Bilateral Trade Agreements NeZvinhu Zvadzo uye Izvo

Pamusoro pe12 US Bilateral Trade Agreements

Sangano rechibvumirano rezvematongerwo enyika rinoita kuti vanhu vafarire nzvimbo yekutengesa pakati pemarudzi maviri. Nokuvapa kuti vawane mikana yemumwe nemumwe, inowedzera kutengeserana uye hupfumi hwehupfumi. Izvo zvido zvechibvumirano zvinomiririra maitiro ebhizimisi uye inoenzanisa kutamba.

Sungano imwe neimwe inosanganisira nzvimbo shanu. Chokutanga, inopedza mitengo uye mamwe mitero yebhizimisi. Izvi zvinopa makambani mukati memunyika maviri mutengo wemari.

Inoshanda zvakanaka apo nyika imwe neimwe inonyanya kushandiswa mumakambani akasiyana.

Chechipiri, nyika dzinobvumirana havazoregi zvigadzirwa pamutengo usina mari. Makambani avo anoita izvi kuti vawane chikamu chisina kunaka chemari. Vanodonha mutengo pasi pezvazvaizotengesera kumusha kana kunyange zvinodhura kuti zvibudise. Vanokwidza mutengo kana vachinge vaparadza makwikwi.

Chechitatu, hurumende dzinorega kushandisa zvisina kururama rubatsiro . Nyika dzakawanda dzinopa rubatsiro kumashandiro ezvigadzirwa, zvakadai sesimba uye zvekurima. Izvi zvinoderedza mari yevabereki ivavo. Izvo zvinovapa mukana usina kunaka pavanotumira kune imwe nyika.

Chechina, chibvumirano chinomira mitemo, mitemo yebasa, uye kudzivirirwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Mitemo shoma shoma inoshanda sebhasiro. Inopa vatengesi vemunyika kuti vakwikwidzane pamusoro pemakwikwi avo emunyika.

Chechipiri, vanobvumirana kuti vasaba mimwe midziyo yezvinhu zvitsva. Vanotora mitemo yevamwe nekodzero yemitemo.

Kubatsirwa

Zvibvumirano zvehurumende zvinowedzera kutengeserana pakati penyika mbiri. Vanozarura misika kumabhizimisi akabudirira. Sezvo makambani anobatsira, vanowedzera mabasa.

Vatengi venyika vanobatsirwawo nekuderedza mari. Vanogona kuwana michero yakawanda uye yemiriwo iyo inodhura pasina chibvumirano.

Izvo zviri nyore kutaurirana pane dzimwe nyika dzakawanda dzebvumirano , nokuti dzinongosanganisira nyika mbiri.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanogona kupinda mukushanda nekukurumidza, kukohwa bhizimusi mari inokurumidza kukurumidza. Kana nhaurirano yemvumo yakawanda yebhizimisi ikakundikana, vazhinji vemarudzi vachataurirana zvidimbu zvezvibvumirano zvese pane nzvimbo.

Kukanganisika

Chero chibvumirano chekushandira chichaita kuti makambani mashoma abudirire kubva kunze kwebhizimisi. Havagoni kukwikwidzana nemichina ine simba kune imwe nyika. Apo kudzivirirwa kwemitengo kunobviswa, vanorasikirwa nemari yavo inobatsira. Sezvavanenge vaenda kunze kwebhizimisi, vashandi vanorasikirwa nemabasa.

Zvibvumirano zvekubatana zvinowanzokonzera kukwikwidzana kwekubvumirana kune dzimwe nyika pakati peimwe nyika. Izvi zvinogona kuchenesa zvigaro zveFTA zvinopindirana pakati pemarudzi maviri ekutanga.

Mienzaniso

Sangano reTransatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership raizobvisa zvipingamupinyi zvino zvekutengeserana pakati peUnited States neEuropean Union . Icho chichava chibvumirano chakakura kusvika ikozvino, kurova kunyange NAFTA . Kukurukurirana kwakagadziriswa mushure mekunge Mutungamiri Trump atange kushanda. Kunyange zvazvo EU ine nyika dzakawanda dzinhengo, inogona kutaurirana semunhu mumwe chete. Izvi zvinoita kuti TTIP isangano rechibvumirano yebhizimisi.

IUnited States ine zvibvumirano zvebhizimisi zvekushandira pamwe nekushanda pamwe nedzimwe nyika gumi nemaviri. Heino mutsara, gore rawakatanga kushanda uye rakaita.

1. Australia (January 1, 2005) - Chibvumirano ichi chakaita $ 26.7 mabhiriyoni muna 2009, kuwedzera kutengeserana 23 muzana kubvira pakatanga. Zvinhu zveSIM zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvakakura 33 muzana, asi kutengeswa kwakasimuka kusvika 3.5 kubva muzana.
2. Bahrain (January 11, 2006) - Mitengo yose yakabviswa. IU.S. yakawedzera kutengeswa mune zvekurima, zvemari dzemari, kuterevhizheni, uye mamwe mabasa.
3. Chile (January 1, 2004) - Yakabvisa mitengo, yakapa kuchengetedzwa kwezvinhu zvepfungwa, uye yaida basa rinobudirira uye kushandiswa kwemagariro, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu. Zvinosuruvarisa, kutengeserana kwakaderera kubva muna 2004. US inotengesera kuChile yakawira 26 muzana (kusvika kune $ 8,8 mabhiriyoni), asi kutengeswa kwakaderera 29 muzana (kusvika ku $ 5.8 mabhiriyoni).
4. Colombia (Gumiguru 21, 2011) - Kutengesa kwemari kunowedzera kutengeswa kwezvinhu zveSouth zvishoma ne $ 1.1 mabhiriyoni, uye kuwedzerwa kweGDP kweUS $ 2,5 billion.

1. Israeri (1985) - Yakaderedza matanho ekutengeserana uye yakasimudzira kurongeka kwekunze.
2. Jordani (December 17, 2001) - Mukuwedzera pakuderedza zvipingamupinyi zvokutengeserana, chibvumirano chacho chakabvisa zvakananga zvipingamupinyi zvekudya kwekuAmerica uye nenyama yekutengesa, uye yakabvumira kuwedzera kutengeswa kwezvinhu zvekurima kubva kuJorodhani.
3. Korea (March 15, 2012) - Inenge 80 muzana yemitengo yakabviswa, pakupedzisira inowedzera kutengeswa ne $ 10 biliyoni. Musi waMarch 26, 2018, mutungamiri weTrump akadzinga South Korea kubva kune 25 muzana yekutengesa mutengo. Mutendi weUnited States ndiye wechitatu wekutengeserana kunze kwenyika yesimbi. Mukudzoka, South Korea yakabvumirana kuronga chibvumirano che2012. IUnited States ichachengetedza 25 muzana inotengeserana pamatori emotokari kune mamwe makore makumi maviri. Pasi pechibvumirano chepakutanga, mari yekutengesa yaizopera muna 2021. South Korea yakabvumirana kuti iwirire miganhu yayo yekutengeswa kwemotokari yeU.S.
4. Marokoro (January 5, 2006) - Kuwedzera kwekutengesa kwezvigadzirwa kwakasimuka kusvika ku $ 1.8 mabhiriyoni muna 2011, kubva pa $ 79 mamiriyoni muna 2005.
5. Oman (January 1, 2009) - Hurukuro dziri kuenderera mberi kubvumirana pamusoro pemashoko ekushanda kwemabasa muOman.
6. Panama (Gumiguru 21, 2011) - Vamiririri vezvekutengeserana vari kutaurirana nezvebasa uye mitero mitemo. Chibvumirano chichabvisa chikamu chemazana kubva muzana, uye ine mimwe mitero yakasvika 81 kubva muzana, uye imwe yakakwirira se 260 muzana. Ona Panama Canal Impact muUnited States Economy
7. Peru (February 1, 2009) - Kutengeswa nePeru kwaiva $ 8,8 mabhiriyoni, uye kutengeswa kwema $ 4.8 mabhiriyoni, mugore iro chibvumirano chacho chakasainwa. IAFTA yakabvisa mitero yose, yakapa kuchengetedzwa kwepamutemo kwevatengesi uye zvepfungwa, uye ndiyo yaiva yekutanga kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa kwebasa uye zvakatipoteredza.
8. Singapore (January 1, 2004) - Nhamba yakabhadharwa $ 37 mabhiriyoni muna 2009, inokwana 17 muzana kubvira apo FTA yakatanga. Zvakatengeswa zvakasimuka 31 kubva muzana, kusvika ku $ 21.6 mabhiriyoni.