NASA Budget, Mari Yemazuva Ano, uye Nhoroondo

Iko $ 1 Kutaura paNASA Kunowedzera $ 10 kuEconomy

Nhare ye National Aeronautic Space Administration yeFY 2019 inodarika $ 19,5 biliyoni . Icho chakakwirira kudarika mabheji emakore apfuura. Ichagamuchira mamwe madhora mazana mana emadhora kubva kuwedzerwa mari.

Hurumende yeUnited States inopa mari yeNASA kushandisa federal mari kubva pamari, mari, nemamwe mitero. Iyo Trump inotarisira zvirongwa zvekuwedzera mari nekukurudzira hukama hwehupfumi-hwepamwe. Iyi bhajeti inoita kuti mabhizimisi vabatane nehurumende pane nzvimbo dzekuisa nzvimbo, nzvimbo yakadzika-kuongorora, uye madiki mapoka evanhu.

Semuenzaniso, pane chirongwa che $ 150 mamiriyoni ekukurudzira hupfumi hwehupfumi hweHurumende-pasi.

SpaceX, Orbital ATK, uye Sierra Nevada vanobatanidzwa mukugadzira zvigadziriswa kuvhavha. SpaceX neBoeing varikudziridza crew capsules kuti vafambise astronauts kuenda kunzvimbo yekuchengetedza nzvimbo muna 2018. Axiom Space muHouston iri kushanda pane yekutanga nzvimbo yekutengeserana nzvimbo.

NASA inotora basa rakawedzerwa mukutsvaga mararamiro matsva emagetsi. Yakawanda yezvikamu zvayo zvitsva zvine mauto uye mabhizinesi ekushanda. NASA inobhadhara X-ndege yepamusoro uye inowedzera hypersonics kutsvakurudza mari. Ichavandudzawo zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza mafambiro emhepo uye kusimbisa kushandiswa kwekuchengetedzwa kwekodzero.

Trump inoda kudzorera $ 10,5 mabhiriyoni kune vanhu vanodzoka kumwedzi. Ichashanda senheyo yekutumwa kwevanhu ku Mars uye nzvimbo yakadzika. Chinangwa chekutanga ndechekuita basa risina kumiswa muna 2020. Vanhu vachabvongodza mwedzi muna 2023.

NASA ichaendesawo robotic missions kumwedzi wepamusoro, uye ichagadzirisa nzvimbo yegore inotanga muna 2022. Sangano renzvimbo richashandisa robots kushanyira Mars muna 2020, uye kubhururuka neJupiter's moon Europa.

NASA inoshandisa iyo satellite satellite. Ichishanda pamwe nekukura kweUnited States kushandiswa kwebasa rekushambadzira.

Dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika yeSayenzi bhajeti iri kuderedzwa ne $ 102 mamiriyoni. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvikwereti zvekutsvakurudza uye Deep Space Climate Observatory satellite.

NASA ichapedza $ 3.7 mabhiriyoni kuti iwedzere kusimbisa Space Launch System, rocket-lift-rocket. Inogona kutakura midzi midzi kune mwedzi, Mars uye nzvimbo yakadzika.

NASA inopfuurira chirongwa chekugadzirisa Hubble Space Telescope yakwegura neya James Webb Space Telescope. Inotanga kubva kuFrench Guiana pakati paMarch naJune 2019.

Kubhadhara mari itsva iyi, NASA ichagumisa $ 1.5 biriyoni zvingotsigira International Space Station muna 2025. Sangano rekudenga rakashandisa $ 100 mabhiriyoni kubva iyo yakatanga muna 1998. Chivako chakapedzwa muna 2011. Chinozobvisawo Dhipatimendi reChikoro , vachiponesa $ 89 mamiriyoni. Ichagumisa misangano shanu inodzidza pasi uye nemigumisiro yemagasi anopisa.

Chikonzero nei Dhora rega roga raita paNASA Rinowedzera $ 10 kuEconomy

Mushumo weApace Foundation wakarongedza kuti mabasa akanangana nenzvimbo akapiwa $ 180 mabhiriyoni kuhupfumi muna 2005. Inopfuura 60 muzana yeiyi yakabva pane zvekutengeserana nemabasa zvakagadzirwa nemakambani akanangana nekambani yekombiyuta. Inzvimbo yezvematongerwe enyika inobatanidza zvekutengesa nzvimbo zvigadzirwa nemashandi

Inosanganisirawo hutengesi hwezvokutengeserana uye masangano ekutsigira. Mukuwedzera, inosanganisira hurumende yehurumende yeUnited States kunze kweNASA. Heano mienzaniso masere.

1. Department of Defense
2. National Reconnaissance Office
3. National Oceanic uye Atmospheric Administration
4. Dhipatimendi reMagetsi
5. Federal Aviation Administration
6. National Science Foundation
7. Federal Communications Commission
8. United States Geological Survey

Nzvimbo yezvematongerwe enyika inoverengerawo inotora bhajeti yepamusoro mumakambani ari oga.

Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti mari imwe neimwe yeNASA kushandiswa inobatsira $ 10 yemari inobatsira. NASA iri mune imwe nzvimbo yakasiyana-siyana yekupa humwe hunyanzvi hwehutano hunoita kuti hupfumi huvepo. NASA tsvakurudzo yakatungamirira kune zvakawanda zvezvinhu uye zvese zvatinotora zvisingabvumirwi zuva rimwe nerimwe. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutengesa uye kutaurirana.

Izvozvo zvakabvumira mishonga yeATM, iyo inopa pakarepo magetsi kupindura kuburikidza nesataneti. Inobvumirawo GPS, iyo yakagadzirwa neMweya Wekushandisa mauto ehondo. Dzimwe mishonga yakagadzirirwa kuongorora nzvimbo iko zvino inoshandiswa kuwedzera zvibereko zvezvirimwa kana kutsvaga nzvimbo dzakanaka dzokuredza.

Chidzidzo che 2002 chakaitwa naPurofesa HR Hertzfeld weGeorge Washington University yakaratidza imwe nzira NASA inobatsira hupfumi. Hertzfeld akacherechedza kukosha kwakakosha kune makambani anoshanda neNASA pamakambani ayo ekutsvakurudza. Aya makambani anokwanisa kutengeserana zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa uye zvinotengesa. Makambani gumi nemashanu akadzidza akawana $ 1.5 mabhiriyoni muzvikwereti kubva muNASA R & D inowanikwa $ 64 mamiriyoni.

Mabhizimisi mashomanana haana kugamuchira mari yakawanda nokuti vakanga vasina kukwanisa kutengesa teknolojia kuburikidza nemwero mukuru. Chidzidzo chacho chinogumisa kuti NASA inogona kusimbisa hupfumi hukuru kuburikidza nekuenderera ukama nekambani dzavanoshanda nadzo. NASA inogona kubatsirawo kuzarura mamwe magedhi emari uye ekutengeserana kwekambani idzi.

Izvo zvikomborero zvinowira pasi muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kubvira muna 1976, NASA yakagadzira 1 400 zvivako izvo zvakazotevera zvikava michina kana mabasa. Izvi zvinosanganisira makemikari dialysis makemikari, CAT scanners uye kunyange zvokudya zvakasungwa-zvakaomeswa.

Enzanisa Budget yeNASA kune Mimwe Dhipatimendi

Nezvose zvinodaro, NASA inogamuchira chete 0,4 muzana ye $ 4.407 trillion FY 2019 bhadharo yehurumende. Enzanisa izvozvi kuDhipatimendi reZviviri . Mari yaro iri $ 597 mabhiriyoni, kana 13 muzana yehuwandu. Mari yeDDD yaizobhadhara matare 30 eNASA.

NASA inogamuchirawo zvishomanana kupfuura chero ipi zvayo mamwe madhigiri matanhatu.

• Utano neHuman Services - $ 69.5 bhiriyoni.
• Veterans Administration - $ 83.1 mabhiriyoni.
• Dzidzo - $ 59.9 mabhiriyoni.
• Homeland Security - $ 46.0 mabhiriyoni
• Dzimba uye Kubudirira Kwemaguta - $ 29.2 mabhiriyoni.
• Dhipatimendi rehurumende - $ 28.3 mabhiriyoni.

Budget History Kubva FY 1998

Bato reNASA rinoramba richikura nokuti rakakurumbira. Muna FY 2017, Congress yakarongedza zvakapfuura zvinopfuura Mutungamiri Obama. Budha yeNASA yakaderedzwa munguva yematambudziko emari muna 2008 uye panguva yekutsvaga mari. Pasinei nekukura uku, hurumende yehurumende yakashandisa zvishomanana kuNASA kubvira pakutanga kwayo kudarika yakashandisa pamusangano wekubhadhara kubhengi 2008.

• FY 2018 - $ 20.7 biliyoni. Mutungamiri Trump vakakumbira $ 19.1 mabhiriyoni.
• FY 2017 - $ 19.2 mabhiriyoni. Mutungamiri Obama vakakumbira $ 18.3 mabhiriyoni.
• FY 2016 - $ 19.3 mabhiriyoni. Obama akakumbira $ 18.5 mabhiriyoni. Congress yakapiwa zvimwe.
• FY 2015 - $ 18.0 billion.
• FY 2014 - $ 17.6 mabhiriyoni.
• FY 2013 - $ 16.9 biliyoni. Obama akakumbira $ 17.7 mabhiriyoni. Mipurogiramu yose yakatemwa kuti iite maererano nekutsvaga.
• FY 2012 - $ 17.8 mabhiriyoni akapiwa neCongress. Mutungamiri Obama vakakumbira $ 18.7 mabhiriyoni.
• FY 2011 - $ 18.4 mabhiriyoni. Obama akakumbira $ 19 mabhiriyoni.
• FY 2010 - $ 18.7 biliyoni.
• FY 2009 - $ 18.8 mabhiriyoni. Bhiriyoni imwe yakabva kuARA. Mutungamiri Bush vakakumbira $ 17.6 mabhiriyoni.
• FY 2008 - $ 17.1 mabhiriyoni. Bush yakakumbira $ 17.3 mabhiriyoni. Congress inogadzira mapurogiramu ekupindura matambudziko emari.
• FY 2007 - $ 16.2 mabhiriyoni. Bush yakakumbira $ 16.8 mabhiriyoni.
• FY 2006 - $ 16.3 mabhiriyoni
• FY 2005 - $ 16.1 mabhiriyoni.
• FY 2004 - $ 15.4 mabhiriyoni
• FY 2003 - $ 15.3 mabhiriyoni.
• FY 2002 - $ 14.8 mabhiriyoni.
• FY 2001 - $ 14.3 mabhiriyoni.
• FY 2000 - $ 13.6 mabhiriyoni.
• FY 1999 - $ 13.7 biliyoni.
• FY 1998 - $ 13.6 mabhiriyoni.