Vashomanana vokuMexico Vanopinda kuMelika Kupfuura Vice Versa
Mexico ye 2017 kuwedzera kweGDP kwaive 2.1%, maererano neUnited States, asi pasi peCanada 3.0% yekukura. zvakafanana nedzimwe shamwari dza NAFTA. Kukura kweMexico kwave kunonoka kubva muna 2016, apo paive ma 2.3%. Mutemo waro wekurarama , wakayerwa neGDP per capita , waiva $ 19,500. Icho chiri pasi pehafu yevamwe vese ve NAFTA.
Economy yeMexico inotenderera kune zvekutengesa
Mexico ndiyo yegumi nematanhatu inotakura kunze kwenyika. Muna 2017, 81 muzana yezvakatengeserako vakaenda kuUnited States. Sangano neUnited States neCanada rakapetwa katatu kubva apo NAFTA yakasayina muna 1994. Inopfuura 90 kubva muzana yekutengeserana kweMexico iri pasi pemitemo 12 yekutengeserana kusununguka . Mexico ine zvibvumirano nenyika 44, kupfuura imwe nyika ipi zvayo. Aya mazano ekutengeserana ndiwo chikonzero chikuru chekubudirira kweMexico.
Mexico inogadzira uye inotengesa kuenzana kwezvimwe zvinhu sezvimwe zvese zveLatin America pamwe chete. Kutengeserana kwenyika kune imwe yenzana huru yehupfumi hweMexico kupfuura dzimwe nyika huru.
Nhamba yekutengeserana yeMexico # 1 inogadzirwa michina. Inotengesawo sirivha, michero, miriwo, kofi, nekotoni.
Mexico ndiyo nyika yechisere yekupisa mafuta emafuta, pamadhora anenge mamiriyoni matatu pazuva. Izvi zvisiri pasi peCanada, Iran, kana Iraq asi zvinopfuura mamwe makuru makuru kunze kweKaiit, Brazil, kana Nigeria.
Mexico inopinza mitambo yekugadzira simbi uye zvekurima. Inopinzawo midziyo yemagetsi, motokari uye ndege, uye michina yemagetsi.
Chikonzero nei Mexico Inofadza Kune Vashandi
Chuma cheMexico uye mutsika zviri kuchinja. Kusvikira muna 2012, hupfumi hweMexico hwakanyatsogadzirisa Brazil. Mexico ikozvino ndiyo huru yekugadzira nzvimbo yemagetsi. Izvo zvinosanganisira zvakawanda zvepaTV-screen-screen yakatengeswa muUnited States. Izvo zvinogadzirawo zvigadzirwa zvemishonga uye zvikamu zvepamusoro.
Mvumo dzekutengeserana dzeMexico dzinoita kuti vashandi vasawana rusununguko rusununguko kune 60 muzana yenyika. Iyo kubatsirwa inokwezva mafekitari kunze kwenyika.
International trade (exports plus import) inokwana 66 muzana yeGDP yenyika. Izvozvo zvakanyanya kupfuura Brazil (26 muzana) kana kunyange China (42 muzana). Izvi zvakasimbiswa pamabhizimisi zvinokonzera makambani eMexico mukukwikwidzana kwenyika. Gruma ndiyo inoshambadza zvikuru yepasi tortilla maker. Bimbo ndicho chikafu chinokonzera chingwa kubvira paakawana mubiki weUnited States Sara Lee. Makambani ekuMexico anokwanisa kuenda kumusika weAmerica. Vanotaurawo mutauro wakafanana nezvose zveLatin America.
Mexico yakakura kubva pane yepfumbamwe kusvika kune yechinomwe huru yekugadzira motokari munyika pasi pegore ra2012 na2015. Ndiyo yechina huru yekutengesa motokari.
Ichangopfuura yakapfuura Japan sechipiri-guru kuAmerica zvikamu zvekutengesa motokari.
Zvinetso zvezveMari
Chikamu chekuchinja kunosanganisira Mutungamiri mutsva, Enrique Peña Nieto. MunaDisemba 2013, Congress yakapa bhiri yake, yakarongerwa munaAugust, kuti igovhiringidza hupfumi hweMexico hunoita kuti kukoshesa kune imwe nyika inotarisirwa kudiwa. Makambani emafuta ekune dzimwe nyika aigona kugoverana mune zvinyorwa chero chipi zvacho kubva pamafuta akadzikinurwa kubva mumatsime matsva. Kana mazwi acho ari akarurama, izvi zvinogona kubvumira kuongorora kweMexico yakawanda yemafuta emvura yakadzika nemafuta ayo epasi. Vashandi vanobva kunze kwenyika vachabatsira kubvisa mafuta akawanda chete kana vachigona kugoverana mumari.
Kuzvidzivirira kwakange kusinganzwiki nehutungamiri huri mberi. Nyika yeiri yemafuta yakawanda, Pemex, yakanga iri yehurumende uye yakatumira mari yayo yese kuhurumende yehurumende. Somugumisiro, chikamu chimwe chetatu chemari yehurumende inobva pane mafuta.
Panzvimbo yekutsvaga mari mukuvandudza masango matsva, hurumende yaive ichirapa Pemex semombe yemari, ichiedza kungowedzera purogiramu yenguva pfupi. Somugumisiro, kukohwa kwakawira 25 muzana mumakore gumi apfuura. Mutungamiri mukuru akadzoserwa neCongress munaFebruary 2016. Mutungamiri mukuru weEEC anofanira kunge achikwikwidzana nekutarisana nematengo emafuta ezasi.
Mutungamiri Peña Nieto ari kutarisawo kugadzirisa magetsi, nekuderedza mutengo waro. Vashandi vanoitawo kufambidzana kweMexico mu NAFTA, kuzvimiririra kwebhandi rayo guru, uye kubhadhara mari. (Ikoko: "Mexico Inopika Mafuta Okuputira neGasi Industries," The Wall Street Journal, Gumiguru 13, 2013.)
Mexico yakavaka zvigadzirwa zvayo zvekugadzira zvekutengeserana. Izvozvo zvakagadzira Carlos Slim Helu, telecom telecom, mutekisi weMexican, murume akapfuma kwazvo munyika yose muna 2007. Akachengetedza zita iro kusvikira muna 2013 apo Mutevedzeri weMicrosoft Bill Gates akawanazve nzvimbo iyo. Helu ndiye ane mapoka matatu: América Móvil, Telmex, uye Grupo Financiero Inbursa. Vanodzora makumi manomwe kubva muzana emafoni efoni, 80 muzana yemigwagwa yepamba, uye 70 muzana yebandaneti.
Kushaya kukwikwidza kunopedza kukura. Nhare-foni kupinda muMexico ine 85 peresenti chete, inenge yakafanana neIraq. A fast fastbandband connection inodhura kaviri, yakafanana neChile. Zvimwe pedyo-zvitsvene zvinosanganisira Bimbo (chingwa), Cemex (simenti), uye Televisa (terevhizheni).
Nzvimbo yaHeru inopisidzirwa nemitemo mitsva yeMexico yokuderedza mitambo yekutengesa. America kambani AT & T iri kupinda mumusika nekuda kwekuderedza mitengo.
Zvinetso kuMariko weMexico
Dambudziko guru nderokubvisa zvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Mutungamiri wePurezidenti Peña Nieto ndekuwedzera mari yekuchengetedza kubva kubva ku5,5 kubva ku5 kusvika ku5 muzana yeGDP - iyo yakashanda kuColombia. Aizotora mashome makumi mana emakumi masere emapurisa.
Mutungamiri Peña Nieto akatsiva Mutungamiri Felipe Calderón-Hinojosa. Akatanga kupopotedzana kwehutano hwehutano hwakarongeka uye hunoita mapurisa emunharaunda. Yakagadzira hondo yose. Izvozvo zvakawedzera chisimba chinosanganisira kutsiva pamusoro pevagari vevanhu nemakambani. Vakawanda vokuMexico vakapa mhosva Calderon nekutyisidzira mabhasiki uye kuwedzera hutsinye.
Calderon aiva nechikonzero chekutya. Pashure pekuparadzwa kweColombia, mazhinji emabasa ayo ecocaine akatamira kuMexico. Pasina kudzora masimba, mabhasikoro anotora hurumende dzenharaunda. Calderon akavhara pasi kuti awedzere kukwikwidzana kweMexico kwekukwikwidza. Akatorawo matanho ekupa hutano hwehutano hwakanaka, kutsigira masangano edzimhosva, uye kudzivirira zvakatipoteredza.
Mutungamiri Pena akavimbisa kuvandudza zvikoro, migwagwa, uye hutano hwehutano, nekugadzirisa mitemo uye mitemo yebasa. Dambudziko rake guru ndiro chikamu chekumaodzanyemba kwenyika. Iyo haibatsiri kubva purogiramu ye maquiladora kumucheto wekumusoro. Nokuwedzera, ona NAFTA Pros uye Cons .
Mashoko Anoshamisa Anotaura nezveMexico uye Kuenda kune dzimwe nyika
Vazhinji veAmerica vanonetseka nezvekupinda kwepamutemo kweMexico. Nyika iri kuwana vaeni vemo pachavo. Vatongi vemamwe marudzi vakaberekerwa kune dzimwe nyika vanobva kune dzimwe nyika kubva muna 2000 kusvika muna 2010. Iko zvino mamiriyoni ezana. Pakati pavo, 750,000 vanhu veAmerica. Somugumisiro, vamwe veAmerica vakatamira kuMexico mumakore mashoma akapfuura kupfuura vice-versa.
Uyezve, kuberekwa kwenyika kunowedzera. Inogona kunge ichangopfuura iri yeUnited States. Mhirizhonga inobatanidza nemishonga inodhaka inoenderera ichienderera mberi, sezvo Mexico ndiyo iyo nzira huru yekutengeserana kune vekuAmerica. Zvisinei, chiyero chekuponda kwenyika chinowira zvishoma nezvishoma mumakore mashanu. (Chinyorwa: "Pashure Pemazuva, Dawn," The Economist, November 24, 2012.)