Equity uye Chikwereti Ndiyo Zvisarudzo Pamusoro Pemabhizimisi Madiki Mashopu
Kazhinji, bhizinesi iri duku rinokura kuti rimirire mari inonyanya kukosha yemari yemhuri yavo, kunze kweiyo yekugara.
Mazuva ano, mabhizimisi mashoma emabhizimisi anowanzogadziriswa semakambani ane chikwereti chakakosha kana kushamwaridzana kwakasarudzwa , neichimbove chiri chimiro chinonyanyozivikanwa nekuda kwekuti inosanganisira zvizhinji zvekunakisisa kwezvikwata nekubatana. Mumakore akapfuura, kungova nekutengeserana chete kana hutano hwebasa hwakanga hwakakurumbira, kunyange zvazvo vasingakwanisi kuchengetedza pfuma yevadzidzisi kunze kwekambani.
Pasinei nokuti uri kufunga nezvekuisa mari mune bhizinesi duku nekugadzira imwe kubva pakutanga kana kutenga mune imwe kambani iripo, pane zvingori zvingori zviviri zvemamiriro aunogona kutora: Equity kana Chikwereti. Kunyangwe paine kuve nekusiyana-siyana, zvikwereti zvose zvinodzokera kune iyo nheyo mbiri.
Equity Investments mumabhizimisi Maduku
Paunoita kuenzaniswa kwekutsvaga mune bhizinesi duku, iwe uri kutenga danda reimba yako - "chidimbu chedu." Equity vashandi vanopa mari, inenge nguva dzose nenzira yemari, mukutsinhanisa nehuwandu hwehupfumi uye kurasikirwa.
Bhizinesi rinogona kushandisa iri mari kune zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira mari yekushandisa mari yekuwedzera, kushanda mabasa ezuva nezuva, kuderedza chikwereti, kutenga vamwe vadzidzisi, kuvaka chivako, kana kuhaya vashandi vatsva.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chikamu chebhizimisi mubhadharo anogamuchira chinokwana kusvika kumutengo mukuru waanopa.
Somuenzaniso, kana iwe uchikanda mu $ 100,000 mune mari uye vamwe vatengesi vanokanda $ 900,000, vanokwana madhora 1 000 000, munogona kutarisira 10% yehupi hupi huripo kana kurasikirwa nekuti makapa 1/10 yemari yose. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyanya kana uchitarisana nebhizimisi rakagadziriswa kana mumwe akaiswa pamwechete nemukuru wezvinonyanya, izvi hazvisizvo. Funga nezvekudyidzana kwekutsvaga kwemari Warren Buffett akapfuura makore makumi maviri nemakumi matatu. Akanga ane vashandi vashoma vanopa zvikamu zvingangove zvese, asi zvikwereti zvakaparadzaniswa 75% kune vashoma vanobatana navo, maererano nehuwandu hwavo hwose hwehuwandu, uye 25% kwaari somukuru wevamwe, pasinei nokuti akaisa zvishoma zvishoma zvake mari. Vakashamwaridzana vashoma vakanga vakanaka neurongwa urwu nokuti Buffett akanga achipa ruzivo.
Kuve nekutsvaga kwekutsvaga mune bhizinesi duku kunogona kukonzera kuwanika kukuru, asi kunowira ruoko-mu-ruoko nehuwandu hwehuwandu. Kana mari inoshandiswa kupfuura yekutengesa, kurasikirwa kunopiwa iwe. Nharo yakaipa, kana gore, uye iwe unogona kuona kambani ikakundikana kana kutokanganisika. Zvisinei, kana zvinhu zvichifamba zvakanaka, kudzoka kwako kunogona kuva kukuru. Zvinenge zvese kutsvakurudza pamusoro pemamiriyoni eUnited States zvinoratidza kuti imwe chete yakakura yevanhu vane mamiriyoni mabhizimisi vanozvigadzira.
Nhamba yepamusoro, kana iwe uchida kutarisa pakati pekutanga 1% yevapfumi, uine bhizinesi rinobatsira mumusika wecheki iyo inopedza zvikamu gore negore ndiyo mukana wako wakanaka.
Chikwereti Kuwanikwa muBhizimisi Maduku
Kana iwe ukakwereta chikwereti mune imwe bhizinesi, iwe unokweretesa iyo mari mukuchinjana kwechivimbiso chemari inowanikwa uye pakupedzisira kugadzirirwa kweyo mukuru. Mari yechikwereti inonyanya kupiwa kana mukana wekubhadhara zvikwereti uye nguva dzose kana kutengwa kwezvisungo zvakabudiswa nebhizimisi , izvo zvinopa rubatsiro rwemari inowanikwa gore roga roga kutumira tsamba kune musungwa.
Kubudirira kukuru kwechikwereti ndechokuti ine nzvimbo ine ropafadzo mumatongerwo emari . Izvozvo zvinoreva kana kambani inofamba-famba, chikwereti chinonyanya kukoshesa pane vanochengetedza (vashandi vezvikwata). Kazhinji kutaura, chikwata chepamusoro chekwereti ndechekutanga kutora chikwereti chakachengetedzwa chisungo chinenge chichibatanidzwa pane chimwe chinhu chezvinhu zvinokosha kana sechinhu, sezita rezita.
Somuenzaniso, kana iwe ukweretesa mari kune ice cream shop uye ukapiwa bhandi pane zvemaimba uye chivakwa, unogona kutarisa pamusoro payo kana kambani iyo implodes. Zvinogona kutora nguva, kushanda nesimba, uye mari, asi iwe unofanirwa kukwanisa kuwana chero mutevedzo wemutengo unogona kuwana kubva kutengeswa kwepfuma yaunotora iyo yaunotora. Icho chikwereti chakaderera chinozivikanwa sechikwereti , icho chikwereti chisina kuchengetedzwa nemhando chero ipi zvayo asi, pane kudaro, asi zita rakanaka rekambani uye chikwereti.
Ndezvipi Zviri nani: An Equity Investment kana Chikwereti Investment?
Sezvo nezvinhu zvakawanda muhupenyu nebhizimisi, hapana mhinduro isina nyore kumubvunzo uyu. Kana iwe wakanga uri wekushambadzira kwekutanga kuMcDonald's uye wakatenga kutengesa, iwe ungave wakafuma. Dai wainge watenga zvikwereti, uchiita chikwereti chekutsvaga mari, iwe ungadai wakawana mari yakanaka, asi kwete nenzira inonakidza, kudzoka pamari yako. Kune rumwe rutivi, kana iwe ukatenga mune bhizinesi rinokundikana, mukana wako wepamusoro wokutiza iwe usina kubatwa ndewekuti uwane chikwereti, kwete kuenzana.
Zvose izvi zvinowedzera kuomeswa nekucherechedza kunofanirwa kudarika kukoshesa mutengesi Benjamin Graham akagadzira mubasa rake rekudzivirira, Security Analysis . Izvozvi, kuti kuenzana mune bhizinesi risina chikwereti hakwanise kuisa dambudziko guru kune chikwereti chekutsvaga mari mune imwechete firm nokuti, mumatambudziko acho maviri, munhu wacho ndiye aizotanga ari mumutsetse mumatongerwo emari.
Inofanirwa Equity Chikwereti Hybrid
Dzimwe nguva, mabhizimisi mashoma emabhizimisi anotengesa pasi pakati pekutsinhanisa kwezvikwereti uye zvikwereti zvezvikwereti, kushandiswa kwematokari kusarudzwa. Pane kurega zvakanakisisa zvenyika mbiri mbiri, sarudzo yakasarudzwa inoita seinobatanidza zvinhu zvakashata zvekuenzanisa uye chikwereti; iyo iyo, iyo yakakwana yepamusoro yekukwereta kwechikwereti, nechokumusoro chepamusoro chepamusoro chekuenzanisa. Iko kune nguva dzose kunze kwekutonga. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro pezvikwata zvakasarudzwa, verenga The Many Flavors of Preferred Stock .