Tevera Murairo Kuti Unzwisise Chikonzero Chakatadza
Dow inotanga kusati kwatanga kutengesa kwepamusoro musi waOctober 9, 2007, yakavhara kusvika 14 164.43. Mwedzi inopfuura 18 gare gare, yakanga yakadarika zvinopfuura 50 muzana kusvika 6,594.44 musi waMarch 5, 2009.
Iyo yakanga isiri iyo yepamusoro peresenti inopera munhoroondo. Panguva yekuderera kukuru , misika yepamusoro yakaderera 90 muzana. Asi izvozvo zvakatora makore matatu. Chii chakakonzera kuparara uku? Tevera mhanho iri pasi apa kuti unzwisise chaizvo kuti zvakaitika sei.
2007
Dow yakazarura gore pa12,459.54. Yakasimuka pasinei nekuwedzera kunetseka pamusoro pekukwereka kwemakamuri emisha. Musi waNovember 17, 2006, Dhipatimendi reMabhizimisi rakanyevera kuti mvumo yeKubvumbi itsva yemusha yaiva 28 muzana yakaderera kupfuura gore rakapfuura. Asi vakuru vakuru vehurumende havana kufunga kuti kupera kweimba kunogona kuchinja hupfumi hwose. Kutaura zvazviri, vakanunurwa kuti misika yepamusoro yemapurisa yakaonekwa seye kudzokera kune yakajairika.
Asi semitengo yemusha yakawa, yakakonzera subprime mortgage defaults. Nenguva yaAugust 2007, Federal Reserve yakaziva kuti mabhengi akanga asina kuwanika kwakakwana kuita basa. Nhepfenyuro yakatanga kuwedzera kuwedzera kwekutenga nekutenga mabhengi 'subprime mortgages.
Muna Gumiguru, vamwe vezvematongerwo enyika vakanyevera pamusoro pekushandiswa kwakapararira kwezvikwereti zvezvikwereti uye zvimwe zvakagadzirwa . Pakupera kweNovember, Munyori wenyika yeHarare Paul Hank Paulson akatanga bhadha-funded Superfund kuti atenge chikwereti chakashata.
Sezvo gore rakaswedera pedyo, Bureau re Economic Analysis rakarongedza kuwedzera kwaro kuwedzera.
Icho chikati chikafu chinoshandiswa munyika yacho chakawedzera 0.5 muzana muchetatu chetatu. Yakawandisa yakatarisa ichiti yakange yanyura 0.5 muzana. Zvaiita sokuti hupfumi hweUnited States hwaigona kukanganisa dzimba dzekugadzikana uye mabhangi 'kusvibiswa kwemari. Dow yakapedzisa gore zvishoma zvishoma kubva munaOctober kumusoro, pa13 264.82.
2008
Pakupera kwaJanuary, BEA yakarongedza chikamu chechina cheGDP kukura kwayo . Yakati kuwedzera kwaingova 0.6 muzana chete. Hurumende yakarasikirwa nemabasa 17 000, yekutanga kubva muna 2004. Dow yakabvisa nyaya yacho uye yakasvibiswa pakati pe12,000 ne13,000 kusvika muna March.
Musi waMarch 17, Federal Reserve yakapindira kuchengetedza kubhadhara mari yeBeet Stearns yekusakundikana, kuurayiwa kwokutanga kwe subprime mortgage crisis . Dow yakadonha kusvika pasi pezuva re11,650.44 asi yakaita seyakagadziriswa. Muzvokwadi, vazhinji vakafunga kuti Bear Stearns kununura kunoderedza vatengesi. Vakatarisira kuti kupindira kwaizodzivirira marheni ebere . Pakazosvika May, Dow yakasimuka kupfuura 13,000. Zvaiita sokuti zvakaipa zvakapera.
Muna July 2008, subprime mortgage crisis yakavhiringidza hurumende dzakabhadharwa nehurumende Fannie Mae naFreddie Mac . Vaida hurumende yekubhadhara . Dhipatimendi reMariki yakachengetedza madhora mabhiriyoni maviri emadhora avo uye vakatenga zvikamu zveFannie uye Freddie's stock.
IFHA yakavimbisa $ 300 mabhiriyoni muzvikwereti zvitsva. Dow yakawa, ikavhara pa 10 962.54 musi waJuly 15. Yakasimuka uye yakaramba iri pamusoro pe11 000 kwezororo rose.
Svondo 2008
Mwedzi wacho wakatanga nemashoko akaoma. Musi weMuvhuro, Svondo 15, 2008, Lehman Brothers vakataura kubhadhara. Dow yakakanda mapeji 504.48.
Musi weChipiri, Svondo 16, Fed yakazivisa kuti yakanga iri kubhadhara inshuwarheni guru AIG . Yakagadzira $ 85 biliyoni "chikwereti" mukudzoka kwe 79.9% muhutano, nekunyatsotora kutora. AIG yakanga isisina mari. Zvakanga zvichitsvaga kubhadhara chikwereti chinonzi swaps chakanga chapa kurwisana nezvino-kukanganisa chikwereti chekuchengetedza mari.
Musi weChitatu, Svondo 17, mari yemari yemari yakarasika $ 144 mabhiriyoni. Ndiyo mabhizinesi akawanda anoponesa mari yavo yeusiku. Makambani akanga achinetseka, achishandura kunyange kunyatsochengeterwa mari yeHaigari.
Vakaita izvi nokuti Libor mari yakanga yakakwirira. Mabhangi akanga aita kuti vanhu vawedzere mari nokuti vaitya kupa chikwereti kune mumwe nomumwe. Dow yakawa 449.36 mapeji.
Musi weChina, musi waSeptember 18, misika yakagadziridza mazana mana. Vashandi vanoziva nezvekugara kwebhangi bhailout package.
Musi weChishanu, September 19, Dow yakapedza vhiki iri pa11,388.44. Yakanga iri zvishoma pasi peMugovera wayo wakazaruka we 11,416.37. IFed yakasimbisa Asset-Backed Commercial Paper Money Market Mutual Fund Liquidity Facility. Yakabhadhara $ 122.8 mabhiriyoni kumabhengi kutenga mabhizimusi ekutengeserana kubva pamari yemari yemari . Chiziviso cheFed chakasimbisa kuti misika yemarikiti yaive yakanyanyiswa uye yakavhunduka.
Musi woMugovera, Svondo 20, Munyori Paulson uye Federal Federal chair Ben Bernanke vakatumira bhandi bhailout Bill kuCongress. Dow yakagadzika kusvika 11 000 kusvika musi waSeptember 29, apo Senate yakashora pamusoro pebhadharo yebhailout. Dow yakawira 777.68 nheyo, iyo inowanikwa mune rimwe zuva rimwe chete munhoroondo. Misika yepasi pose yakavhundukawo, zvakare:
- MSCI World Index yakaderera 6 muzana rimwe zuva, kunyanya kubva pakasikwa kwayo muna 1970.
- Ibovespa yeBrazil yakagadziriswa mushure mekuderedza 10 muzana.
- ILondon FTSE yakaderera 15 muzana.
- Ndarama yakasimudzwa kusvika kudarika $ 900 imwe chete.
- Oiri inodonhedwa kusvika ku $ 95 pari.
Kuti kugadzirisa kugadzikana kwezvemari, Fed yakawedzera mari yayo ye swaps nemamwe mabhizimusi makuru kunze kweEurope, England, uye Japan kusvika ku $ 620 mabhiriyoni. Ihurumende dzenyika dzakamanikidzwa kuti dzipe zvose zvinotengeswa pamisika yekodhi yakawanda.
Gumiguru 2008
Congress yakazopedza mari yebhailout kutanga kwegore raOctober, asi kukanganisa kwakanga kwatoitwa. Dhipatimendi rebasa rakashuma kuti hupfumi hwakanga husisina kubhadhara mabasa 159 000 mumwedzi wapfuura. Musi weMuvhuro, Gumiguru 6, Dow yakadonha mazana 800, ichivhara pasi pe10 000 kwekutanga kubva muna 2004.
IFed yakaedza kusimudzira mabhengi nekukwereta $ 540 mabhiriyoni kumari yemari yemari. Mari yacho yaida mari kuti iwane kusununguka kwekuregererwa. Kubva munaAugust, zvinodarika madhora mazana mashanu emadhora mabhiriyoni zvakanga zvabviswa pamisika yemari.
JPMorgan Chase akagadzirisa Sangano reFed's Money Market Investor Facility. Yakatenga kusvika madhora mazana matanhatu emadhora mabhiriyoni ezvinyorwa zvebhadha, mabhizinesi, uye pepanhau rebhizimisi raizouya nekuda kwemazuva 90. Mari inosvika $ 60 mabhiriyoni yakauya kubva mumari yemari ivo pachavo. Asi ivo vaitengawo pepanhau rebhizimisi kubva kuMMIFF.
Izvo zvakaderedza zvakaderedza kudyidzana kwemari yehuwandu kusvika kune 1 muzana chete . Asi bhangi yeRibor iyo inokweretesa yakawanda yakasimudza kusvika kune yakakwirira ye 3.46 muzana . Izvo Zvakabatanidzwa zvakarongedza nyika yose yebhangi bhailout.
Dow yakapindura nekuderera 13 muzana mumwedzi wose. Pakupera kwaOctober, BEA yakabudisa mamwe mashoko anonyadzisa. Upfumi hwakanga hwakabvumirana ne3,3 muzana mugore rechitatu. Rudzi rwacho rwakanga ruri muhupfumi.
November 2008
Mwedzi wacho wakatanga nemamwe mashoko akaipa. Dhipatimendi reBabatari rakashuma kuti hupfumi hwakarasikirwa nemabasa 240 000 muna October. Bhuku reAIG rekubhadharira rakakura kusvika $ 150 mabhiriyoni. Nhepfenyuro yakaratidza kuti yakanga iri kushandisa chikamu chemadhora mabhiriyoni mazana manomwe emadhora ekutenga mabhizinesi aidiwa mumabhanga emarudzi. Vakuru vatatu va automakers vakakumbira bhailout federal . Pakazosvika musi waNovember 20, 2008, Dow yakange yadzika kusvika 7,552.29, iyo yakaderera. Asi kukanganisa kwemusika wekutsvaga kwekutsvaga kwe 2008 kwakanga kusati kwapera.
December 2008
Dhaka yakadonha mari yakadyidzana yakawanda kusvika kune zero, iyo yakaderera pane imwe nhoroondo munhoroondo. Dow yakapedzisa gore pane 8,776.39 inorwara, pasi inenge 34 muzana yegore.
2009
Mukudengenyeka kwekutarisira, Dow yakakwira kusvika 9,034.69 musi waJanuary 2, 2009. Vatengesi vakatenda kuti hurumende itsva Obama inogona kutarisana nedambudziko rezvematongerwo enyika neboka rake revatariri vezvemari . Asi nhau dzakaipa dzezvepfumi dzakapfuurira. Dow yakawisira kusvika pasi payo 6,594.44 musi waMarch 5, 2009.
Nokukurumidza pashure pacho, maitiro ehupfumi eAmerica eAmerica akaita kuti chivimbo chidikanwe chigadzirise kutyisa. Musi waJuly 24, 2009, Dow yakazosvika kumusoro yakakwirira. Yakapfigwa pa 9,093.24, ichirova yayo yaJanuary yakakwirira. Kune vakawanda, kukanganisa kwemusika wekutsvaga kwegore ra2008 kwapera.
Aftermath
Vatengesi vaitakura marwadzo emanzwiro kubva pakuparara kwemakore mana akatevera. Musi waJune 1, 2012, vakavhunduka pamusoro pevarombo veMay jobs report uye eurokone chikwereti chinetso. Dow yakadonha 275 points, uye iyo yemakore gumi yakatarwa yeHarare yemichero yakaderera kusvika 1.443 panguva yekutengeserana kwemazuva. Iyi ndiyo yaiva yepasi yakaderera mumakore anopfuura 200. Yakaratidza kuti kuvimba kwakaputika muna 2008 kwakanga kusina kudzokera kuWall Street.
Muna 2013, misika yemabhizimisi yakagadziriswa zvakare. Mumwedzi mitanhatu yekutanga, yakawana mamwe maonero kupfuura gore rose pakanyorwa. Nhamba dzemabhizimisi dzakasimuka zvakakurumidza kupinda mari, zvichigadzira bluetooth assets . Dow yakaisa marekodhi anopfuura mazana maviri ekuvhara kusvika munaFebruary 2018. Kutya kwekutsvaga kwezvibereko uye yepamusoro yemari yekutora zvakatumira Dow mukugadziriswa. Kufanana nedzimwe dzakawanda dzakapfuura misika yepamusika , haina kuendesa kune imwe nyika.