Sei Kutsigira Kunofunga Zvakanaka Zvakanaka, Asi Kwakakanganisika?
Nzira Dzine Nemienzaniso
Nyika dzinoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana kuti dzidzivirire pabasa ravo. Imwe nzira ndeyekugadzirisa mutengo wekuti mitero inotengeswa .
Izvozvo zvinosimudza mutengo wezvinhu zvakatengeswa. Vanowanzosvikisana kana vachienzaniswa nezvinhu zvekumba. Iyi nzira inoshanda zvakanakisisa kune nyika dzine zvakawanda zvakatengeswa, zvakadai seUnited States.
Muenzaniso unonyanyozivikanwa ndeye Smoot-Hawley Tariff ya1930 . Yakanga yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza varimi kubva kune zvekurima zvekurima kubva kuEurope, iyo yakanga ichiwedzera kukura pashure pekuparadzwa kweHondo Yenyika I. Asi panguva iyo bhiriro rakaiita kuburikidza neCongress , rakange rakatema mitero kune zvakawanda zvakatengeswa kunze. Dzimwe nyika dzakadzorera. Izvo zvinokonzera kukwikwidzana kwekutengeserana hondo zvakaderedza kushandiswa kwenyika yose. Icho chaiva chikonzero chimwe chekuwedzera kwakanyanya kweEkuderera Kukuru .
Nzira yechipiri yekudzivirira mutengesi ndeye apo hurumende inotsigira maindasitiri emunharaunda. Kubatsira kunouya nenzira yekwereti yemitero kana kunyange kutora zvakananga. Iko kunobvumira vashandi kuderedza mutengo wezvinhu zvepasi nemasaiti. Izvi zvinoita kuti michina yacho isadhura kunyange kana inotengeswa kune dzimwe nyika.
Izvozvo zvinoreva kushandiswa kwebasa zviri nani kudarika mari. Iyi nzira inoshanda zvakanyanya kune dzimwe nyika dzinovimba zvikuru nekutengeserana .
Asi dzimwe nguva rubatsiro runogona kuva nechinopesana. Muenzaniso wakanaka weizvi, zvakare, muUnited States mamiriro emari. Chirongwa chekurima kwechirimwa chegore ra1933 chakabvumira hurumende kubhadhara varimi kuti vasakure mbeu kana zvipfuwo.
Izvozvo zvingabvumira minda yavo kuzorora nekudzorerazve mishonga. Yakaisawo mvumo yekugovera . Iko kuwedzera kwemitengo. Yakabatsira varimi vakaparadzwa neDust Bowl , asi vakaita kuti zvokudya zviwedzere mari kune vatengi.
Nzira yechitatu ndeyokumanikidza quotas pane zvekutengesa zvinhu. Iyi nzira inoshanda kupfuura yekutanga mbiri. Hazvina mhosva kuti kune imwe nyika yakaderera yakaisa mutengo kuburikidza nemari inobatsira, haikwanise kutumira zvinhu zvakawanda.
Nyaya dzakawanda dzedzidzo dzinodzinga rudzi rwechina rwekuchengetedzwa kwebhizimisi nokuti harisi nyore. Iko kuedza nemaune nenyika kuderedza mari yaro kukosha. Izvi zvingaita kuti mabhizimusi ayo aende zvishoma uye anokwikwidzana. Iyi nzira inogona kuguma mukudzorera uye kutanga hondo yemari . Imwe nzira nyika inogona kuderedza kukosha kwemari yavo kuburikidza nechigadzirisheni chekushandura . Izvi zvakafanana neChina yeYanan . Imwe nzira ndeyokusika chikwereti chakawanda munyika kuti ine mhedzisiro imwechete, sekudhora kweAmerica .
Kubatsirwa
Kana nyika iri kuedza kukura yakasimba mune imwe mishonga, mashandiro edziviriro achaidzivirira kubva kune vakwikwidzi vemamwe nyika. Izvozvo zvinopa makambani matsva emakambani nguva kuti vawedzere kubatsirwa kwavo pachavo.
Kudzivirirwa kwekodzero kunogadzirisawo kwenguva pabasa kune vashandi vekumba. Kudzivirirwa kwemitengo, quotas kana rubatsiro kunobvumira makambani ekubhadhara kunharaunda.
Izvi zvinoguma kamwechete dzimwe nyika dzichidzorera kuburikidza nekugadzirisa padziviriro yavo pachavo.
Kukanganisika
Munguva yakareba, kushandiswa kwekutengeserana kunotadzisa mhizha. Pasina makwikwi, makambani mukati memhizha haafaniri kudikanwa kugadzira. Pakupedzisira, chigadzirwa chemukati chichaderera muhutano. Ichange iine hutsika hwakaderera uye inodhura kupfuura inowanikwa kune vakwikwidzi vemunyika.
Kubudiswa kwebasa Jobho kunokonzerwa nekuderedza kukwikwidzana kweUnited States . Makwikwi akatsika kubva kumakumi emakore eUnited States asina kuisa mari mune dzidzo. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune hukuru-tech, engineering uye sayenzi. Kuwedzera kwekutengeserana kunovhura misika itsva yebhizimisi kutengesa mishonga yavo. IPetererson Institute for International Economics inofungidzira kuti kupedzisa matanho ose ekutengeserana kwaizowedzera mari yeUnited States ne $ 500 bhiriyoni.
Kuwedzera kwekudzivirirwa kweUnited States kuchaenderera mberi kunonoka kukura kwehupfumi . Izvozvo zvinokonzera kukanganisa kukuru, kwete kuderera. Kana United States ichivhara miganhu yayo, dzimwe nyika dzichaita zvakafanana. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa pakati pevashandi vane mamiriyoni gumi nemaviri eUnited States vanobhadhara mabasa avo kutumira kunze.
Free Trade Agreements
Zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana zvisingabhadhari zvinoderedza kana kubvisa kushandiswa kwemitengo uye zvigadziriswa pakati pevashandisi vemabhizimisi Chibvumirano chikuru pane NAFTA . Icho chiri pakati peUnited States, Canada , uye Mexico . ITrans-Pacific Partnership ingadai yakakura. Asi Mutungamiri Trump akasiya United States kubva pachibvumirano ichocho. Somugumisiro, imwe iyo inobatanidza nyika dziri kuzvigadzirira ivo pachavo. Kana China ikasarudza kujoina navo, iyo inoshandura NAFTA sechibvumirano chikuru chebasa rezvepasi.
Uyewo mumusangano wekugadzirwa kwebasa guru repamusoro munyika ingadai yakave iyo Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership . Yaiva pakati peEuropean Union neUnited States. Asi Mutungamiri weTrump haana kuitsvaka.
Chibvumirano chakawanda chekushanda kwezvematongerwo enyika ndiro Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement , iri pakati peUnited States neCentral America. Kunewo zvibvumirano zvakasiyana neChile, Colombia, Panama, Peru, Uruguay uye nyika dzakawanda muSouth-Asia. IUnited States inewo zvibvumirano neMiddle East nyika dzeIsrael, Jordan, Morocco, Bahrain neOman.
Asi maATA haabvisi matanho ezvidziviriro sevatsigiri kana mari yehondo. Chimwe chekusavadza kwe NAFTA chaiva chekubhadharwa kwekudyidzana kwemaPurini yekudyisa varimi veMexico vachibva mune zvebhizinesi. Pasinei nekukanganisa kwavo kune vamwe, zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana zvisingabhadharwi zvinowedzera zvinopfuura zvavanoda .