Kudyara Kuchaenderera Kuwedzera Mitengo Kupfuura 2018
Iko kuve kwave kuri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kubva munaDisemba 2015. Icho chaiva chekutanga kuwedzera kubva munaJune 29, 2006.
Mutengo wacho wakanga uri pazero (pakati pe 0 kusvika ku255 muzana) kubva musi waDecember 16, 2008. Fed yakaderedza iyo kurwisa Great Recession .
Iko inodyidzwa mari inowanikwa zvakananga inokanganisa zvido zvenguva pfupi purofiti . Izvi zvinosanganisira purogiramu yokutanga , kadhi rechikwereti chido chekuda, uye mari yekodha yemari. Ndicho chikonzero nei kudyidzana mari yakawanda ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukanganisa maonero ehupfumi hweUnited States .
Izvo zvakabatanidzwa zvinokanganisa marefu emitengo yakareba, yakadai semitengo yekunamatira , kusungirwa kwekambani, uye 10-year Treasury manotsi . Nhepfenyuro ichasimudza iyo mitero iyo inotengesa zvigaro zvePasitori zvinyorwa uye zvisungo . IFed yakawana $ 4 trillion yeavo kuburikidza nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekunyorera purogiramu.
Chikonzero Nei Fedha Ichisimudza Mitengo Iye zvino
Kudyidzwa kunoshushikana kudzoka mazinga kune utano hwe2% hwehutano. Rinoda kuwana hupfumi kunze kwekukwanisa kusungirirwa musungo . Ndiyo apo mhuri nemabhizimusi vanochengetedza mari panzvimbo pokuripedza. Kuderera kwechibereko zvishoma hazviiti kuti vawedzere kukurudzira kuisa mari.
Nzira chete yekubuda mumusungo wechipfuva ndeyekurera mhindu yemari.
IFed inodawo kusimudza mitero nokuti yakanga ichitaura nezvazvo kweinopfuura gore. Mukupindura, vatengesi vekare vaitarisira kukosha kwechiroro kukwira. Kuti vashandise zvakadaro, vakaderera euro . Izvozvo zvakasimbisa dhora 25 muzana muna 2014 uye 2015.
Iyo yakasimba dhora inokuvadza kutengesa kwenyika uye yakaderedza hupfumi hwehupfumi. Yakagadzirawo mitengo shoma inotengeswa. Izvozvo zvakaderedza mukana wekupera. Kana vanhu vachitarisira kuti mitengo igare yakafanana kana yeka, vane zvishoma zvingaita kuti vashandise zvino. Vanoziva kuti kutenga kwavo kunodhura zvishoma munguva yemberi.
Animbova Fed Chairman Janet Yellen akatsanangura musi weNovember 17, 2016, musangano weC Congressional kuti Fed haina kukanganiswa nemusarudzo. Fed Bodiro Dunhu rinotarisa dhepfumi rezvemari Asi Donald Trump akavimbisa mapato ekuwedzera emari . Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti Fed inogona kutevera zvinopesana nemitemo yemari yekudzivirira kutengesa . Izvi ndezvekuti hupfumi huri kukura nehutano hwakanaka . Kutora mutero uye kuwedzerwa kwemari muna 2017 kuchapedza hupfumi, zvichikonzera kutengesa.
Nzira Iyo Fed inowedzera Nhamba Dzavanako
Iko kuwedzera kunowedzera zvikwereti kuburikidza nekusimudzira chinangwa chekudyidzana kwemari pamutambo wayo weFOMC wenguva dzose. Iyi Federal Federal interest rate inoshandiswa kudyidzwa mari . Izvi zvikwereti zvinogadzirwa nemabhangi kune mumwe nemumwe kusangana neFed's reserve requirement . Mabhangi anotara aya mahara ivo pachavo, kwete Federal Reserve.
Aya mazinga haasati anokera kubva pane zvinotarisirwa. Izvozvo ndezvokuti mabhenji anoziva kuti Fed ichashandisa zvimwe zvishandiso kuvamanikidza kuti vasangane nechinangwa chayo.
Zvishandiso izvi zvinosanganisira mawindo ekuderedza , kutengesa kwehuwandu , uye mashizha akazaruka .
Musi waSeptember 18, 2007, Fed yakatanga motokari yemwedzi gumi nematanhatu ekuderera zvakaderera, kubva pa5.25 muzana kusvika pasi pe1 peresenti. Izvo zvakanga zviri kugadzirisa kusimbisa misika yemarikiti yakaunzwa ne subprime mortgage crisis .
Kubva munaJanuary 2010, vatengesi vakatanga kutanga kushamisika "Izvo Fed ichaita sei kusimudzira chikwata chezvibereko zvakare?" Mukupindura, Fed yakazivisa hurongwa hwaro hwekubuda, iyo yakanyanya kusimbisa mari yekupa mari uchishanda zvinhu zvose ASI iyo yakadyiwa mari yakawanda. The Fed yaida kuchengeta iyo yakaderera kubva pasi sezvo inobata kushanduka-kutengesa mari . Misika yemumba yakanga isati yawanazve. Paiva nemapipi emwedzi gumi nematanhatu ekugadzirisa zvigaro zvakachengetedza dzimba dzeimba pasi.
Kuti varwe nematambudziko, hupfumi hwakachengetedza huwandu hwemari huwandu husina kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba sezvakagona.
Yakawedzera kuderedzwa kwehuwandu uye yakagadzika zvakare pane mamwe mapurogiramu. Izvo zvakachengetedza chikamu chekutanga uye chinowirirana-kutengesa mari yepamusoro, yakatsigira imusika yemba uye yakachengetedza kubhengi chikwereti chiripo.
Nzira Iyo Inofanirwa Kubhadhara Mitengo Inofamba
Kamwe Fed inomutsa huwandu hwemari yakaderedzwa, huchakwira zvakadini? Izvo Zvakatarisirwa zvinotarisirwa kuzvikwidza kusvika 2 muzana muna 2018 uye 3 muzana muna 2019. Kudyara kweFed kutengesa kuenderera mberi kunoramba kwakapoteredza 2 muzana kusvika muna 2022. Ndiyo nokuti ichaita kuti chokwadi chisingabatsiri chakanyanya kupfuura icho. Asi pane matanho mashanu ayo achakudzivirira kubva pakudyiswa kwezvikwereti .
Nhoroondo yekare, iyo yakabhadharwa mari inosara iri pakati pe2-5%. Wekumusoro-soro yakambove yaiva 20 muzana muna 1981 kurwisa stagflation uye kuwedzera kwekutengesa kwe12,9 muzana. Iyo yaiva mamiriro asina kujairika akonzerwa nemubhadharo wekutengesa mari, kumira-kuenda kwenheyo yemari, uye kutora dollar yacho kubva pasi payo yegoridhe .
Mutungamiri wekare weGreen Reserve Ben Bernanke akati basa rinokosha kupfuura rimwe reDheti ndeyekuchengetedza vatengi uye kuvimba kwekutengesa mune zvekushandisa kweFed yekudzikisa kutengesa . Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti Fed inowanzoita kuti iwedzere mitero kudarika kuchera.
Mukuderera: Nhamba Dzinotarisirwa Dzichawedzerwa Rini? | Libor | Historical LIBOR Rate | Nzira Inoshandiswa Nhepfumi Inobatsira Sei Kutenga Mari? | Pfuma Inobatsira | Fed Funds Futures seShoko Rokutanga | US Inflation Rate | Maitiro Ekutonga Kwemadhora Nhamba Dhidha | | Ikozvino Bhizinesi Rwendo Rwokutanga