3 Zvikonzero nei WTO Uhu Hwakakosha Zvikuru
Kune 164 nhengo dzeWorld Trade Organization . Ndiyo 84 muzana yenyika 196 munyika. Vakabatana kuti vanakidzwe nezvikomborero zvekutengeserana kwenyika dzakawanda dzakapiwa neWTO.
WTO Nhengo dzeZvibatsiro
IWTO inobatsira kutengeserana munyika yose inotenderera zvakanaka kuburikidza nezvibvumirano zvayo zvebhizimisi . Nhengo dzeWTO dzinoziva kuti mitemo ndeyei. Vanonzwisisa zvikwereti zvekuputsa mitemo. Vanoziva kutamba mutambo wekutengesa pasi rose.
Sezvo zvakadaro, inoita nzvimbo yakachengeteka yekutengeserana kwevanhu vose.
IWTO inopawo nhengo dzayo nenzira yakarurama yekugadzirisa kusawirirana kwebhizimisi. Havafanirwi kuita zvechisimba kana hondo. Maitiro eWTO anogadzirisa matambudziko ekutengeserana anokosha. Inodzivisa kuchengetedzwa kwebhizimisi, chiito chinotadzisa kukura kwezvemari.
IWTO inobvunzurudza hutano hwakagadziriswa huri pakati pevanhu vayo. Nhaurirano yayo yakakurumbira yekutaurirana yakaitika muBali. Chibvumirano chakakura chingave chiri Doha Round of Trade Talks . Yakakundikana nokuti United States neEurope vakanga vasingadi kuderedza mari yekurima.
Nhengo dzinoderedzawo mari yekuita bhizinesi nekubvisa kusagadzikana . Izvi zvinowanzobatsira kune nhengo dzose.
Zvinhu zvitatu zvinobatsira
IWTO inopa zvitatu zvakanakira kune nhengo dzayo dzose. Izvo zvikomborero zvakanakira zvinoita kuti zvikomborero zvakataurwa zvinotaurwa kare.
Kutanga, IWTO inopa nhengo imwe neimwe Yakafarirwa Nerudzi Rwenyika , izvo zvinoreva kuti nhengo dzeWTO dzinofanira kutarisana zvakafanana.
Havana kupa sarudzo inobatsira kune imwe nhengo imwe chete pasina kupa kune vose.
Chechipiri, nhengo dzeWTO dzine zvipingamupinyi zvishoma zvekutengesana. Izvo zvinosanganisira kutengesa , kutumira zvinyorwa, uye mitemo. Nzira dzepasi pekutengeserana dzinobvumira nhengo dzimba huru pamisika yezvinhu zvavo. Misika huru inotungamirira kukutengesa kukuru, mamwe mabasa, uye kukurumidza kuwedzera kwehupfumi.
Chechitatu, kwakapoteredza chikamu zviviri kubva kune zvitatu zveMDC inyika dziri kusimukira . Nhengo yavo inovapa kubvumirana nekukurumidza kumakambani akavakwa pamutengo wepasi. Izvi zvinovapa nguva yekuwana zvikwata zvakanyanyisa uye makambani avo akakura. Havafaniri kubvisa mitero yemitengo mumisika yavo kusvikira gare gare. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti nyika dzichiri kusimukira hazvifaniri kuzarura misika dzavo kuti dzikudzvinyirira kupikisana.
Makumi makumi matatu namatanhatu eWTO nhengo dzinorongwa sevechidiki-dzakasimudzirwa kana maLDCs. Sangano reUnited Nations rinopa ruzivo kune nyika dzakaderera mari dzine zvipingamupinyi zvakasimba pakusimudza hupfumi hwehupfumi. IU uye mamwe masangano anovapa rubatsiro rwakawedzerwa mukurudziro nekutengeserana.
Mabasa
Nhengo yeWTO inouya nemabasa. Nhengo dzinobvumirana kuti dzidzivise matanho ekutengeserana uye dzigare nechisarudzo cheWTO chepikano chero ipi zvayo. Izvo zvinodzivisa kudzorera kutsigira hondo yehondo. Izvi zvinowedzera zvigadzirwa zvemabhizimisi anobatsira nyika imwe neimwe munguva pfupi asi inokuvadza nyika inoshambadzira munguva refu. Iko rudzi rwekudzivirirwa kwezvokutengeserana, chaizvoizvo, kwakanyanya kuipa Kukuru Kwekudarika kwegore ra1929 . Sokutengeserana kwenyika yose kwakaderera, nyika dzakatsvaga kudzivirira mishonga yeminda. Vakamisa zvipingamupinyi zvemabhizimisi.
Izvi zvakasimbisa kuderera. Somugumisiro, kushambadzira kwenyika kunopera ne25 muzana.
WTO Nhengo nhengo
IWTO ine nhengo 76 dzinotanga. Vakatanga sangano musi waJanuary 1, 1995.
Asia ine nhengo dzeLDC nhanhatu. Ivo vari Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, uye Nepal. Nhengo dzaro dzheyo dzinonzi Bahrain, Bangladesh, Brunei, Hong Kong, India , Indonesia, Japan , Korea, Kuwaiti, Macao, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, uye Thailand.
Dzimwe nhengo dzaro ndiArmenia, China, Georgia, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Maldives, Mongolia, Oman, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Russia , Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taipei, Tajikistan, Turkey , Viet Nam, uye Yemen.
Africa ine nhengo dzakawanda dzinosarudzwa sedzakasimbiswa. Zimbabwe, Central Africa Republic, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe , Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, uye Uganda.
Nhengo dzayo dzakagadzirwa ndiCote d'Ivoire, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Senegal, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, uye Uganda.
Dzimwe nhengo dzaro ndiBotswana, Cameroon, Congo Republic, Egypt, Gabon, Ghana, Niger, Seychelles, Tunisia, Zambia, uye Zimbabwe.
IEurope ndiyo inotanga nhengo dzeWTO zvikuru. Austria, Belgium, France, Germany , Greece, Hungary, Iceland , Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sweden, uye United Kingdom. Mukuwedzera, European Union inhengo inotanga.
Dzimwe nhengo dzacho dziri Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Lichtenstein, Lithuania, Makedhoniya, Moldova, Montenegro, Poland, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, neUkraine.
Central neNorth America mune rimwe chete LDC nhengo: Haiti. Nhengo dzaro dzakatangwa ndiAntigua naBarbuda, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Costa Rica, Dominica, Honduras, Mexico , Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent uye Grenadines, uye United States.
Dzimwe nhengo dzayo dziri Cape Verde, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Saint Kitts neNevis, uye Trinidad neTobago.
Oceana ine nyika mbiri dzeLDC: Solomon Islands neVanuatu. Nhengo yaro yekutanga ndiyo Australia. Mamwe matatu nhengo dzeFiji, New Zealand, uye Tonga.
South America haina nhengo dzeMDC. Nhengo dzaro dzinotanga ndiArgentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, uye Venezuela. Dzimwe nhengo dzayo ndeBolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, uye Suriname.
Inofanirwa neWTO Members
IWTO ine chikamu chinonzi Observer . Iyi nyika 20 dzakashandura kuva nhengo. Kunze kweVatican, vane makore mashanu kupedza chirongwa chacho. Izvo nyika inowanikwa sei nhengo yeWTO inotarisirwa nehurumende yayo yekukwanisa kutaurirana nhanho-nhanhatu.
Vaya vanotarisira nhengo dzeAlgeria, Andorra, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Belarus, Bhutan, Bosnia neHerzegovina, Comoros, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Iran, Irak, Libanoni, Libya, Sao Tome uye Principe, Serbia, Sudan, Syria, Uzbekistan, uye Vatican.
Nyika dziri kunze kweWTO
Nyika gumi nembiri haisi nhengo uye hadzina kushanda kuti ive nhengo. Ivo Eritrea, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Monaco, Nauru, North Korea, Palau, San Marino, Somalia, South Sudan, Turkmenistan, uye Tuvalu.