Chii chinonzi Trump's Executive Order kuti irege kubviswa kubva kune TPP Mean?
Vakuru vehurumende vaibva kune imwe nyika vakasaina chibvumirano musi waFebruary 4, 2016. Hurukuro dzakapedzeredzwa kubudirira musi waOctober 4, 2015. Bumbiro rega roga rehurumende raifanira kubvumirana nesangano risati rasvika.
Izvo zvisati zvaitika, Kuronga kwaTrump kwakatora United States kubva mukugadzirisa.
I TPP yaiva pakati peAustralia, Brunei, Canada , Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, United States, uye Vietnam. Nyika dzakabatanidzwa dzinobvisa makumi mana kubva muzana zvezana renyika yose zvakabhadhara mari ye $ 107.5 trillion. Vanopa 26 muzana yekutengesa kwenyika yose uye 793 mamiriyoni evashandi venyika.
Nzvimbo yekutengeserana ye TPP ingadai yakakura kudarika North North Free Trade Agreement , ikozvino ndiyo yakakura kupfuura iyo yose. Muna 2012, kuenzanirana kwekutengeserana kwenyika pakati penyika kwaiva $ 1.5 triliyoni muzvinhu. Muna 2011, yaiva $ 242 mabhiriyoni mumabasa. Ingadai yakave duku kudarika Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership . ITTIP ndiyo imwe huru huru yekutengeserana kwebvumirano yekutengeserana iri kutaurirana. Iri pakati peUnited States neEuropean Union . Hurukuro dzakapinda mu limbo apo Trump akazoshanda.
Zvinonzwisisika, iyo TPP haina kubvisa China . Izvozvi nemaune. Zvinoreva kuenzanisa kutengeserana kwekutengeserana kweChinese neIndia kuEast Asia. Iyo TPP yaizopa United States chikonzero chokupindira mumakakatanwa ekutengeserana mumafuta-akapfuma South South Sea. China yave ichitsvaga mauto ayo kuti idzokere kumashure kwayo munzvimbo iyoyo.
Asi mapoka ose akanyevera kuti dzimwe nhengo dzinogona kubatana munguva yemberi. Kusvika ikozvino, Philippines neChina vakaratidza kufarira.
Kungofanana nedzimwe dzakawanda dzekutengeserana, rinobvisa mararamiro ezvigadzirwa nemabasa uye inogadzirisa zvekugadzirwa kwemashoko ezvematongerwo enyika. Kusiyana nezvimwe zvibvumirano, rinobvisa zvisiri zvekutengesa kutengesa. Inobvumiranawo nemitemo nemitemo. Iyo inosanganisira izvo zvikamu neTTIP.
Iko TPP inosangana nehuwandu hwezvigadzirwa nemabasa. Izvi zvinosanganisira mabasa ezvemari, kuterevhizheni, uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvokudya. Nenzira iyi, inopinda mutemo wenyika uye kunyange mitemo munyika. Semuenzaniso, inoratidza kuti nyika inotanga sangano rakafanana neU.S. Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs . Inotsanangura zvinodhura uye zvinobatsira zvemitemo mitsva.
Chibvumirano chakakwana uye chekufambira mberi kweTrans-Pacific Partnership
Musi waMarch 8, 2018, dzimwe nyika 11 TPP dzakasaina chibvumirano chakagadziriswa kunze kweUnited States. Basa idzva rinotevera TPP, nekumiswa kwemakumi maviri emitemo. China iri kufunga nezvekubatanidza chibvumirano chebhizimisi. Kuita izvi kwaizochinja zvakanyanya simba remasimba mune zvekunze kwenyika .
Musi waApril 12, 2018, Trump yakaratidza kuti United States inogona kunge yakagadzirira kudzokera kune TPP.
Trump akati aizoita izvi chete kana aigona kuwana "mutengo uri nani" kupfuura Obama wakaita. Asi nyika dzakawanda dzinonzwa dzatove dzakapa kupa mvumo yakakwana. Semuenzaniso, vakabvuma kutendera makambani ekuUnited States eUnited States kuchengetedza mararamiro avo kwenguva yakareba kudarika inowanikwa kune dzimwe nyika.
Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti China ingashandisa basa rakadaro kuti ridzivise mitero inoshandiswa neHurump's war trade . China inogona kutumira zvinhu zvitsva kune nhengo dze TPP, dzakadai seVietnam. Zvigadzirwa ikoko zvaizotumira zvigadzirwa zvakapedzisira kuAmerica, kudzivisa mutengo.
TPP Pros
Iko yepakutanga TPP inokurudzira kutengeserana uye kukura kwezvoupfumi. Izvi zvinofanira kusimbisa mamwe mabasa uye kubudirira kweve nyika 12 dzinobatanidzwa. Ichawedzera kutengeswa ne $ 305 mabhiriyoni pagore ne2025. US exports inowedzera ne $ 123.5 mabhiriyoni. Ichinobatsira mitambo, motokari, plastiki, uye zvekurima.
Inowedzera kutengeswa kwekutengesa nekutora mitengo 18,000 yakaiswa kuUnited States kune dzimwe nyika. IUnited States yakatosiya hupfumi makumi mapfumbamwe ematatu emitengo iyo inotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Iyo TPP ndiyo inotamba nharaunda.
Chibvumirano chinowedzera $ 223 mabhiriyoni pagore kumari yevashandi munyika dzose, ne $ 77 mabhiriyoni kuenda kuvashandi veUnited States.
Nyika dzose dzakabvumirana kuderedza kushambadzira kwemhuka dzesango. Iko kunobatsira nhofu, rhinoceroses, uye marine zvipenyu zvakanyanya. Iyo inodzivirira kushandiswa kwemamiriro okunze, zvakadai sekusagadzikana kwekugadzira miti uye hove. Nyika dzisingateereri dzichasangana nekutengeserana kwezvikwereti.
TPP Cons
Zvizhinji zvekuwana muhomwe kwaizoenda kuvashandi vanoita zvinopfuura $ 88,000 pagore. Zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana zvisina kufanira zvinoita kuti pave nekusawirirana mune zvekuwana munyika dzakawanda. Vanokurudzira zvinhu zvinodhura kubva kunyika dzepasi-pasi.
Izvi zvingava kunyanya kuitika kune TPP nokuti inodzivirira kodzero dzekodzero uye kodzero dzekodzero. Vakadzi-vakakwidziridza vadzidzisi vehupfumi hwepfuma vaizogamuchira zvakawanda zvekuwana mari.
Chibvumirano chekuita zvepavanamato chichaderedza kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvinodhura zvishoma. Izvozvo zvichawedzera mari yezvinodhaka zvizhinji. Makwikwi emabhizimisi emakwikwi achaderedza zvinokurudzira muAsia kudzivirira zvakatipoteredza. Pakupedzisira asi kwete, chibvumirano chebhizimisi chinogona kudarika mitemo yezvemari.
Vatungamiri Vanokunda Zvipingamupinyi Izvi
Aya mazano mashanu okunamatira akamira munzira yebasa racho. Heino maitiro avakakundwa.
IUnited States yakabvumira kupfupisa zvibvumirano , kunyanya kune zvinodhaka zvebiologic. Makambani emishonga anogona kuchengetedza maitiro avo chakavanzika kwemakore mashanu kusvika kune manomwe pane makore gumi nemaviri.
Zvose zvinoshandiswa nehurumende s inofanirwa kuenderana nehuwandu hwemabhizimisi ehurumende hunodzivirira vashandi vavo uye zvakatipoteredza. IUnited States yaifanira kukunda kupikisa kubva kuVietnam, Singapore, uye kuMalaysia. Nyika idzodzo dzinofanira kunge dzichibvumira kubatana kwemabasa kana kutarisana nemitambo.
IUnited States, Japan, neCanada yakabvuma kurasikirwa nehutori hwemari yehuta, nyuchi, uye vanogadzira nyuchi . Iri ndiro raiva nheyo huru yakasimba. Kukura kwekugadziriswa kwakagamuchirwa nekambani yeUnited States neEuro kwakadzivisa kubudirira kweDoha kuzere hurukuro dzebhizimisi dzakaitwa neWorld Trade Organization . Ichokwadi chokuti varimi vakanga vachida kurasikirwa nekuchengetedzwa kwemari kwaive kukunda kukuru kwevataurirano.
Nyika idzi dzakabvumiranawo kuti dzivhure mabhizimisi avo . Izvozvo zvinogona kutengesa mabasa emunharaunda nekuderedza mutengo wemotokari nemotokari. IUnited States yakakunda hondo yacho pamusoro peAva Investor-State Dispute Settlement Mechanism. Izvo zvinopa makambani ekune dzimwe kodzero zhinji yekupomera hurumende kupfuura mahofisi edzimba ane. Mukudzoka, United States yakabvumirana nemiganhu yekutengeswa kwefodya . Haichazobvumiri makambani emidzanga kuti ashandise masangano ekubvumirana kuti asungirire nyika iyo mutero kana kuti zvimwe zvinorega kushambadzira fodya.
Zvitsva Zvitsva
Utongi hukuru hweTrump hunokanda sungano yose mubvunzo. Dzimwe nyika dzinogona kupfuurira chibvumirano kunze kweUnited States. Vanogonawo kumirira kusvikira United States inotanga zvibvumirano zvese nemumwe wavo. Vaizoita saizvozvo kuziva nzvimbo yavo yekukurukurirana ingadai isina simba. Zvinenge zvisingabviri kuti vangabvunze China, nyika huru yepasi rese , kutora nzvimbo yeAmerica muchibvumirano. Izvo zvingadai zvichinyanya kuchinja kushandiswa kwesimba muAsia.
Pamberi pemutungamiri wehurumende, chibvumirano chacho chakanga chiri muchikwata chekubvumirana. Izvozvo zvaireva sendima yega yega yenyika inofanira kugadzirisa chibvumirano ichi isati yasvika. Sangano reUnited States raiva nemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe ekudzokorora uye kukakavadzana chibvumirano. Inogona kungovhura "hongu" kana kuti "kwete" pane chibvumirano. Haikwanise kuchinja chero yemashoko echibvumirano. Izvi ndizvo zvinoreva kuti Congress yakapa mutungamiri wekutsvaga kutengesa kodzero yekusimudzira hurumende musi waJune 29, 2015. Kubvisa kweTump kubva TPP kunoreva Congress hainazve mukana wekutora pachibvumirano.