Iyo Inoshusha Sei Mari yeUnited States
Maererano neHerald Deposit Insurance Corporation , avo vakwereta vave vachitsvaga, vanokanganisa, kana kuti vane zvikwereti zvishoma zvemari uye / kana kuti mari shoma. Kunyanya, vakave vachinyadzisa pamubhadharo wavo nemaviri kana kupfuura makumi matatu emasikati ekudarika kwemakore mugore rapfuura.
Mukwereti aifanira kunyora-kuvhara kana kunyora-pasi pasi chikwereti, kana pane kutongwa kwavari mumakore maviri apfuura. Ivo vanodzvinyirirwa kana vakanganisa mumakore mashanu apfuura. Vanotora chikwereti vanowanzove vane zvikwereti zviduku zvishoma, zvakadai seFICO ye660 kana pasi. Mari yavo yegore negore inodarika hafu yegore rega rega mutungamiri mukuru wekutora chikwereti pachikwereti.
Mari yechikwereti yakadaro ine njodzi yakakwirira yekusagadzikana kupfuura zvikwereti kune vanotora chikwereti. Mabhanki, saka, anotora mari yakakwirira kuti avabatsire nokuda kwengozi yakawedzerwa. Vanogona kunge vane chikwata chapamusoro chekuda, mari yakavhara yekuvhara, kana kuti vanoda mari yakawanda yekubhadhara.
Mari yechikwereti chakakosha inofanira kuendeswa kune FDC kana chikamu chayo chemapurogiramu gore negore kana APR inopfuura makumi matatu kubva muzana mapeji makuru kupfuura chibereko pane imwechete yeHurumende yezvisungo. Inofanirawo kuzivikanwa kana mari yekuvhara inopfuura 8 muzana yemutengo wemari.
Mhando dzeSpriprime Loans
Kukwezva vanotora chikwereti, mabanho akapa zvikwereti zvose zvisingatengeswi pakutanga, asi akawana purofiti gare gare.
Vazhinji vaiva nechepasi "teaser" yemari yegore rokutanga kana maviri. Vazhinji vakwereta havana kuziva kuti chiyero chakasimuka zvinoshamisa shure kweizvozvo. Vamwe vaifunga kuti vaigona kutengesa imba kana kugadzirisa zvisati zvaitika. Izvozvo zvinonzi zvikwereti zvisiri zvikwereti zvakanga zvisina kunyengera. Asi ava vakawana vasina ruzivo kana vanokwereta vasina maturo mumatambudziko.
Heano mienzaniso yevakakurumbira zvikuru:
Chikwereti-chikwereti chete chinongova nyore kutenga nekuti hachidi kuti mumwe wevakuru atange kubhadhara kwemakore akawanda emakore ekukwereta. Vazhinji vanokwereta vanofunga kuti vachagadzirisa kana kutengesa imba yavo, mutungamiri asati atanga kubhadharwa. Izvozvo zvine ngozi nokuti ndiyo apo mutero wemwedzi wega wega unowedzera. Kazhinji havagoni kutenga mari yakakwirira. Kana kukosha kwemadonzvo emisha, zvino havakwanisi kukwanisa kugadziriswa. Havagoni kutengesa imba kana. Muchiitiko ichi, ivo vanomanikidzirwa kutadza nokuti havagone kuita mari yakakwirira.
Sarudzo inogadziriswa chirwere chekutora chikwereti chakabvumirwa nevateresi kusarudza mari yakawanda yekubhadhara mwedzi mumwe nomumwe. Zvisinei, mubhadharo muduku waireva zororo rakawedzerwa kune mukuru wako. Mushure memakore mashanu, sarudzo yacho inonyangarika uye chikwereti chakanga chiri chikuru kudarika pakutanga.
Zvikwereti zvisingabatsiri zvekubhadhara zvikwereti zvakanga zvakaita sezvikwereti-chete chikwereti, asi chakaipa. Ndizvo nokuti havana kumbobhadhara mukuru. Kutaura zvazviri, mari yekubhadhara yaiva yakaderera zvikuru zvokuti mwedzi woga woga, chikwereti chacho chakakura zvikuru sezvo chakawedzerwa kumukuru. Mune mamwe mazwi, mukuru wechikoro akawedzera mwedzi mumwe nomumwe.
Ultra-long fixed fixed rate loan yakaderedza makore makumi mana kana makumi mashanu, panzvimbo yemakore makumi matatu emakore.
Balloon zvikwereti zvakabvumira pasi pamwedzi kubhadhara, asi vaida kubhadhara kukuru mushure memakore mashanu kusvika manomwe kuti vabhadhara chikwereti chose.
Kwete-mari-pasi iyo chikwereti chakaita kuti akwereta atore chikwereti chekubhadhara pasi.
Economic Impact
Zvinyorwa zvepa mortgage zvaive chimwe chezvikonzero zve subprime mortgage crisis . Mari yeHedge yakawana kuti vaigona kuita mari yakawanda kutenga nekutengesa zvikwereti zvekubhadhara mari. Izvo izvi zvakagadzirwa zvinoenderana nekukosha kwezvikwereti zvekwereti. Vakave vakakurumbira apo vatengesi vakatanga kutengesa mari yepa subprime mari neyepamusoro-soro inowanzogadziriswa mari.
Vafambisi vebazi vakaisa zvimedu muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinonzi saga. Vanoisa mari yose yakaderera kubva kumakore matatu ekutanga e-subprime mortgages pamwe nemari yakaderera-kubhadhara mari yechikwereti.
Iko mari yepamusoro yakabhadharwa yakaiswa muchetura yakaonekwa seine ngozi, nokuti yakanga yakawanda. Kuti iende kumusoro, iyo yakatengesa inshuwarisi kune chero zvisiri izvo, zvinonzi credit default swaps .
Kuzivikanwa kwekuchengetwa kwemari kunotengeswa kwakagadzirirwa kuti vatengesi vehedge vadire zvakanyanya uye zvekare zvikwereti zvekubhadhara zvaidiwa. Mabhanki akasika izvi zvikwereti zvekare zvekutsvaga kuwana mabhizinesi akawanda. Vakatengesa zvikwereti uye vakazvitengesa kune vatengesi vemari.
Zvose zvakafamba zvakanaka kusvikira matengo eimba akatanga kuwira muna 2006. Izvi zvakanga zvisingamboitiki muhupenyu hweUnited States. Zvisinei, zvakaitika nguva yakafanana nevakakwereta vakawanda vakawana chido chavo chekuda kuputika mugore rechitatu kusvika kunechishanu remusana wekutengesa.
Sezvo imba yavo yakanga isingakoshi pasi pekutenga chikwereti, havana kukwanisa kugadzirisa kana kutengesa imba. Apo vakatanga kutadza, vatenzi vemari yekuchengetedza mari-yakabhadhara vakawana zviwanikwa zvavo zvakanga zvisina kukosha zvavakabhadhara. Apo vakaedza kutora inshuwarisi yavo, mutapi, AIG, akangoita mari . Izvi zvakakonzera kutambudzika kwemari muna 2008 uye Great Recession .