Kusiyana nekutenda kwakakurumbira, mubereki haana kodzero yepamutemo yekutarisira nzvimbo yevana. Muduku "haatenderwi nemutemo," izvo zvinoreva kuti mwana muduku haagoni kuita zvibvumirano zvinomanikidzwa kana kuti zvimwe zvinopinda mumabasa ekutengeserana ari oga. Nguva yehuwandu munyika dzakawanda ndeye 18.
Minor Vana nePfuma
Vana vaduku vanouya nepfuma nenzira dzakasiyana. Vamwe vanowana mari inoshanda. Vamwe vanogamuchira zvipo kubva kuna vanasekuru navanamai uye dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri.
Vamwe vanogamuchira nhaka. Vamwe vanokuvadzwa uye vanoti vanopesana nevamwe.
Mari kana pfuma inogona kuiswa muzita remwana. Icho hachisi dambudziko; dambudziko nderokuti muduku wacho haagoni kuita chero chinhu nacho. Kubhadhara hakugone kuitwa. Kuchinja kwekutsvaga mari hakugone kuitwa. Mari haigone kushandiswa.
Legal Guardian
Nzira chete iyo kodzero yepamutemo inogona kuwanikwa kuti ishandise kana kutarisira zvinhu zviduku ndeyekugadzwa kwekambani kune muchengeti wemutemo . Iyi inzira inodhura uye yakaoma. Kuronga kwakanaka kuchadzivisa. Dare rinowanzogadza mubereki, asi kwete munyaya dzose. Mutongi akachengetwa mudare anofanirwa kuisa mhiko nguva dzose kumatare, kukumbira mvumo yekushandisa mukuru, uye ane simba risina simba rokugadzirisa kuti nzvimbo yacho inofanira kutarisirwa sei. Kunyange kana nzira yekutsvaga kusarudzwa kwemuchengeti wemutemo inotorwa, makore evanhu vakawanda muPennsylvania ane gumi nevasere (18), uye mwana ane simba rakazara pamusoro pezvinhu zvinosvika panguva iyoyo.
Zvimwe kune rimwe reMutemo Guardian
Sangano Rokufananidza Kuendesa Kuduku Kwemitemo (UTMA) chiito chakafanana chakanyorwa uye chakakurudzirwa neNational Conference of Commissioners paMitemo yeUnited States. Nyika yose, kunze kweSouth Carolina, yakagamuchira shanduro yeMutemo (South Carolina ine yekare Uniform Gifts kune Minors Act).
Pasi peUTMA mutongi anogona kuchengetedza pfuma kune muduku, kuisimudza, uye kuishandise kuti mwana wacho abatsirwe. Dare haritauri. Munhu wacho ari kutumira mari kune mazita mashoma anodzivirira. Muchengeti webasa akafanana nemutariri wevaduku. Pasi peimwe sangano 'shanduro yemutemo, iyo pfuma inogona kubatwa kusvikira wechidiki aine makore anopfuura 21 (makore matatu akareba kupfuura makore evanhu vakawanda).
Kushandisa UTMA kwakajeka sekutora mafasi zvakakodzera. Iwe haufaniri kuenda kune gweta. Hakuchina gwaro rakasiyana. Nhaka yacho inonzi: "Jane Doe seMuchengeti pasi peNew York (zita rehurumende yako) UTMA kuti ibatsirwe naJohn Jones." Muchengeti ndiye ndiye mubati wemutemo wepamutemo uye anogona kutarisana nenhaka. Mutemo unofadza zvikuru kuti ndezvipi mari zvinogona kuitwa kudai kushandiswa kwemari kusati kwaitwa kuti kugadzirisa chikwereti chekuchengetedza vana vake. Muduku ane kodzero yokugovera mari yacho kakawanda pazera remakore 21.
Kupararira kweChikwereti
IU Uniform Act inobvumira zvido, matariro uye zvinyorwa zvinobatsira kusanganisira kuregererwa kwekupararira kwezera kusvika kune makumi maviri. Ongorora nezano kuti uone kana nyika yako yakagadzirisa urongwa uhwu. Kuti ujekese zera gare gare kupfuura nguva yakashata, iwe unofanira kushandura mashoko ekunyora kwekuchengetedza mukuda, kuvimba kana kuti kubatsiridza fomu fomu kuAdheal Smith "sevadziviriri ve Minor Smith kusvikira makore 25 pasi pe [zita renyika yako] Uniform Transfers kuMutemo weChidiki. "
Iko kunonoka kwezera (25) zuva rokugoverwa hakuwaniki kune zvipo. Izvi zvinoshandiswa kugoverwa pazera remakore 21. Izvi zvakakosha kuitira kuti zvipo kumakero eUTMA kuvana vaduku kuti vakwanise kupinda mukati reRevenue Revenue Code ye $ 14,000 yegore roga roga nekuda kwezvipo zvezvinodiwa.
Kubatsira kweUTMA kwakawanda. Vabereki vanogona kuisa sarudzo kana mutual fund pasi peUTMA, uye ipapo vanasekuru navanasekuru navanamunini vanogona kupa zvipo kubhuku (kana kumubereki kuti aise muakaunti). Pamusoro pezvinokonzerwa nemitero yekubhadhara, zvinhu zviri muAtamende yeUTMA ndeyomuduku. Nhoroondo yacho inoshandisa nhamba yechidiki chekuchengeteka kwevanhu. Zvose zvinowana mari inoshushwa pamusoro pevana vaduku 1040 uye PA-40. Kuisa mari muchengeti-pasi, kuwedzera kwekutsvaga kwekutsvaga inzira inofadza yekushandisa mari idzi.
Mitero
Mitero yaizofanira kubhadharwa pamari ipi zvayo sezvo inowanikwa kana mari inopfuura kudarika kwechecheche yemwana pamwe nemamwe mashoma.
Mari inowanikwa pamusoro pekuderedzwa uku mari yevana vari pasi pemakore gumi nemasere inotererwa pamutero wevabereki. Mazuva ano kudzoka pamatanda kunorema zvakanyanya kune rumwe rutivi rwekukura; ndiko kuti, mutengo wega wega unowedzera, asi mari yezvikamu inoderera. Iko kuenzana kunobatsira michina isina kufungidzirwa kusvikira mutengo uchitengeswa.
UTMA inopawo chinhu chakakosha chekuita zvikwereti kuvana. Ambuya vanogona kusiya chido mune zvaanoda kuvana vazukuru vaduku, vachidana zita rekuchengetedza kuti vawane mari yavo kusvikira ava nemakore 21. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa uye ine mari yekuita chinangwa chegogo. Zvikwereti zvinofanirwa kunge zvine zvigadziro zvinopa kugadzwa kwevadziviriri chero nguva apo pane mukana wekuti kugoverwa kunogona kuitirwa kumwana muduku. Kana kuda kwacho kusina mvumo yekuita mutauro, kugoverwa kusvika ku $ 10 000 (nhamba iyi inopesana nehurumende) inogona kugadzirirwa kuchengetedzwa nemupambi, asi muurayi haagoni kushandisa UTMA nemari yakawanda pasina kutsvaga mvumo yematare kunze kwekubvumirwa mukuda.
Inishuwarenzi
Kana inishuwarenzi mitemo kana zvirongwa zvekurega basa zvinoreva vana vaduku sevanobhadhara kana vanobatsirana, vanofananidzira vanofanira kusanganisira kusarudzwa kwevadziviriri kugamuchira mari pasi peUTMA. Kana zvisina kudaro, muchengeti anogadzwa nematare achadiwa kuti awane mari kune wechidiki.