Federal Reserve Discount Rate

Migumisiro uye Iyo Inoshanda Sei

Sangano reHeral Reserve rekutsvaga huwandu ndehuwandu hwebhanhire rekuAmerica rinokwereta mabhidhi ayo evanhu kubhadhara kubva pahwindo rekudzikinura kuti varambe vachichengetedza zvarinoda. I Federal Reserve Board yeVakuru vehurumende yakasimudza chiyero kusvika ku225 kubva muzana, yakabatanidzwa musi waMarch 21, 2018.

Kune zvikamu zvitatu zvakaderedzwa:

1. Chekutanga chikwereti chikwereti ndicho chido chekuda chibharo chakakonzerwa kumabhanki mazhinji. Iyo yakakwirira kudarika iyo yakadyidzana mari yakawanda . Ikozvino iri kutengesa chiyero ndeye 2.25 muzana.

1. Chechi chikwereti chechikwereti chiyero chepamusoro chakakonzerwa kumabhangi asingakwanisi kuita zvinodiwa kuti zvibudirire purogiramu yekutanga. Ndima 2.75 muzana. Inowanzoita hafu yepamusoro yakakwirira kudarika yekutanga mari yechikwereti. Heino zvakawanda pane zvidzidzo zvekutanga uye zvechipiri.
2. Nhamba yemwaka ndeyemabhanki maduku emunharaunda anoda kuwedzera kwenguva pfupi mune mari kuti awane zvinodiwa zvekukwereta munzvimbo. Izvo zvinogona kusanganisira zvikwereti kune varimi, vadzidzi, nzvimbo dzekugara uye mamwe mabasa emwaka. Pano pane zvakawanda pamusoro penguva yekudhura purogiramu.

Nei mabanki aifanira kukwereta paDheji rekutsvaga hwindo? IWatch Reserve inoda kuti vave nehumwe huwandu hwenhesi muruoko rweusiku humwe, hunozivikanwa semugove wekudiwa . Mabhengi akabhadhara zvikuru zuva iroro anoda kukwereta mari usiku hwose kuti asangane nechisarudzo chinodiwa. Kazhinji, vanokweretana kubva kune mumwe. IFed inopa firiji inononoka sechitsvaga kana vasingakwanisi kuwana mari kune imwe nzvimbo.

Sei Fed inoda kuburitswa? Chikamu chekuchengetedza solvency, asi kunyanya kudzora mari yakawanda, chikwereti uye mamwe maitiro emari iyo mabhanki anotengesa kunze. Nzvimbo yakakwirira inodikanwa inoreva kuti bhangi ine mari shoma yekukweretesa. Sezvo zvakanyanya kuoma pamabhanki maduku (pasi pemadhora anodarika $ 12,4 mamiriyoni), ivo vanobviswa pane zvinodiwa.

Havafaniri kunetseka pamusoro pekushandisa firiji iri kutora zvachose.

Iyo Inoshanda Sei

Sangano reWorld Open Market Committee ndiro maneja weFed's operations. Dare iri rinosangana kanomwe pagore. Nhengo dzinovhota kuti dzichinje huwandu hwemari inotengeswa apo bhandi guru rinoda mabanho kukweretesa zvimwe kana zvishoma. Dare reDare reVakuru vehurumende rinowanzochinja purogiramu yekuderedza kuti igare yakabatana nemafuta anodyidzana.

Semuenzaniso, imwe yakaderera kuwanzana inoreva kuti inodhura kune iyo kukwereta mari, uye saka vane mari shoma yekukweretesa. Kunyange kana vasina kukwereta paFed discount window, vanoona kuti mamwe mabhengi ose akwezva mahokero avo zvakare. Dhaka inomutsa dhidharo yepamusoro apo inoda kuti zvikwereti zvose zvinokwira. Izvozvo zvinonzi kushandiswa kwemitemo yemari , uye mabhandi ekumusoro anoshandisa iyo kurwisa kuwedzera kwezvinhu. Izvi zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwemari , kunonoka kubhadhara, uye nokudaro kunononoka kuwedzera kwehupfumi.

Kusiyana kunonzi inopararira yemari yemitemo , uye mabhandi makuru anoshandisa iyo kukurudzira kukura. Iyo inoderedza kushandiswa kwemari, iyo inoreva kuti mabhizimisi anofanira kuderedza chido chavo chekuda kukwikwidza. Izvi zvinowedzera mari inopa mari, inotsvaga kukweretesa, uye inoita kuti hupfumi huwedzere.

IFid ine hupfumi hweimwe shandisi yekuwedzera kana kuomesa mabhengi ekukweretesa.

Zvechokwadi, mashizha ayo akazaruka isimba rinoshanda zvikuru risingazivikanwi sekuderedzwa kwemari kana kudyidzana nemari. Iyi ndiyo iyo Fed inotenga zvikwereti kubva kumabhangi apo inoda kuti chiyero chiwe uye chivatengese kana ichida kuti mitengo iwedzere. Kutenga zvigumisiro, somuenzaniso, zvinongodzibvisa kubva kumabhangi 'mabheji emashandisi uye anozvitsiva nechikwereti kuti chakangosikwa kunze kwemweya wakaonda. Sezvo ichipa bhangi mari yakawanda yekukweretesa, inoda kubvisa mari yekutora kuti uise mari yacho kuti ishande.

Discount Rate vs Federal Funds Rate

Izvo zvishoma zvishoma inowanzoita chikamu chepamusoro pamusoro pekudyidzana kwemari, nokuti Fed inoda mabhangi kubhadhara kune mumwe nemumwe. Inowanzoshandurwa ne Federal Reserve Board of Governors pamwe chete neFOMC shanduko mune mari yakaderedzwa.

Musi waAugust 17, 2007, dare reFed rakaita chisarudzo chisingawanzogadzirisa kuderedza chirongwa chekuderedza pasina kuderedza mari yakaderedzwa mari. Izvo zvakaita izvi kuti zvidzorere zvakare mumisika yekutora usiku hwose. Chakanga chiri kuedza kurwisana nekushayikwa kwebhandi mabhandi aiva nemumwe. Vakanga vasingadi kupa chikwereti kune mumwe nemumwe nokuti hapana aida kubatirana nemamwe epa subprime mortgage.

Iko Mari Yakabhadhara Inosangana Nehupfumi

Izvo zvishoma zvinotapira zvinokanganisa zvose izvi zvimwe zvikwereti:

• Nhamba yekutambira mabhanji inotengeserana kwemwedzi mumwe, mwedzi mitatu, mwedzi mitanhatu nemakore maviri emari chikwereti. Izvi zvinozivikanwa seLibor , uye zvinokanganisa kadhi rechikwereti uye kugadziriswa-kutora chikwereti chemari.
• Mari iyo inotengesa mabhadharo ekubhadhara vatengi vavo vanonyanya kukoshesa, inozivikanwa seyo prime rate Izvo zvino zvinokanganisa zvimwe zvose zvinowanikwa mutengo.
• Mari yekuchengetedza uye mari yemusika chido chezvibereko.
• Fixed rate mortgages uye zvikwereti zvinongoratidzirwa zvakananga nehuwandu hwekutengesa. Iyo inowanzobatwa nezvibereko pane kwenguva yakareba yeHarare Treasory manotsi .