Stock Market Inoparadza, Corrections, uye Dipipi muNhoroondo
Kuparara kwepfungwa huru uye kuwandisa kwemazana muzuva rimwe kana maviri zvekutengesa. Iyo inoratidzirwa neyo inotyisa. Kushandiswa kwekambani yekutengeswa kunowedzera kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma ne10 muzana kubva kumavhiki makumi maviri nemaviri.
Apo mitengo inowira 20 muzana, inova misika yebhebhe .
Nhoroondo
Iko ichangopfuura-kuparara inofananidzwa sei nedzimwe kuderera, kuvhara, uye kuparara? Heino kuongorora kwekuderera kwepamusoro kubva muna 1929.
Kuparara kwemusika wekutengeswa kwema1929 kwakabvisa kuDambudziko Rokuputsika . Kwemazuva mana, kugoverana kwemitengo kwakawira 25 muzana. Yakatanga musi waOctober 24, 1929 iyo yava kunzi Black Black. Nhamba yemabhosi yakawa 11 muzana. Izvozvi zvakapora zvakare sa 12.9 mamiriyoni emiganhu yematengesi akatengeswa. Ichi chaive katatu chiyero chechigarire. Kugoverwa musi weChishanu kwaiita sechinhu chakanaka. Asi mutengesi wakadonha imwe 13 kubva muMusi weMusi wekutanga. Izvi zvakaitika pasinei nekuedza kwebhengi kwekumisa kutya. Zuva rakatevera, Chipiri Chishanu, mutengesi wakawa imwe yezana nezana. Kurasikirwa kwekutenda muWall Street kwakabatsira kubvisa Kukura Kwekukuru. Dow haina kudzoka zvakare kusvika pakusika 23 Novemba 1954.
Black Monday , kuparara kwa1979 , kwakaitika musi wa1919 1987.
Dow yakadonha 20.4 kubva muzana iyo ndiyo yakakura-yezuva rimwe muzana yekurasikirwa mumatengo ematengesi ematengesi. Zvakatora makore maviri misika isati yadzokera kumazinga asati aparara. Kuparara kwakatevera chikamu chemazana makumi mashanu kubva pakutanga kwegore iroro.
Zvinhu zvitatu zvakakonzera. Kutanga, vatengesi vane hanya nezvekurwisa-kutora mitemo inofamba neCongress.
Chechipiri, vatengesi vemamwe marudzi vakatanga kutengesa apo munyori weHarare akadudzira kuti angaita kuti kukosha kwedhora kuwire. Chechitatu, hurongwa hwekutengesa huwandu hwaiwedzera huri kurasikirwa. Aggressive Federal Reserve mhirizhonga yemari yakavhara kukanganisa kuderedza kukonzera mari.
Dambudziko rezvemari reAsia rakaitika musi waOctober 27, 1997. Dow yakadonha 554.26 nhepfenyuro zvichienderana nekuderera kwe6% muHong Kong's Hang Seng index. Vashandi vaitaura nezvekuwedzerwa kwemari muAsia yose. Russia yakatevera devalued mari yayo uye yakashata pazvisungo zvayo. Kuwira mumusika wekutengesa kwakabatsira kubvisa dambudziko re Long-Term Capital Management .
Dhizinesi-com yakaitika muNASDAQ kutanga muna March 2000. Indaneti yakagadziriswa yepamusoro ye 5,048.62 musi waMarch 10, 2000. Musi waApril 3, yakawa ye7,6 muzana, kana 349.15 pfungwa. Yakawira 7.1 muzana musi waApril 12, 9.7 muzana musi waApril 14, uye 7.2 muzana musi waApril 18. Yaivawo nekuderera kukuru musi waMay 30 (7.9 muzana), Gumiguru 13 (7.9 muzana), uye Gumiguru 19 (7.8 muzana). Kuparara kwakaipisisa kwegore kwaiva musi waDecember 5, apo yakawa 10,5 muzana. Musi waDecember 20, yakaramba 7.1 muzana. INASDAQ yakapedzisa gore pa2 470.52, kurasikirwa ne 51.1 muzana yehuwandu hwayo kubva pakakwirira kwayo.
Ita-dot-com crash yakakonzerwa nevashambadzi vakagadzira bhuru mukutengeswa kwema-stocks. Vaifunga kuti makambani ese tech aive akavimbiswa nevanoita mari. Havana kuziva kuti michina yekambani yekambani yakakonzerwa neY2K inotyisa. Makambani akatenga matsva emakombiyuta kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti software yavo inonzwisisa musiyano pakati pe2000 ne1900. Kare mumazuva iwayo, mapoka maviri emasikati chete aidiwa uye kwete avo mana aidiwa kusiyanisa mazana maviri emakore. Bhuku, Irrational Exuberance , rakave rakakurumbira nokuti rakatsanangura mafungiro ezvemombe akaumba chikwata chebhinzi tech muna 2000.
Mushure mekunge 9/11 kurwiswa , misika yakavhara kwemazuva mana.Pakadzorerwa zvakare musi waSeptember 17, 2001, Dow yakawira 685 points. Yaiva ye7 muzana inopera. Upfumi hwakanga hwakapinda mugore re2001 muna March.
Zvinotyisa zvehondo zvakachengetedza Dow pasi kusvika 2002.
Kuparara kwemusika kwegore ra2008 kwakatanga neDow's 777.68-kumweka kwehokwe musi waSeptember 29, 2008. Panguva iyoyo, ndiyo yaiva nheyo huru kudonha munhoroondo yeNew York Stock Exchange. Yakawa kubva 11 143.13 kusvika 10.365.45, 7% inoderera. Vatengesi vakavhunduka apo Senate yakasarudza kupikisana nebhailout Bill . Pasina hurumende kupindira, mamwe mabhengi aizotevera Lehman Brothers kuti vapedzisire. Dow yakarashika zvinopfuura 50 muzana yehuwandu hwayo pakati peyaka2007 nepamusoro payo muna March 2008,
Dow yakawira 680 mapeji musi waDecember 1, 2008 . Yaiva doro re 8%, kubva 8 829.04 kusvika 8,149.09. Vashandi vakataura neNational Bureau ye Economic Economic report iyo inoti hupfumi hwakatanga mwedzi gumi nemaviri apfuura.
Chimwe chikafu chakaitika chakaitwa musi waMay 6, 2010. Penguva yekutengeswa kwemazuva, Dow yakadzika mapfumbamwe 998 mumaminitsi mashomanana, 9 pfuti inodonha. Kushanda kwekodzero kwakaitika apo zvirongwa zvakawanda zvekutengesa zvakavharwa pasina chikonzero chakajeka. Kuparara kwave kuchiratidzwa kuti kunetseka kupi kwemashamba kune makombiyuta. Vatsoropodzi vakapa mhosva kuparara pamusana pekutya kwekutenda kwechikwereti chechiGiriki .
Musi waAugust 24, 2015 , Dow yakawira 1,089 pamba pakutengesa kutanga. Yakanga iri kupera kwe6,6 muzana. Nhamba yacho yakaguma zuva iri pasi 588 points. Vatengesi vakavhunduka apo mitengo yemafuta yakanyura pasi pe $ 40 nebarundi. Vakanga vachitya kuti zvinhu zvakaderera zvakadai zvingaderedza mari yekambani inotengesa mafuta.
MunaFebruary 2018, Dow yakabvisa 2,270.96 mapeji mumazuva matatu ekutengeserana. Musi waFebruary 5, yakarasika mapurisa 1,175.21 pakuguma kwezuva, iyo huru yenhotera yekurasika munhau . Yakanga yakaderera 1 600 mukutengeserana kwemazuva. Vakawanda vaifunga kuti yaiva mapurogiramu emakombiyuta anotamba amok. Bloomberg waSara Ponczek akanyora kuti "... zvakarongeka zvakagadzirwa nechando, zvichitora Dow kubva pasi inenge mazana manomwe kubva pasi kusvika pakadarika 1 600. Yakakurumidza kudzoka." Pasinei nezvose izvi, chaiva ne8,5 kubva muzana kuderera, kwete kuparara kwakanyanya.
Dow akadzorera mazuva maviri akatevera, asi akazadza 1,032.89 nhepfenyuro musi waFebruary 8. Pakupera kwezuva, Dow yakanga yakadzika pasi pe10,4 kubva pamabhuku ayo kusvika 26616.71 musi waJanuary 26, 2018. Sezvo zvakatora anenge mavhiki maviri kuti awire, hazvisi kuparara zvachose. Asi, sezvo iri 10 muzana pasi pepamusoro, iri kururamisa. Vashandi vanogunun'una pamusoro pemigumisiro yekukwira kwezvibereko zvehupfumi muhupfumi uye pachikwereti chenyika.