Ziva Mari Yako Usati Waita
Asi kujekesa nyika yemari haifaniri kutora mwedzi yekudzidza, regai kutora makumi emakore emakambani akawana. Paunotora tsvina yako yokutanga pakudzidzira chiitiko chegadziriro, yeuka kuti inonyanya kushandisa midzi ndiyo yakawanda yakafanana ne "apple" (kwete yezviyo, pfungwa iwe).
Izvozvo ndezvekuti: Mari inosvika mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzevarimi. Uye muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvinomiririra kushandiswa kwekutsvaga, purogiramu yakakwana yemari, kana kazhinji.
Pano tinotarisa gumi nemaviri emhando dzemari nemari yemari iyo iwe unogona kushandisa kuzadza misika yako yekutengeserana kana kutora dive mukati kana zviwanikwa zvako uye kushivirira kwekuchengetedza kwengozi zvakakosha. Sezvo mune huwandu hwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga, kuwana mhando yakakodzera yemari inobva kune zvinangwa zvako-kana iri iyo inotora mari yekubvisa mari, uchiwana nzvimbo isina mungozi yekuchengeta mari kwekanguva kana kutsigira chikonzero chaunotarisira iwe paunoita a profit.
Imwe yemari yatinotarisa pano inomiririra mari yepasimusi, vamwe vanhu vose: Zvichida ndiyo iyo yakarembera yekare pamusoro pe "maapuro nemaarimisi" inopinda. Kana zviri izvo zvirimwa zviviri izvi zvine mari yavo yekutsinhanisa mari, iyo inyaya yemusika imwe nguva.
Mari yakaenzana
Zvakare zvinonzi semari yakasvibiswa, shoko rokuti "kuenzanisa" rinoreva maitiro emari yekuchengetwa inoitwa: mashizha uye zvisungo.
Izvo zvinowanzoreva kune inenge kunyange yehuwandu pamwe chete, sechimiro chechiyero chemari yakaenzana ndeye 60 muzana mashizha uye 40 muzana yezvisungo. Kana chikamu chechitatu chinopinda mumufananidzo, kazhinji kacho mari yekukohwa mari (ona pasi apa).
Exchange-Traded Funds
Nzvimbo dzepasi rose dzinozivikanwa nemamwe mazita avo, ETFs ndezvivimbiso zvinotarisa zvinhu, zvigadzirwa zvevanhu (zvakadai sehomwe yekwereti) kana kuti nhamba yezvikwata (zvakadai se Standard & Poor's 500).
Inoshandiswa sechinhu chekutsinhanisa uye inoenda kuburikidza nemutengo kuchinja zuva nezuva sezvo ETFs inotengwa uye inotengeswa. Kuti udzidze kuti rondedzero chii, ramba uchiverenga ...
Fixed Income Funds
Kunyanya kune avo vari pedyo kana kurega kumakore, mari iyi yakagadzirirwa kupa mutengo wekudzoka (uye naizvozvo unofanidza izvo zvinozivikanwa segore rakagadziriswa). Izvo zvikamu zvechimwe chikwereti chakasimbiswa mari, mukana wekuwedzera huwandu hwehuwandu, inosanganisira hurumende dzehurumende, kushambadzira-mabhizinesi emabhandi emakambani uye kushandiswa kwepamusoro kwehutano hwekambani.
Fund of Funds
Mari yekubhadharisa ibhasi rekutsvaga mari yezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana ndeimwe mari pachavo. Kubudirira kweizvi ndiko kuparadzaniswa kwenguva pfupi: Dhora rega rega rinopararira munzvimbo dzakawanda dzakabatanidzwa pakarepo.
Fund Manager
Mutungamiri wemari anotungamirira chirongwa chekutsvaga mari uye basa rekutengesa rehomwe pamwe chete nemitambo inokonzerwa nehasha uye inochengetedza. Ava vatungamiriri vanobhadhara chikamu chemari yakawanda yemari muhomwe. Mumwe wevakakurumbira zvikuru ainzi Peter Lynch. Mukugara kwake neFidelity Magellan Fund kubva muna 1977 kusvika muna 1990, Lynch akachengetedza chimwe chezvinhu zvakabudirira zvakabatana zvemari nguva dzose.
Hedge Fund
Hedge mari yakachengeterwa vashandi vanoziva zvakadai semasangano kana vapfumi vane ruzivo rwemadhora anodarika $ 1 mamiriyoni.
Mari inotengeswa mune imwe ruzivo chekudzivirira inofanirwa kugara imomo kwegore kana kupfuura, uye mari pachavo inowanzoshandisa nzira dzisina ngozi dzakadai sekushandisa mari yakabhadhara kuti iite mari.
Index Fund
Sezvo zita racho rinoreva, mari iyi ine zvigadzirwa zvakakosha kubva kune imwe nzvimbo, seS & P 500. Chinangwa chekanyorwa chekutsvaga ndechekutevera kufamba kwekorodho sewe-kana S & P 500 ichikwira kumusoro, chikwereti chekwereti chinofanira kukwira zvakare. Zvinyorwa zvekuti apo mushamba unoenda sei, ndicho chikonzero vatyairi vachada kutarisa kugara kwenguva yakareba zvisingaenzaniswi nenguva pfupi.
Mari Market Market
Funga nezveko mari yemusika mari sekuchengeteka, nzvimbo yenguva pfupi yekuisa mari yako. Idzi dzinodhura-pfupi, mashomanana ekudzoka kwemazana apo masangano anogara achikwereta $ 1, uye apo inowanikwa-inhara yehuwandu yezvakatipoteredza inoreva kuti pedyo nezera rinodzokera kune vashandi.
(Kunyange iyo inonzi "mutengesi" inofanira kushandiswa zvishoma, sezvo mari inobatanidza kazhinji inoshanda sechinguva chiduku chekuchengetedza mvura kunze kwebhengi rebhengi rebhangi.) Pakazosvika 2016, mari yakanyanya kubhadhara mari yekoroti inogona kukohwa zvinenge 1 muzana inofarira.
Mutual Fund
Nehwamakanda aya, iwe wakabatana ne "mutual" vatengesi pakuva nekokuunganidza kwemashamba, zvisungo, zvivako kana zvimwe zvivimbiso. Mari inowirirana inoshanda zvakanaka uye varimi vanogona kuvhara maitiro avo chero nguva. Mimwe mienzaniso yakanyorwa munyaya iyi (kusanganisira mari inokosha uye mari yakaenzana) inofungidzirwa pamwe chete mari.
Nhepfenyuro A Mari
Chikamu chimwe chevashandi vezvemabhizimisi. Nhepfenyuro A inoreva rutsoka rwekutanga rwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga kambani itsva inogamuchira. Iyi ndiyo nzira inowanzogadzirwa nepamusoro-soro yekutanga kupisa simba ravo, uye inowanzobudirira nerwendo rwechipiri rinonzi-iwe wakafungidzira-Gwaro reB.
Specialty Funds
Izvo zvikwereti izvi zvinoshandiswa zvishoma nezvishoma zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nevamwe vatengi kana zvinetso. Izvi zvinogona kuva mari yevanhu vanoziva, somuenzaniso, kana imwe yakatsaurirwa kune chimwe chikonzero chakadai semvura yakachena yekunwa. Vanowanzodzivisa dzimwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana, kubva pakuchengetwa kwewaini kusvika kumhizha yepfuti.
Target-Date Funds
Iyi mari inosungirirwa kune "ramangwana zuva" remunguva yemberi apo muzvinabhizimusi anokanda mukutengesa kwavo, kazhinji achisarudzwa nekurega basa kana kuti kupinda kwevana kuchikoro. Kazhinji, nzira dzekutsvaga mari idzi dzinowedzera kuchenjerera sezvo chinangwa chacho chiri kusvika.