NAFTA inopesanawo. Vanyori vezvematongerwo enyika havabvumi kuti zvibvumirano zvakasununguka zvebvumirano zvebhizimisi zvinopfuura zvisingabatsiri. Heano ivo vakadaro kuitira kuti iwe unogona kuzvisarudzira iwe pachako.
Pros
NAFTA ine zvitanhatu . Kutanga, iyo yakawanda yaitengeserana pakati peCanada , Mexico , uye United States.
Izvozvo ndezvokuti chibvumirano chakabvisa mari . Kutengeserana pakati penyika nhatu kwakawedzera kusvika $ 1.14 triliyoni muna 2015.
Chechipiri, kutengeserana kukuru kwakawedzerwa mune zvemari . NAFTA yakasimudza kukura kweU.S. kusvika kune 0.5% pamwaka. Vatatu vemabhizimisi vakabatsirwa zvikuru kubva pakuwedzera kwezvekutengeserana . Vakanga vari varimi, motokari, uye mabasa akadai sehutano uye mabasa emari.
Chechitatu, kukura kwakasimba kwakagadzira mabasa . US exports kune dzimwe nyika mbiri akatungamirira kune mamiriyoni mashanu emabasa emaAmerica matsva. Mumakore mana ekutanga e NAFTA, vashandi vakaumba mabasa 800 000.
Chechina, kutengeswa kwekune dzimwe nyika kwakapfuura kupfuura katatu. Mabhizimisi eSUS akashandisa $ 452 mabhiriyoni muMexico neCanada. Makambani aya munyika mbiri akaisa $ 240.2 mabhiriyoni muUnited States. Izvozvo zvakabatsira US kubudisa, inshuwarisi, uye makambani ebhengi.
Chechipiri, NAFTA yakaderedza mitengo . Mafuta eU.S. inotengeswa kubva kuMexico inodhura zvishomanana nokuti NAFTA yakabvisa mitero.
Izvozvo zvinoderedza kutendeseka kweAmerica pamafuta kubva kuMiddle East. Mafuta mashoma anoderedza mitengo yegesi, iyo inoderedza mari yekufambisa. Somugumisiro, mutengo wezvokudya uri pasi.
Chechitanhatu, chibvumirano chaibatsira nehurumende kushandisa mari . Ndizvo kuti zvibvumirano zvehurumende yehurumende imwe neimwe yakawanikwa kune vanotengesa munyika dzose nhatu nhengo.
Iko kukwikwidzana kwakawedzera uye kuderedza mari.
Cons
NAFTA ine matambudziko matanhatu . Kutanga, zvakakonzera kurasikirwa kwemabasa 500,000-750,000 muUnited States . Vazhinji vakanga vari mumabhizimisi ekugadzira muCalifornia, New York, Michigan, uye Texas. Makambani akawanda ekugadzira akatamira kuMexico nokuti basa rakanga risina mari. Imotokari, textile, kombiyuta, uye magetsi emashandisi emashandiro emagetsi zvakakanganiswa zvikuru.
Chechipiri, basa rekuenda kune imwe nyika rinodzvinyirirwa mibairo . Makambani anotyisidzirwa kutamira kuMexico kuzochengeta vashandi kuti vasawirirana. Pasina hurumende, vashandi vakanga vasingakwanisi kutaurirana kuti vawane mari yakawanda. Iri sarudzo rakabudirira zvakanyanya zvokuti rakava inowanzoshanda nzira yekushanda. Pakazosvika 1993 na 1995, hafu yemakambani ose akashandisa. Pakazosvika 1999, iyo yero yakakura kusvika 65 muzana.
Chechitatu, NAFTA yakaisa varimi vokuMexico kunze kwebhizimisi. Yakabvumira US hurumende-michina yepurazi inobhadhara muMexico. Varimi vemunharaunda havakwanisi kukwikwidzana nemari inobhadharwa. Somugumisiro, varimi vane mamiriyoni 1.3 vakaiswa kunze kwebhizimisi, maererano neEconom Policy Institute. Yakamanikidza varimi vasingashandi kuti vayambuke muganhu zvisiri pamutemo kuti vawane basa. Muna 1995, maiva nemamiriyoni 2,9 eMexico aigara muUnited States zvisiri pamutemo. Yakawedzerwa kusvika mamiriyoni 4.5 muna 2000, zvichida nemhaka ye NAFTA.
Ikuderera kwakaendesa mufananidzo iwoyo kusvika mamiriyoni 6.9 muna 2007. Muna 2014, yakava kusvika mamiriyoni 5,8, inowanikwa kaviri pane yaive iripo NAFTA.
Chechina, vashandi vasingashandisi vokuMexico vakashanda kushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kukodzera muhurongwa hwemaquiladora. Maquiladora ndiyo iyo makambani eUnited States ane mazano anoshandisa vashandi veMexican pedyo nemuganhu. Vanodhura zvigadzirwa zvekutengeserana zvakare kuUnited States. Purogiramu yakakura ikashandisa 30 muzana yevashandi veMexico.
Chechipiri, makambani eSUS akaradzisa nzvimbo yeMexico kuchengetedza mari shoma. Agribusiness muMexico yakashandisa huwandu huwandu nemamwe makemikari. Mugumisiro wacho waiva $ 36 biliyoni gore rimwe nerimwe mukusvibiswa. Varimi vemuzinda wekumaruwa vakamanikidzwa kunyika yepasi kuti vagare mune bhizinesi. Vanochera 630 000 hektares emasango gore. Iyo kudyara kwemvura kunobatsira pakupisa kwepasi rose .
Chechitanhatu, NAFTA yakabvumira matori eMexico kuti apinde muUnited States. Matairi eMexico haabatanidzwi zvakafanana nekuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro sekuAmerica makori. Congress haina kumbobvumira urongwa uhwu kuti hushande.
Chati ye NAFTA Pros uye Cons
| Rondedzera | Pros | Cons | Kodzera? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trade | Kuwedzera | Ehe | |
| Mabasa | Yakasika mamiriyoni mashanu emabasa eSouth | 682 900 US manufacturing mabasa akarasika mune dzimwe nyika | Ehe |
| Mibairo | Avhareji yemari inowedzera | Kuramba kwemafekitari eSUS kwakaderedzwa mubairo | Ehe |
| Kuenda kune dzimwe nyika | VaMexico vasina basa vasina kukwanisa kupfuura muganhu zvisiri pamutemo | Aihwa | |
| Vashandi | Sangano reUnited States rakarasikirwa nehuwandu. Vashandi vokuMexico vakashandiswa | Aihwa | |
| Environment | Canada inoshandisa minda shale. Nyika yeMexico yakaderera | Aihwa | |
| Mafuta | US inodhura pasi | Kuvandudza hupfumi hweMexico | Ehe |
| Zvokudya | US inodhura pasi | Varimi vokuMexico vakabuda mune bhizinesi | Aihwa |
| Services | US inotumira mari nemari yehutano | Itai makampani eMexico kunze kwebhizimisi | Ehe |
| FDI | Kuwedzera | Hapana | Ehe |
| Hurumende Inoshandisa mari | Kurwisana kunowedzera kune zvibvumirano zvehurumende | Ehe |
NAFTA's Pros Outweigh Its Cons
Nharaunda dzeA NAFTA dzinokosha. Pane chimwe chinhu chinoruramisa kurasikirwa kwemakambani ese kuNew York kana kuMichigan, kushungurudzwa kwevashandi muUnited States kana mumapurogiramu maquiladora, uye kukuvadzwa kwezvakatipoteredza pamwe nemuganhu?
Asi kubva mune zvehupfumi, NAFTA iri kubudirira. Pasina iyo, United States yaisazove yakasimba mumakwikwi neEuropean Union kana China . Izvo zvinotambudza iye zvino kuti mbiri idzi dzekushanda dzinzvimbo dzakakwirira pamusoro peUnited States sehupfumi hukuru hwepasi pose .
Kuwedzera kwekutengeserana kwaidiwa zvikuru mushure mekutambudzika kwemari muna 2008 . Kunyange vanhu vakawanda vaizoshanda pasina NAFTA.
Zvichida NAFTA inofanira kunge yakagadzirirwa nekudzivirirwa kwakanaka. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana kusununguka ndizvo zvinodiwa kuUnited States paunokwikwidzana mune imwe nyika inowanikwa pasi rose.
Mukuderera: Dutu reTumpu raizova NAFTA | NAFTA Facts | NAFTA History | International Trade Pros uye Cons CAFTA | FTAA | GATT