Mabhenji Api Anokwereta $ 9 Kubva Mudhora Rose 10 Iwe Dhipatimendi
MuUnited States, Federal Reserve Board yeVakuru vehurumende inodzora zvakachengetedzwa zvinotarisirwa kune mabhengi evanhu. Bhengi inogona kuchengetedza kuchengetwa kunge semari mune chivigiro chayo kana sebhadhiro panzvimbo yayo ye Federal Federal bank.
Izvo zvinotarisirwa zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa kune mabhengi ezvokutengeserana , mabhengi ekuchengetedza, masangano ekuchengetedza uye zvikwereti, uye zvikwereti zvemari .
Icho chinorevawo matare eUnited States nemahofisi emabhengi ekunze, Edge Act makambani, uye zvibvumirano zvibvumirano.
Iyo Inoshanda Sei
Izvo zvinotarisirwa zvinotarisirwa ndezvimwe zvezvimwe zvese zveF Fed . Kana bhizinesi risina kukwana pamaoko kuti riwane zvarinochengeterwa, rinokwereta kune mamwe mabhangi. Inogonawo kukwereta kubva kuWatch Reserve discount discount . Mari dzebhadha dzinokweretesa kana kukweretesa kune umwe kune imwe kuzadzisa zvinotarisirwa zvinonzi federal money . Kufarira kwavanoti vanokweretesa kubhadhara mari yakadyiwa ndiyo inowanikwa mari . Zvose zvinokwidziridzwa mutengo zvinotarirwa pachiyero ichocho.
IFed inoshandisa mathizha aya kutarisa kushandiswa mune zvemari. Apo Pedzi inoderedza zvido zvekuchengetedza, iri kushandisa shanduro yemari yekuwedzera . Izvo zvinoumba mari yakawanda mubhengi. Kana Dhesi ichisimudza zvigadziro zvekuchengetedzwa, iri kuita zvinopesana nemutemo. Izvozvo zvinoderedza kusvibisa uye kunonoka kwehupfumi.
Iyo yakakwirira inotarisirwa kudai, iyo shoma inobhadhara bhangi inoita nemari yayo. Chinhu chakakosha chinonyanya kuoma pamabhanki maduku. Havana zvakawanda zvokukweretesa kunze kwekutanga. Iyo Fed yakabvisa mabhanga maduku kubva pane zvinodiwa. Bhangi shoma rimwe rine ine pasi pe $ 15.5 mamiriyoni mune mari.
Kuchinja gwaro rekuchengetedzwa kunodhura mabhanki. Inovamanikidza kuti vachinje maitiro avo. Somugumisiro, Dhip Board haigoni kuchinja sarudzo inoda. Pane kudaro, inogadzirisa huwandu hwezvinyorwa zviri pasi pekuchengetedzwa kwakasiyana kwekudiwa kwehurumende.
Reserve Requirement Ratio
Musi waJanuary 18, 2018, Fed yakavandudza nzvimbo yayo inotarisirwa tafura. Izvo zvaida kuti mabhanga ose ane mari inopfuura $ 122.3 mamiriyoni pamubhadharo achengetedze nzvimbo yekuchengetedza 10 muzana yemari. Mabhangi ane $ 16 mamiriyoni kusvika $ 122.3 mamiriyoni anofanira kuchengetedza 3 muzana yemari yose. Mabhangi ane mari ye $ 16 mamiriyoni kana kuti pasi haana mari yekuchengetedza.
Nhepfenyuro inosimudza dhigirii yemari iyo inotungamirirwa nehutano hwakasiyana kusvika gore. Iyo inopa mabhangi chikonzero chokukura. Nhepfenyuro inogona kukwidza pasi yakachengetwa sarche uye chikwereti chekuregererwa ne 80 muzana yekuwedzera kwekuisa mari mugore rapfuura (June 30 -June 30).
Dhipatimendi dzinosanganisira kuda mari, kubhadhara kushandiswa kwemari, uye NOW mabhuku. Dhipatimendi inosanganisirawo kugoverana kwemaakaunti, foni kana kubhadhara mari dzisina kubhadhara , mabvumirano emabhengi asingabvumirwi, uye zvikwereti zvakabudiswa nevanoshanda vari kukura mumazuva manomwe kana pasi.
Mabhangi anoshandisa mari yakawanda. Izvi zvinoreva kuti havaverengi mari inokonzerwa nemamwe mabhengi uye chero mari inenge ichiri nani.
Kubva musi waDecember 27, 1990, nguva isiri yemaoko inowedzera uye eurocurrency madheseti haasati yagara.
Nzvimbo iyo Gwaro Rinodiwa Rinoshushikana Nhamba Dzakanaka
Central mabhangi haagadziri mutemo nguva dzose pavanoshandura mutemo wemari . Vane zvimwe zvimwe zvishandiso zvinokanganisa zvakafanana nekushandura kuchengetedzwa kunodiwa.
Semuenzaniso, Federal Open Market Komiti inoisa chinangwa chekudyidzana mari pamitambo yayo yenguva dzose. Kana iyo yakadyidzwa mari yakawanda ichikwirira, inodhura zvakawanda kuti mabhengi akweretane kune humwe usiku humwe. Izvo zvine matambudziko akafanana nekusimudza zvigadziro zvinoda.
Mukutaura, kana Fed ichida kusunungura mutemo wemari uye kuwedzerwa kushaya mari, inoderedza huwandu hwemari inotarisirwa. Izvo zvinoita kuti chikwereti chinopa mari inodhura. Iine zvakakonzera zvakafanana nekuderedza kushandiswa kwekudiwa.
Heinoi ikozvino inodyidzwa mari inoshandiswa .
The Federal Reserve haigoni kutonga kuti mabhenji anotevera zvaanotarirwa . Pane kudaro, inoshandisa mabhenji 'mazinga kuburikidza nemabasa ayo emisika . Nhepfenyuro inotenga zvigumisiro, kazhinji inowanikwa pasi peHarare , kubva kumabanki evanhu apo inoda kuti mari yakadyidzana mari iwane. Iyo Fed inowedzera chikwereti kubhengi yebhangi mukuchinjana kwekuchengeteka. Sezvo bhanhire ichida kuisa iyo nzvimbo yakachengetwa kushanda, ichaedza kuibhadhara kune mamwe mabhangi. Mabhanki anoderedza chido chavo chekuita s.
Iko Kudenga kunotengesa zvikwereti kumabhangi apo inoda kuwedzera mari yakadyiwa mari . Mabhangi ane mari shoma shoma yekukweretesa anogona kusimudza mari yakadyiwa mari. Iko nzira yekushanda kwemakethe yakazaruka inoshanda.
Kana bhangi risingakwanisi kubhadhara kubva kune dzimwe mabhanga, rinogona kukwereta kubva kuFed pachayo. Iko kunonzi kunokwereta kubva pawindo rekubvisa. Mazhinji mabhangi anoedza kudzivisa izvi. Izvozvo ndezvekuti Fed inotora chikamu chekutsvaga icho chakakwirira kudarika chekudya mari. Inogumburawo bhangi. Dzimwe mabhengi haafaniri kubhadhara rimwe bhangi rinoda kuikweretesa. Vanofunga kuti bhagheni ine zvikwereti zvakaipa pamabhuku ayo kana imwe ngozi.
Sezvo mari yakadyiwa mari inowedzera, idzi idzi dzinoyera dzinofanirwa kuwedzera zvakare:
- Libor ndiyo inotora chikwereti mari inoshandiswa kune imwe nyika kwemwedzi mumwe chete, mwedzi mitatu, mwedzi mitanhatu uye imwe yemari chikwereti. Mabhanki anotarisa matanho avo emakadhi emarikiti uye kugadziriswa kwezinga rekutengesa ku Libor.
- Iko mubhadharo wekutanga ndiwo mabhanji ekubhadhara anotengesa avo vanonyanya kukosha. Zvimwe zvikwereti zvebhengi zvinodhura zvishoma kune vamwe vatengi.
- Nharaunda dzekufarira dzakabhadharwa pamakachengetwa ekuchengetedza uye misika yemari inowedzera inowedzerawo
- Fixed rate mortgages uye zvikwereti hazvina kukanganiswa. Vashandi vanofananidza zvikwereti izvi kune zvibereko pahuwandu hwemari yeHarare . Mari yakanyanya kudyidzana mari inogona kutengesa mari yeHarare inobereka zvishoma.
Munguva yematambudziko emari , Fed yakaderedza mari yakabhadharwa kusvika kune zero. Mabhengi akanga achiri kushaya kukwereta kubhadhara. Iyo yakawanda yakawanda yakawedzera mararamiro ayo emakona akasununguka nehuwandu hwekugadzirisa purogiramu. Izvo Zvakatora zvakabvisa zvimwe zvisingabatsiri kutora chikwereti-zvakatsigirwa kuchengetedzwa kubva kumabanki ayo.