari - $ 553 mabhiriyoni
- Mabhangi - $ 663 bhiriyoni
- Makambani emishuwarenzi - $ 347 mabhiriyoni
- Sungano dzekuchengetedza US - $ 166 mabhiriyoni
- Zvimwe (vanhu, mabhizimisi-anobhadharwa mabhizimusi, vatengesi nevatengesi, mabhizimusi emabhangi uye zvivako, mabhizimisi ehurumende uye asiri ehurumende, uye vamwe vashandi) - $ 1.662 trillion.
Iyi chikwereti haisi mubhadharo yemari yeHaimari, mapepa uye zvisungo asiwo mari yeHurumende yeZvivimbiso zvakachengetedzwa Zvakachengetedzwa uye hupfumi hwehupfumi hwehurumende uye hwemunharaunda.
Sezvaunogona kuona, kana iwe uchiwedzera chikwereti chakaitwa neSocial Security uye yese yekurega basa uye mari yepensheni, inenge hafu yemari yeUnited States yeHurumende inobatwa mukutenda kwekubvisa kwako. Kana United States ikashandura pane chikwereti chayo , vatengesi vepasi vedzimwe nyika vaizoshatirwa, asi iye zvino uye vagari vomufambiro vekupedzisira vaizokuvadza zvakanyanya.
Chikonzero nei Federal Reserve ine Treasurys
Sezvo bhenji guru renyika , Federal Reserve inotarisira chikwereti chenyika. Haina chikonzero chezvemari chekuti uwane podhaini manotsi. Saka nei yakave yakawedzera kubata kwayo pakati pe2007 na2014?
Ndiyo apo yakasimudza matanho ayo akatengesa nekutenga $ 2 trillion mu Treasurys. Izvi zvishoma nezvishoma zvinoita kuti hupfumi huchengetedze nekuchengetedza chikwereti chezvibereko zvishoma. Yakabatsira United States kuti irege kupedzisira yava kugona .
Ko Fed yakagadzirisa chikwereti here?
Hungu, iyo ndiyo imwe yemigumisiro. IFed yakatengwa Treasurys kubva kumabhanki ayo, ichishandisa chikwereti icho chakasikwa kunze kwemweya wakaonda. Yaiva nemigumisiro yakafanana nekudhinda mari . Nokuchengeta kuchengetwa kwezvikwereti zvishoma, Fed yakabatsira hurumende kudzivisa huwandu hwechikwereti chechikwata chaiwanzoita kuti uwane chikwereti chakawandisa.
Nhepfenyuro yakaguma kupedzisira kuripo munaOctober 2014. Somugumisiro, chiyero chekuda kwechirongwa pamakore gumi-chegumi cheMari yeHurumende yakasimuka kubva pamakore mazana maviri ekupedzisira e1442 muzana munaJune 2012 kusvika kumapfumbamwe 2,17 kubva pakupera kwa2014.
Musi weNeptember 29, 2017, Federal Open Market Committee yakati Fed yaizotanga kuderedza hupfumi hwayo muna October. Tarisira kwenguva yakareba chido chekuda kuwedzera semugumisiro. Nokuwedzera , ona FOMC Meeting Statement Summary .
Kutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika kweDhina reMarikiti
Muna December 2017, China yakanga ine $ 1.2 triliyoni yemari chikwereti cheUnited States . Ndiyo mutoro mukuru kune imwe nyika kunze kweStory Treasury securities. Chipiri chechipiri chikuru chiJapan chiri $ 1.1 trillion. Zvose Japan neChina vanoda kuchengetedza kukosha kwedhora rakakwirira kudarika kukosha kwemari yavo. Izvo zvinobatsira kuchengetedza zvekutengeserana zvinotengwa kuUnited States, iyo inobatsira mararamiro avo kukura. Ndicho chikonzero, pasinei nekutyisidzirwa kweChina kwenguva dzose kutengesa kubata kwayo, nyika mbiri idzi dzinofara kuva vekuAmerica makuru kune mamwe mabhengi. China yakatsiva United Kingdom sechipiri chikuru kune dzimwe nyika kune imwe nyika kunze kwegore raMay 31, 2007. Ndiyo apo yakawedzera kubata kwayo kusvika ku $ 699 mabhiriyoni, ichikwira $ 640 mabhiriyoni eUnited Kingdom.
Ireland yechitatu, inobhadhara $ 326 mabhiriyoni. ICayman Islands yechina, pa $ 270 mabhiriyoni. The Bureau of International Settlements inofunga kuti iri mberi kwehupfumi hwehupfumi uye mari yehuta iyo vadzidzisi havadi kuzarura nzvimbo dzavo. Saka ndiyo Luxembourg ($ 218 mabhiriyoni) uye Belgium ($ 119 billion).
Mushure mokunge Cayman Islands, avo vanotevera vakakura zvikuru vaBrazil, UK, Switzerland, Hong Kong , Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, uye India . Mumwe nomumwe anobata pakati pe $ 14 4 uye $ 257 mabhiriyoni.
Dhiyabhorosi inobva mumitambo yakasiyana-siyana inosunungurwa panguva dzakasiyana. Nokudaro, nhamba dziri munyaya ino dzingasawedzera kune chikwereti che US chikwata chemadhora makumi maviri nemaviri.