Tinoda NATO Iye zvino Kupfuura kare
IUnited States inopa zvikamu zvitatu zvechina chebato reNATO. Pakati pemushandirapamwe wegore ra2016 , Donald Trump akati dzimwe nhengo dzeNATO dzinofanira kupa zvakawanda. Trump zvakare akapomera mhosva yekushanda.
Akakakavadzana kuti inonyanya kusimbisa kuEurope kurwisana neRussia panzvimbo yekurwisana nehugandanga.
Muna 2017, Trump akadzosa nzvimbo yake. Akabvuma "kusaziva zvakawanda pamusoro peNATO" panguva yemushandirapamwe.
Chinangwa
Basa reNATO nderokudzivirira rusununguko rwemitezo yaro. Somuenzaniso, musi waJuly 8, 2016, NATO yakazivisa kuti yaizotumira mauto 4 000 kuBaltic states uye kumabvazuva kwePoland. Ichawedzera mhepo uye gungwa mapurisa kusvika kumhenderekedzo yekumabvazuva kwayo shure kwekurwisa kweRussia kuUkraine .
Zvirongwa zvaro zvinosanganisira zvombo zvekuparadza kukuru, ugandanga, uye cyber. Musi waNovember 16, 2015, NATO yakapindura kune kurwisa kwemagandanga muParis. Yakadana kubatana kwakabatana neEuropean Union, France, uye NATO. Ndiyokuti France haina kukumbira Chikamu cheNATO 5. Izvozvo zvingava chirevo chepamutemo chehondo pamusoro peboka reIslamic boka. France yakasarudza kutanga mhirizhonga pamhepo. Chikamu chechipiri chinotaura, "chikwata chinoputika pane imwe ...
ichaonekwa sekurwisa kwevose. "
Nenguva chete NATO yakagadzirisa Chitsauko 5 chaive shure kwekutambudzwa kwevapanduki 9/11 . Yakapindura kubvunzwa kweUnited States kuti ibatsirwe muHondo muAfghanistan . Yakatora mutungamiri kubva munaAgasti 2003 kusvikira munaDecember 2014. Pakukwirira kwayo, yakatumira mauto 130 000. Muna 2015, yakapedza basa rayo rokurwisana uye yakatanga kutsigira mauto eAfghan.
Kudzivirirwa kweNATO hakurevi kuhondo dzevagari vemunharaunda kana kupinza mukati. Musi waJuly 15, 2016, mauto eTurkey aakazivisa kuti akanga atora kutonga kwehurumende mumubatanidzwa. Asi mutungamiri weTurkey Recep Erdogan akazivisa kutanga musi waJuly 16 kuti kubvumirana kwakakundikana. Sezvo ari nhengo yeNATO, Turkey inogamuchira vatsigiri vayo sangano pakurwisa. Asi kana zvikaitika, nyika haingabatanidzi rubatsiro.
Chinangwa chechipiri cheNATO ndechekudzivirira kugadzikana kwenharaunda yacho. Muzviitiko izvozvo, zvinodzivirira kwete vamiririri. Musi waAugust 28, 2014, NATO yakashuma iyo yakanga ine mapeji anoratidza kuti Russia yakapinda muUkraine. Kunyange zvazvo Ukraine isiri nhengo, yakashanda naNATO mumakore. Kurwisana kweRussia kweUkraine kwakatyisidzira nhengo dzeNATO dziri pedyo. Vakanga vachinetseka nedzimwe nyika dzekare dzeStart satellite dzaizotevera.
Somugumisiro, gungano reNATO raSeptember 2014 rinotaura nezvekutsvaga kweRussia. Mutungamiri Putin akapikira kuti aite "New Russia" kunze kwekuUkraine kumabvazuva. Maererano neThe Wall Street Journal nyaya, "US Vows NATO Kudzivirira kweBaltics," yakabudiswa munaSeptember 4, 2014, iU.S. yakavimbisa kuita zvakasiyana. Mutungamiri Obama akapikira kutsigira nyika dzakadai seLatvia, Lithuania, neEstonia.
NATO pachayo inobvuma kuti "Kuchengetedza Rugare kwakave kwakaoma zvakaoma sekuita rugare." Somugumisiro, NATO iri kusimbisa masangano munyika yose.
Munguva yekudyidzana kwepasi rose, runyararo rwetranslantic rwakava basa rekuita pasi rose. Inowedzera kupfuura simba rehondo rinenge riri roga.
Nhengo dzeNyika
NATO nhengo 28 dzinoti: Albania, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland , Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom, uye United States.
Nhengo imwe neimwe inosarudza nhume kuNATO. Vanopa mahofisi kuti vashumire pamakomiti eNATO. Vanotumira hurumende yakakodzera kukurukura bhizinesi reNATO. Icho chinosanganisira purezidhendi wenyika, gurukota rezvematongerwo enyika, mutungamiri wenyika dzenyika kana kuti mukuru webazi rekudzivirira.
Musi waDecember 1, 2015, NATO yakatanga kufambira mberi kwayo kubva muna 2009. Yakapa uhu hweMontenegro.
Russia yakapindura nokutumira kushandiswa kunotyisa kugadzirisa kwayo nyika. Zvinonetseka nenhamba yeBalkan nyika pamwe nemuganhu wayo wakabatana neNATO.
Kubatana
NATO inobatanidzwa muzvibatano zvitatu. Izvo zvinowedzera simba razvo kupfuura yenyika makumi maviri nemakumi mana. IEuro-Atlantic Partnership Council inobatsira mashamwari kuva nhengo dzeNATO. Inosanganisira 23 nyika dzisiri dzeNATO dzinotsigira chinangwa cheNATO. Yakatanga muna 1991.
Dare reMediterranean rinotsvaka kugadzikana kuMiddle East. Zvaro zvisiri nhengo dzeNATO dzinosanganisira Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Mauritania, Morocco, uye Tunisia. Yakatanga muna 1994.
Istanbul Cooperation Initiative inoshanda nerunyararo munzvimbo dzakawanda dzeMiddle East. Inosanganisira nhengo ina dzeGulf Cooperation Council . Ndivo Bahrain, Kuwaiti, Qatar, uye United Arab Emirates. Yakatanga muna 2004.
NATO inobatana nedzimwe nyika zvisere mumasangano ekuchengetedzana pamwe chete. Kune zvishanu kuAsia. NdiAustralia, Japan , Republic of Korea, Mongolia, neNew Zealand. Kune maviri kuMiddle East: Afghanistan nePakistan.
Nhoroondo
Nhengo dzekutsvaga dzeNATO dzakasaina North Atlantic Treaty musi waApril 4, 1949. Chinangwa chikuru cheNATO chakanga chiri chokudzivirira nyika dzenhengo dzichirwisa mauto munyika dzezvematongerwo enyika. IUnited States yaidawo kuchengetedza kuvapo muEurope. Yakatsvaga kudzivisa kudzoka kwehutsinye hwemarudzi uye kukurudzira kubatana kwezvematongerwo enyika. Nenzira iyi, NATO yakaita kuti European Union inakwanise.
NATO uye Cold War
Munguva yeCold War, basa reNATO rakawedzerwa kuti ridzivirire hondo yenyukireya. Mushure mekuWest West Germany yakabatana neNATO, nyika dzechikominisi dzakagadzira Warsaw Pact kubatana. Izvozvo zvaisanganisira USSR, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Poland, Czechoslovakia uye East Germany . Mukupindura, NATO yakagamuchira "Massive Retaliation" mutemo. Yakapikira kushandisa zvombo zvenyukireya kana Pact ichirwisa. NATO's deterrence policy yakabvumira Europe kuisa pfungwa pahupfumi hwehupfumi. Icho chakanga chisingafaniri kuvaka mazana ehondo yakawanda.
Soviet Union yakaramba ichivakira mauto ayo. Pakuguma kweCold War, yakanga iri kushandisa katatu izvo United States yaiva nechetatu chete simba rezvemari. Apo Rusvingo rweBerlin rwakagumburwa muna 1989, rwakanga rwakakonzerwa nehupfumi pamwe nezvikonzero zvepfungwa.
Mushure mokunge USSR yakapedzwa kuma1980 apera, ukama hwaNATO neRussia hwakagadziriswa. Muna 1997, vakasainira NATO-Russia Founding Act kuti iwirirane kubatana. Muna 2002, vakagadzira NATO-Russia Council kuti vabatsirane panyaya dzekuchengetedza nyaya.
Kuparara kweU.S.R kwakaita kuti kusagadzikana kwakarekare satellite kunotaura. NATO yakabatanidzwa apo hondo yevagari veYugoslavia yakava kuparadza. Kutsigira kwekutanga kweNATO kweSangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzepasi Pose kunokonzera kushandiswa kwenzvimbo isina kumhanya. Kuita zvechisimba kwakabva kwasvika kune madiki echechikoni kusvikira munaSeptember 1999. Ndiyo apo NATO yakaita mapurisa emakore mapfumbamwe apera hondo. Pakazosvika December wegore iroro, NATO yakashandisa simba rekuchengetedza rugare rwema 60,000 masoja. Izvozvo zvakaguma muna 2004 apo NATO yakaendesa basa iri kuEuropean Union.