Bhuku renyika, Chinangwa Chayo, Nhoroondo, uye Nhamba

Bhizinesi Rinozvidzora Nyika Yose?

Bhizinesi reNyika isangano renyika dzakawanda rinobatsira nyika inotengeserana mabhizimusi kuderedza urombo. Haisi bhangi mumutauro wekare wezwi. Pane kudaro, inoumbwa nemasangano maviri ekufambisa. Imwe ndiyo International Bank yekuvakazve nekuvandudza. Yechipiri ndiyo International Development Association. Bhizinesi 189 nhengo dzenyika dzinogovana ugove.

Bhizinesi rinoshanda pamwe nemamwe masangano matatu:

1. The International Finance Corporation
2. The Multilateral Guarantee Agency
3. The International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes.

Zvose zvishanu masangano anoumba World Bank Group.

Chinangwa uye Basa

Bhizinesi reNyika inopa chikwereti chine mari shoma, chikwereti chisina chikwereti uye zvipo. Inotarisa pakuvandudza dzidzo, hutano, uye zvivakoti. Inoshandisawo mari yekugadzirisa matongerwo emari emunyika , zvekurima, uye masimba ekuchengetedza.

Chinangwa cheBhangi ndecheku "kubvisa hupfumi pakati pevarombo nevepfumi nyika." Inoita izvi kuburikidza nekushandura "zvigadzirwa zvepfuma munyika yevarombo munyika kukura." Iine chinangwa chenguva refu "yekuwana hupenyu husingaperi huri kupera."

Kuzadzisa chinangwa ichi, Bhangi inotarisa munzvimbo nhanhatu:

1. Kukurira urombo kuburikidza nekusimudzira kukura, kunyanya muAfrica.
2. Batsira kuvakazve nyika inotanga kubva kuhondo, chinonyanya kukonzera urombo hwakanyanya.
3. Ipa sarudzo yakagadzirirwa kubatsira nyika dzepakati pekugara dzichiri muurombo.

1. Kushora hurumende kudzivirira kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze. Inobatsira kudzora zvirwere zvinotapukira, kunyanya HIV / AIDS, uye malaria. Inotarisirawo matambudziko emarudzi enyika uye inokurudzira kushandiswa kwemahara .
2. Shanda neArabic League pane zvinangwa zvitatu. Vanofanira kuvandudza dzidzo, kuvaka zvivakoti, nekupa zvikwereti zvidiki kumabhizimisi maduku .

1. Igovana ruzivo rwayo nenyika dzichiri kusimukira. Ratidza ruzivo rwavo kuburikidza nemishumo uye inoshandiswa mukati memain online.

Musoro weBan World

Jim Yong Kim, MD, Ph.D. , ndiye mutungamiri wenyika yeBanki. Asati asarudzwa muna 2012, Dr. Kim aiva purezidhendi weDartmouth College. Anotsigira kuti hutano huve nani hunoita basa rake rose. Anotungamirirwa nedhipatimendi paHarvard Medical School uye Brigham nevakadzikadzi Hospital muBoston. Akabatana nevatsigiri vasiri vatsigiri muHutano. Inopa hutano huno kune varombo pamakondinendi mana.

Dr. Kim anorondedzera kune 25-nhengo yeChishanu yeVatungamiri vakuru. Iko inonyanya kukopa nyika ndeyoFrance, Germany , Japan , United Kingdom , uye United States.

Mutungamiri weUnited States akasarudza Mutungamiri weBato reHurumende kubvira pakusikwa kwayo. Izvo ndezvokuti inayo 16 muzana yemabhangi emabhangi, zvichiita kuti ive chikwereti chikuru. Ichi chibvumirano chisingabvumirano nevamwe vekuEurope nhengo dzebato iri kusika kupesana. Nhengo dzakawanda dzinong'un'una kuti Bhizinesi inomiririra zvinodiwa nenyika yakagadzirwa, uye kwete nyika dzine urombo inobatsira.

Bhangi ine vashandi vanopfuura 10 000 vanobva munyika dzinopfuura 160. Dhiviri yezvitatu inoshanda kuWashington, DC.

Zvimwe zvacho zviri mumahofisi emazana zana munyika inosimudzira.

Robert Zoellick aiva mutungamiri kubva muna 2007 kusvikira muna 2012. Zoellick akatanga kutanga kushanda kuMutungamiri Ronald Reagan's Treasury Secretary , James Baker. Zoellick akabata mahofisi makuru muFannie Mae kubva muna 1993 kusvika muna 1997 uye eHofisi yeZvibvumirano yeBurumende kubva muna 2001 kusvika muna 2005. Kubvira ipapo, akaenda kuDhipatimendi reHurumende muna 2005 kusvika muna 2006 uyezve kuGoldman Sachs kubva muna 2006 kusvika muna 2007.

Nhamba uye Nhoroondo

Bhenyika Yenyika inopa pfuma yakawanda yekudzivirirwa dunhu renyika dzinopfuura 200. Muna 2010, Bhengi yakatanga imwe Open Data website. Inopa kusununguka kusununguka kune zvikwereti zvinokwana 298, kusanganisira:

• Kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, zvakatipoteredza uye simba.
• Utano, hwakadai sekutarisira hupenyu.
• Kugadzirwa kwemaguta uye zvivakovheni.
• Basa, mari, uye dzidzo.
• Hurumende, hurongwa hwehupfumi, uye chikwereti chakakosha .

• Kuwanda kwevanhu vanoita sehurombo, hutano, nekubudirira kwekubatsira.
• Bhizimisi, zvekurima, uye yemari.

Bhizinesi inoongorora nyaya dzekufambira mberi zvakadzika, kusanganisira Annual Development Report. Kutsvakurudza kwaro kunobvunzurudza kuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu enyika mune zvekutengeserana, mari inotenderera , uye mutengo wemari . Inotsanangura zvavanoita pane nyika dzichiri kusimukira. Bhizinesi rinobudisawo pasi World Development Indicators uye Global Development Finance. Inopa Little Data Book, Little Green Data Book, uye World Bank Atlas.

Nhoroondo

Bhuku re1944 Bretton Woods rakasimbisa Bhizinesi reNyika. Mari yaro yemari yakaita kuti nyika dzeEurope dzivakwezve pashure peHondo Yenyika II. Izvozvo zvakaita kuti ive nyika yekutanga yenyika yekufambisa.

Yakabhadharwa nekutengeswa kweNyika Bonds . Yaro chikwereti chekutanga chaiva kuFrance nedzimwe nyika dzeEurope. Muma1970, yakapa mari kuChile, Mexico , neIndia kuvaka zvivako zvemagetsi nemigwagwa. Pakazosvika 1975, zvikwereti zvaro zvakanga zvabatsira nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Zvaisanganisira kuronga mhuri, kuchenesa tsvina, uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Kubhadhara kweBhangi reNyika kwakava kukakavadzana. Nyika dzakawanda dzakashandisa zvikwereti zvayo kuti zvirege kudzivirira chikwereti chakashata. Chikwereti chavo chaive chikonzero chekuwedzera kudarika uye kubhadhara zvakakwana. Kunyangwe neRubatsiro rweBhangi Rwenyika, nyika dzakawanda dzakaratidza mari yavo. Izvozvo zvakakonzera hyperinflation .

Kuti varwise izvi, Bhengi yaida zviyero zvakasiyana . Nyika yacho yaifanira kubvumirana kuderedza kushandiswa nekushandisa mari yayo. Zvinosuruvarisa, izvi zvinowanzokonzera kuderedza, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakaoma kubhadhara chikwereti cheBhangi.