Age, Ademption, Abatement, uye Kufambira Mberi
Sekuru vakaudza Sally kuti aizomusiya $ 40,000 kukireji mukuda kwake. Iye zvino Ambuya vapera, uye muurayi anoudza Sally haatore mari ye $ 40 000 yaari kutarisira. Chii chakaitika?
Mikana ndeyokuti Sally's $ 40,000 inobvumirwa yakarwiswa, kwete neanouraya nyuchi, asi nemuurayi "A" ...
- Age
- Ademption
- Abatement
- Kufambira Mberi
Age
Zera rinogona kuva chipingamupinyi chokutora mukuru wekukodzera kana muwani asina kutora juris .
" Sui juris " ishoko rechiLatini rinoshandiswa pakutsanangurwa kwezvinoreva zvemutemo Sui juris zvinoreva, "mune kodzero dzavo," uye rinoreva kune vanowana ruzivo vanofarira kodzero dzakakwana pasi pomurairo uye kwete kugovana navo nemutariri. avo vasina kuwana makore akawanda (vane makore 18 muPennsylvania) havasi sui juris ; havagone kuita zvibvumirano kana kutamisa nyika.Sally kana ari pasi pemakore gumi nemasere, haazogashiri $ 40 000. Inogona kubhadharwa kudare- akagadzirirwa muchengeti kwaari.Pamwe iyo ichapa mvumo yekubhadhara chikwereti chemadhora makumi mana nemakumi mana kusvika kune chekuchengeterwa Sally pasi peUniform Transfer ku Minors Act . Uyezve, vanhu vakuru vasina kukodzera havatendi juris.Zvekare , muchengeti anogona kudiwa kuti agamuchire kudiwa kunotungamirirwa munhu asingakwanisi kubatsirwa.
Ademption
Izwi rokuti "adeem" rinoreva kubvisa. Nhaka iri mune chido inogamuchirwa kana nzvimbo iyo inenge ichitarirwa nenhaka isisipo. Ngatitii Sekuru vakasiya Sally bhazi rake IBM mukuda kwake.
Panguva yaakaita kuda, bhazi reBM raifanira kukwana $ 40,000. Mushure mokunge asayina chido chacho, Sekuru vakatengesa chikwata chekubhadhara mari yemari. Ipapo akazofa, asina kuchinja kuda kwake. Chii chinoitika? Izvo zvinoenderana.
Kana kukodzera kweBM stock kwaive kwakakosha, izvo zvinoreva kuti Baba vachataura, "Ndinosiya zvikamu zvangu zveBIM stock kusvika kuSally," saka Sally haawani chinhu.
Sekuru, nokutengesa chikwata, ari kukwanisa kubhadhara Sally.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kana Sekuru achangoti, "Ndinopa $ 40,000 yeBM stock yakakwana kuSally," izvi zvinonzi inhaka yakazara, kwete imwe chete. Chinangwa chake ndechokuti mutongi anotenga sengo kana iyo isiri yeimba yake. Sally ane kodzero yekugamuchira kana IBM stock yakatengwa nemutongi kana kuti iyo yakaenzana inokosha mumari.
Chii chakasiyana? Nhaka chaiyo kana kuti nhepfenyuro inosanganisira mazwi ehudziri kana chiziviso. Kushanda kwe "my IBM stock" kunoreva zvikamu zvakananga. A beest of "IBM stock" haiti. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinotendeukira pane zviduku "ini." Kana Baba vainge vakagadzira hutano hwakakwana hwehutengo, saka Sally haawani chinhu. Dai akange agadzira nhaka yakazara, Sally anowana $ 40,000.
Ko kana baba vake vakava vasina kukodzera vasati vafa, uye gweta rake-mu-chokwadi, achiita pasi pesimba regweta, akatengesa maBM stock? Zvadaro, Sally ane kodzero yekuwana kukosha kwakakosha kubva muimba; iyo nhaka haina kukwaniswa kunyange kana yaiva yakakodzera.
Iyi mitemo nekududzirwa zvakaoma zvikuru uye zvinokanganisa. Nezvikonzero zvakajeka, zvinowanzokonzera kutonga. Zvakaoma kuti Sally anzwisise kuti musiyano pakati pekuwana $ 40,000 uye kuwana zero inogona kunge iri izwi rokuti "yangu" mukuda kwekurukuru.
Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, icho chikonzero chakaipa kubva muzvikwata zvakasungirirwa, zvisungo kana mabhangi emabhangi kune munhu anobatsira. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti iwe uende kubva kune vako vanowana mari kana mari kana zvikamu kana zvikamu zvezana rako rose. Cash haitombogoni kubhadharwa sezvo inongova chikamu chekubata mari kwemunhu, uye imwe $ 50,000 chunk yayo haikwanisi kuonekwa kune imwe $ 50,000 chunk.
Abatement
Kubhadhara ndiko kuderedza kana kubviswa kwezvigaro zvekubhadhara chikwereti, mari yekutonga nemitero. Kubhadhara kwezvikwereti zvezvikwereti, mari yekutarisira kweimba, uye mitero yemarudzi ose inodiwa kubhadharwa vasati vapi vese vanowana mari kubva kuimba. Kazhinji, inoda kujekesa chikwereti kana mari inotakura mutoro wezvikwereti izvi. Kana kuda kwacho kusingapi, mutemo wehurumende unotarisa kuti kubhadhara kunobva kupi.
Kazhinji, izvi zvose zvinodhadharwa kubva kune zvakasara zveimba, iyo inowanzova chikamu chakanyanya chezvinhu zveimba. Kana zvakasara zvisingakwanisi, zvikwereti zvakakwana zvemari kana chivako kune avo vanobatsirwa vanoita - zvinoderedzwa nekubhadhara kwemari uye mitero.
Ngatitorei Sekuru vakasiya $ 40,000 kuna Sally uye zvakasara zveimba yake kuGeorge. Nhaka yake yose yaiva $ 100,000, asi iye neimba yake vaibhadhara chikwereti nemitero inosvika madhora 80 000. Mutongi asati anopa chikwereti nemitero, zvinoratidzika sokuti Sally anowana madhora makumi mana, uye George anowana madhora 60 000. Muurayi anotanga kushandisa masara ekubhadhara chikwereti nemitero. Zvose zvinokwana $ 60,000 zvingadai zvakaenda kuGeorge zvinotorwa nekuda kwezvikwereti izvi; iyo yose yakakosha yevakasara kuna George yakaderedzwa. Zvadaro, kuchine madhora makumi maviri nemakumi maviri emadhora uye mitero inokonzerwa. Iyo inobva kuSally's $ 40,000 inokodzera. Chikumbiro chayo chakakonzerwa kusvika kuma $ 20,000, uye iye achiri kugamuchira mari inosara $ 20,000.
Kufambira Mberi
Kufambira mberi kwakafanana nekufambira mberi kwamuripo. Kana mubereki akapa $ 10 000 kumwana mumwe uye kwete kune vamwe, $ 10 000 inofungidzirwa kuva "kufambira mberi" kune chikamu chemukati wemwana weimba chete kana ichiziviswa kuti chiri kufambira mberi mukunyora. Pano pane kuda, kuongorora kwakafanana kunoshanda. Kana Baba vakasiya $ 40,000 vachida Sally uye, vasati vafa anomupa $ 30,000 kuchikoro chekoroji, angangogamuchira $ 10 000 pasi pekuda. Iko $ 30,000 inotorwa sepamberi kana ichigona kuratidzirwa kuti ichi chaiva chinangwa chegogo. Iko kunotarisirwa kunofungidzirwa se "chikamu chinogutsa" nechipo choupenyu.
Kana mumwe munhu achiti vachakusiyai $ 40,000 uye vachakupai $ 30,000 sepamberi pechipo ichocho, ipapo chete $ 10 000 yakasara kubva pachibvumirano chokutanga. Kana Sekuru achitaura mukuda kwake kuti chipo chacho chakanga chisiri kana kufambira mberi, ipapo shoko rake ndiro rinotonga. Kana akanyarara pamusoro pezvipo zvakadaro, mumwe munhu anobatsirwa anogona kuziva nezvechipo uye kukumbira dare kuti riongorore chipo chehupenyu sekufambira mberi kana kugutsikana kwechikamu chekukodzera. Zvichida kana kwete iyo $ 40,000 inokwana yakaderedzwa ichabva pane izvo zvinogona kuratidzirwa kuva chinangwa chekurukuru.
Saka, heino shoko kune vakachenjera. Chimirira kusvikira iyo yekuchechechedza nhaka iri mumaoko ako usati waenda kune imwe nzvimbo yekutenga kana kutora zororo iroro.