Nhasi makoperative emagetsi emaruwa America anoshanda nenzira yakafanana. Ivo vanobhadhara mutero-kusunungura mabhizinesi asina purogiramu akagadzirirwa uye ane vashandi vanobatsirwa nemishando inopiwa.
Zvakatora nguva uye rubatsiro rukuru kubva kune hurumende yehurumende yemuenzaniso wekubambisana kuti ichinjaniswe kuitira kuti vagari vekuAmerica vemukumavirira vagone kuva nemagetsi mumisha yavo nemabhizimisi.
Nhoroondo yeMasvingo Ekumagetsi
Munguva yekutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, magetsi aiwanika mumaguta makuru uye pamwe chete nemigwagwa huru yekufambisa. Vanhu veAmerica vanogara mumapurazi anoshandiswa mwenje yekerosheni nemakenduru ekuvhenekera, uye mapfu-moto anopisa kubika uye kupisa dzimba dzavo.
Muna 1933, mutemo weTennessee Valley Authority wakaisa danho remagetsi emaruwa America. Mutemo weTVA wakapa magetsi ekutumira magetsi kuti avakwe mumaruwa. Panguva iyoyo, imwe chete mumisha gumi yekumaruwa yaiva nemagetsi. Makore maviri gare gare muna 1935, Mutungamiri Franklin D. Roosevelt akabudisa mutungamiri wekutonga kuumba Rural Electrification Administration (REA) uye akabvumira kugadziriswa kwemakambani emagetsi ekumaruwa.
Gore rakatevera, sangano rakabhadhara mari yezvikwereti zvekuvaka masimba emagetsi emaguta munzvimbo dzisingawaniki pasi rose. Makambani emakambani emagetsi matsva akakwereta mari yakawanda. Pasina makore gumi mushure mekupera kweHondo Yenyika II, anenge 90 muzana yemapurazi eUnited States aiva nemagetsi. Iye zvino, zvinenge zvose zvinodaro.
IRA, yakasikwa sehurumende yakasununguka yehurumende, ikava chikamu cheDhipatimendi reMari yeUnited States uye yakashandura zita rayo kuRural Utilities Service. Basa iri richiri kupa zvikwereti kumakambani emagetsi. I National Rural Utilities Cooperative Finance Corporation uye CoBank ACB inopawo zvikwereti kumakambani.
Kusiyana pakati peMakoperative uye Electric Utilities
Kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana pakati pemakambani emagetsi uye zvigadzirwa zvemabhizimisi.
- Makoperative ane nhengo-vadzidzisi, kwete vashandi chete. Nhengo dzebambirano ndeyevatengi vayo.
- Makoperative anotevera nzira yekutonga, kwete hurumende hurumende. Nhengo imwe neimwe inogona kuvhota uye ine kodzero yekubatanidzwa mukugadzirisa kwematongerwo enyika. Vanosarudzawo nhengo dzebhodhi renzvimbo. Nevashandi vekutengeserana, vagovana vemabhizimisi chete ndivo vanotaura chero mukutarisira kambani. Vose nhengo dzemakambani anokwanisa kutora chikamu pakuumba mitemo nekuita bhizinesi.
- Makoperative anotarisa kushanda, kwete mari. Koperative yemagetsi inounza magetsi kumaruwa nekuti makambani emagetsi asingawani purogiramu anoramba kushanda munzvimbo iyo vatengi vanogona kunge vari makiromita akasiyana. Mumaguta nemataundi maimba nemabhizimisi ari pedyo pamwe chete, makambani emagetsi anoita mari yakawanda pamakiromita emakiromita. Kunyange zvibvumirano hazvikanganisi kukosha kwekuita mari inobatsira, inotarisa kune vatengi nokuti masangano aripo kuti apiwe basa.
- Nhengo dzinotora mari. Vatengesi mumakambani ekutengeserana vanoisa mari yavo kushanda uye vanotarisira kukura kwekambani kubereka kudzoka. Apo mapurogiramu anoita chikwata - mari inopfuura kudhura kwekupa rubatsiro - yakachengetwa sezvikwereti zvikuru. Iyo inoshandiswa kuvaka nekuchengetedza zvivako zvekushandira pamwe uye zvivako uye kupa kune zvimwe zvido zvebasa. Nhengo imwe neimwe inopiwa chikwereti chemari inokwidziridzwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemagetsi iyo nhengo inoshandisa. Izvo zvinoshandiswa zvinonzi "patronage." Kana ichinzi yakakodzera nebhodhi, chikamu chemari yakakosha ingabhadharwa kune nhengo maererano nemitemo yebambani. Vashandi vanotenga zvikamu mumakambani zvichienderana nekugona kwavo mune zvemari uye kungwara kwavo. Asi nhengo dzebambirano dzinowanzotarisirwa "kuisa mari" pakutanga nekubhadhara mari yekubhadhara, uye kupa mutero unoramba uripo nekudya uye kubhadhara magetsi.
- Makoperative anokwanisa kusunungurwa kubva kune federal tax. Kuchengetedza mutero-kusunungurwa, makoperative emagetsi anofanira kuunganidza 85 kubva muzana yemari yavo kubva kune vashandi vedzimba yekupa basa.