Chii Chakauraya Simba reNyukireya muAmerica?
Chii chakaitika?
Chimiro cheTatu Mile Island chaive pedyo neHarrisburg, Pa.
Yaiva nemadzimai maviri emvura anopinza. TMI-1 yakatanga kushanda muna 1974 uye ichiri kushanda yakachengeteka. TMI-2 yakanga yakatsvaga apo njodzi yacho yakaitika.
Musi waMarch 28, 1979, dunhu rinotonhorera risina kushandiswa, zvichibvumira kuti chinotonhora chinotonhora chiwedzere. The reactor yakavhara pakarepo. Vheji yekusunungura yakazarura kwemaminitsi gumi. Izvozvo zvakabvumira kuporesa kwakakwana kutiza kuti kuderedze kunetseka uye kupisa. Asi yakaramba yakamira munzvimbo yakazaruka. Somugumisiro, zvose zvakasununguka zvakasunungurwa. Ikoko kwakanga kusina chiridzwa chingave chakachenesa vanjiniya kuti izvi zvakaitika.
Iko kutsvaira kwakapinda mumatangi, asi vanjiniya zvino vakafunga kuti pane zvakawanda. Vakaderedza kupera. Yacho yakasara yakanyanyisa yakachinja. Mafuta emafuta anoputika, kusvibisa chipfeko chekudzivirira. Yakabudisa mashoko e-radioactive muchirwere ichi. Apo iyo steam yakasunungurwa, tsvina yakasvibiswa yakabudiswa munzvimbo dzakapoteredza.
Nenzira yakanaka, mari yakabudiswa yakanga isina kukwana kukuvadza zvokudya zvekudya, mhuka, kana vanhu.
ITI-2 reactor yakavharwa. Zvakatora makore gumi uye zvinodhura madhora 973 mamiriyoni kuti azvidzivirire kusvika kumazinga mashoma emagetsi. Kwakanga kune 10,6 megalitres e-radioactive coolant iyo yakagadziridzwa, yakachengetwa, uye yakachengetedzwa yakachengeteka.
Inenge zana zana ematokisi emagetsi anokanganisa yakaiswa mu 342 kanisitiri. Vakatumirwa kuenda kuIdaho National Laboratory uye kuchengetwa mabhodhoro emakrete.
Three Mile Island Nhasi
Maererano neWorld Nuclear Association, hapana hutano hwehutano hwakawanikwa hwakawanikwa. Pane:
- Dhipatimendi reMutano wePennsylvania rakatevera hutano hwevanhu 30 000 vaigara mumakiromita mashanu kubva kuTatu Mile Island. Yakabviswa mushure memakore gumi nemasere apo pasina uchapupu hwehutano husina kunaka huratidzwa.
- Dare reDare reUnited States reHarrisburg rakarambidza mhosva yechikoro chemakore 17 muna June 1996. Mutongi Sylvia Rambo akati kwakanga kusina uchapupu hwokuti vatsigiri vevaya vanopomerwa mhosva yehutano vakanganise kubva pangozi. Chikumbiro chiri pamberi peStatu Dunhu reDare reKutsvaga.
- Zvimwe zvidzidzo gumi nemaviri zvakaongororwa kusunungurwa kwemhepo uye maitiro anokwanisa. Hapana akawana utano husina kunaka huripo.
Kune rumwe rutivi, zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvinotaura kuti pane kuora. Vanoti hurumende haisi kutendeseka zvakakwana. Semuyenzaniso:
- Three Mile Island: The People's Testament , bhuku rinobva pavanokurukura nevanhu 250, rinoti vanhu vazhinji vanotaura zvirwere zvaienderana nekusvibiswa kwemafuta enyukireya. Rimwe bhuku, The People of Three Mile Island , rakanyora zvinyorwa zvakafanana.
- Ongororo yemunharaunda yevakagari mazana mana munharaunda iyi yakawana kufa kwekenza mapfumbamwe pakati pe1980 ne1984. Iko kanopfuura kanomwe kupfuura pamusoro pemazuva ose.
- Mazana emhosva dzakagadziriswa kunze kwedare. Mamiriyoni emadhora akabhadhara vabereki vevana vakaberekwa vane zviremara zvekuberekwa munzvimbo.
Nokuda kwemimwe mienzaniso, ona Kutanga Zvakazarurirwa Pamusoro peTatu Mile Island Nuclear Disaster.
Economic Impact
Kuvakwa kwemiti yenyukireya matsva kwakagadzirirwa kwemakumi matatu emakore mushure mekuitika kwechiitiko. Nhasi, pane makumi mapfumbamwe makumi matatu nemasere ese anoshandiswa mazuva ano, achipa 20 muzana yemagetsi enyika, Dhipatimendi reMagetsi rinotsigira zvimwe zvigadziri zvenyu semugadziro ekuderedza US kuvimba nemamwe mairi uye kutema kupisa kwemafuta emhepo.
Muna 2007, makambani zvakare akatanga kushanda kuU.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission kuti avake michero mitsva.
Kubvira ipapo, zvishanu zvakatanga kuvaka, uye mamwe makambani 12 anotarisa mazviri. Zvinotora makore anenge mapfumbamwe kuti zviitwe zvose, kusanganisira makore mana ekuvakwa. (Kubva: "Kuvaka Matsva Emagetsi eNyukliya ," NEI.org )
Dhipatimendi reMagetsi rakabvunza Japan kuti vabatsire pakugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemasimba enyukireya matsva. Japan ine ruzivo rwakawanda mukufambisa, zvakakurumidza zvinoita kuti zvigadzire zviduku zvinoshandiswa mumhepo kana zvichibudisa simba. Aimbova US Energy Secretary Samuel Bodman akabvuma kuti Japan ine masayendisiti akanakisisa uye injinjini dzemarudzi matsva emagetsi. (Kubva: US Idhipatimendi reMagetsi, United States-Usangano hwekuJapan pamusoro peKachengetedza Kwemagetsi, "Environment News Service, US uye Japan Chiratidzo Chekushandira Nenyuchi Yemagetsi eNyukliya, January 10, 2007)
Kuenzanisa nedzimwe Njodzi
Dambudziko rezvemari redambudziko reTatu Mile Island harina nzvimbo iri pedyo nemari yezvimwe zviitiko zvinokonzera masimba enyukireya. Nyukireya yeJapan yakanyunguduka inogona kutenga madhora mazana maviri emadhora mabhiriyoni. Dambudziko renyukireya reChernobyl rakabhadhara mazana emabhiriyoni emadhora.
MuUnited States, dutu guru Katrina raiva dambudziko rinodhura zvikuru kuUnited States. Inodhura pakati pe $ 125 biliyoni kusvika ku $ 250 biliyoni. Yakakanda GDP kukura kusvika ku3 muzana mu 4th quarter 2005. Yakabata 19 muzana yemafuta ekuUnited States uye zvishoma zvishoma zvinokonzerwa nebhasi kusvika ku $ 5 negoroni.