Fed Fund uye Mafisiro Edzikwereti

Chakavanzika Chekuti Mashandiro Emari Anofarira Mitengo

Mari yeHurumende yeHurumende inobhadhara mabhizimusi masikati kubhadhara zvinotarisirwa pamagumo ezuva rimwe nerimwe. Sangano reState Reserve rinoshandisa mari yakafambiswa kuti ichengetedze mutengo wenyika yacho. Izvozvo ndezvekuti mabhanga akwereta anodyesa mari kubva kune mumwe nemumwe. Vanobhadhara chikwereti chavanofarira icho vanodanidza mari yakadyiwa mari . Mari yakabhadhara haifaniri kupa mari yekukwereta. Iyo inodyidzwa mari yemari mutengo ndiyo mari inokweretwa nemabhanga ose.

Sangano reStart Reserve Open Market Committee rinotarisa chinangwa chezvikwata pamisangano yayo yenguva dzose. Mari yakanyanya kudyidzana mari inoreva mabhengi achakwereta zvishoma. Izvozvo ndezvokuti zvinodhura zvimwe kukwereta zvakakwana kudyidzana mari kuti uwane zvinotarisirwa. Nhamba dzechido ichave yakakwirira semugumisiro. Mari yakaderedzwa mari yakaderera inoreva mabhenji achakweretesa zvakare. Izvo zvinovabvumira kuti vabhadhara chikamu chechibereko chepasi.

Mabhandi anogona kukwereta kubva kuWatch Reserve's discount window . Nhamba iyo inofarira, iyo inozivikanwa seSwedding discount rate , inowanzova 0.5% yakakwirira. Iko kunokurudzira mabhengi kubhadhara mari yakawanda kubva kune mumwe nemumwe.

Nzira iyo Fed Fed Mariki Iko Kushanda

Pakupera kwezuva rimwe nerimwe, mabhangi ane zvinyorwa zvinopfuura zvinotarisirwa, ozvikweretesa kubhengi izvo zviduku. Anokwereta anogona kuchengetedza mari yacho muzvivako zvayo kana paState Reserve Bank. Chero nzira, inofanirwa kusangana nebhangi rekuchengetedzwa kwekudiwa.

Kunyange zvazvo iri chikwereti, chikwereti chinokweretesa chakabatanidzwa mune zvokudya zvakadyiwa zvekutengesa.

Saizvozvowo, kubhengi kubhadhara kuri kuita mari inotengeswa mari.

Izvo zvinotarisirwa zvinotarisirwa hazvirevi kune mabhangi maduku, avo vane mitsara yekutengeswa kwe $ 14,5 mamiriyoni kana pasi. Vanowanzova neukama nebhandi rakakura kuti vakweretese mari yavanoda. Izvozvo zvinopa bhangi duku zvishoma zvekukwikwidzana nokuti rinogona kuwana mari yakawanda pane mari yayo.

Trends

Iko inotengeswa mari yemari inenge ichiderera kubvira kubvira muna 2008 matambudziko emari . Muna 2007 mabanki akwereta $ 200 mabhiriyoni. Muna 2012, yaingova $ 60 bhiriyoni chete. Chii chakaitika?

Chokutanga, Federal Reserve yakawedzera bhadharo yayo kusvika ku $ 4 trillion kuburikidza nehuwandu hwekutengesa . IFed yakatenga US Treasurys uye zvikwereti zvinotsigirwa kubva kumabhangi. Izvo zvakasiyira ivo nezvizhinji zvekuchengetedza pamashizha avo ekuenzanisa.

Chechipiri, Fed ikozvino inokwereta mabhizinesi muzvikwereti zvakanyanya. Mabhangi ane zvishomanana kukurudzira kukweretesa mari yakawandisa yemari.

Maonero Ekuti Mari Inotengeswa Inosangana Nehupfumi Newe

IFederal Reserve inotarisa nzvimbo inotarisirwa kuitira kuchengetedza mari yakawanikwa yekukweretesa. Izvozvo zvinozivikanwa sehupfumi. Izvo zvinoda kuchengetedza mabhengi ekukweretesa mari yavo yose. Kudyidzana kunoda kuti imwe chikamu chemabhangi emabhangi anofanira kuchengetwa usiku humwe.

Izvo zvinodyidzwa mari inotarisirwa ndezvayo kufarira kunotengeswa mari yekubhadhara mari. Vose avo vanodyidzana mari uye mari inotarisirwa ndiyo nzira yekushandisa mitemo yemari. Iyo ndiyo mabhizimusi makuru , kufanana neFed, kutarisira mari yekuwana hupenyu huri nani hwehupfumi . Chinangwa chavo ndechekudzivirira kukwira kwepamusoro kwezvinhu zvose. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti kuwedzera kwezvinhu kunobata hupfumi , zvisina kunaka.

Kana kuwedzera kwekutengesera kuri pasi pekutonga, saka Fed ine chinangwa chechipiri. Icho chinofanira kuderedza kusarirwa kwebasa kune zvakasikwa. Kana kushaikwa kwepamusoro kwakanyanya, ipapo nyika inogona kunge iri mumatambudziko.

Fed inoita sei izvi? Kuti kuderedze kutengesa, Fed inosimudza mari yakasimwa mari. Izvozvo zvinoderedza mari yakawanda iyo mabhanki anokweretesa. Icho chinotadzisa mutengi achikwereta uye achida. Iyo inoderedzawo kuwedzera kwebhizimisi, kubhadhara nekubhadhara. Izvozvo zvinonzi kupesana kwemari yemitemo . Zvinobatsira kuziva apo Fed ichasimudza mitero.

Inyanzvi yemari yemari yekuwedzera inokurudzira kukura kwehupfumi nekuita kuti irege kubhadhara kukwereta. Vatengi vanogona kukwereta zvakawanda, saka vanozotenga zvinhu zvinoda zvikwereti, seimba, motokari, uye kunyange midziyo. Mabhizimisi anopindura kune zvinodiwa kuburikidza nokutora zvikwereti zvavo, kuwedzera makambani, kutenga midziyo nekubhadhara vanhu vakawanda.

Kunyatsoziva kuti Fed inomutsa sei kana kuderedza chibereko chekuda iwe kuchakupa kunzwisisa zviri nani mari yemitemo.

Kuwedzera kwezvehupfumi uye kupesana ndeimwe chikamu chebhizimisi . IFed inoshandisa mitemo yemari yemari yekuchengetedza hupfumi mune chikamu chekuwedzera.