Dzidza Kuti Munhu Mumwe Chete Anotsvaga Mari Inobata Sei (IRAs) Basa

Paunomira kushanda, iwe uchiri kuda kubhadhara zvokudya, dzimba, nezvimwe zvinodhura, asi mari iyi inobva kupi kana iwe usingachagoni kushanda? Kune huwandu hunokwanisa huripo hwemari yekurega mari, kusanganisira Social Security inobatsira uye mari yepenjeni kubva kune yaimbova mushandirwi. Zvisinei, iwe unogonawo kuchengetedza mari iwe pachako uchishandisa zvikwereti zvako pachako kana chirongwa chinoshandiswa nevashandi se 401 (k) kana 403 (b).

IRA chii?

Imwe nhoroondo yekubvisa mari (IRA) iyo nhoroondo ine mitero yemitero inobatsira vanhu kuchengetedza mari yekubhadhara mari. Iyo inozivikanwawo somunhu akazvigadzirira basa rekurasikirwa, nhoroondo idzi dzinogona kubata kushandiswa kwemari yekuchengetedza mari kubva kune zvimwe zvinyorwa, kusanganisira zvipo izvo munhu anozviitira kuigwaro uye kuchengetwa kwaibva pakutanga kubva kumushandi wepamberi yekurasikirwa.

Mitauro yeIRAs

IRA isiri yeropa iyo inogona kutaridzika seimwe imwe nhoroondo. Asi mitero inoshandiswa inoita mabhizimisi ekurasikirwa akasiyana nedzimwe mhando dzeakaunti. Vadzidzisi vemitemo vakagadzira nhoroondo idzi kuti dzigadzirire kuchengetedza mari, naizvozvo kune zvingava zvakakosha kushandisa mapepa-uye kune zvipingamupinyi zvekuodza mwoyo pakutanga.

Kune marudzi maviri eIRAs, uye mitero inoshandiswa zvakasiyana pane imwe neimwe. Usati wasarudza rudzi rweIRA kuti rushandise kana kupa mupiro, kurukurai zvinangwa zvenyu uye mamiriro ako nemuteresi wemitero.

1. IRAs yemazuva ano inopa huwandu hwekubhadhara mitero: Inowanikwa uye munyaya yacho haibhadharwi gore roga roga sezvinenge iri mubhadhaji yebhangi yakawanda. Pane kudaro, iwe unogona kudzorera chero upi zvaunowana uye unobatsiridza kuwirirana munhoroondo . Iwe unogonawo kutora mitero inobhadharwa nenzira yekuderedzwa kwemari yaunopa muchero weIRA, uchikubvumira kuwedzera mari ye "pre-tax" kwenyaya. Zvisinei, iwe unogona kunge usina kukodzera kubhadhara zvichienderana nemari yako kana zvikomborero zvaunowana pabasa rako, saka iwe unogona kudiwa kuti uite mitero inotevera. Kana iwe ukatora mari kubva mubhuku rekuti (kuti uripedze mubasa rekurega basa, somuenzaniso), mari ipi zvayo isina kumbobhadharwa-chero ipi zvayo yakatora mitezo uye mibairo-inotorwa semari inowanikwa mugore raunotora kugovera.

1. Roth IRAs inopa kuwedzera kwemitero. Panzvimbo yekutora kubhadharwa kwezvipo, iwe uchagovera mushure mekubhadhara madhora kubhuku. Paunotora kugovera mukurasira, unogamuchira mari yese yemutero-pasina (uchifunga kuti unogutsa zvose zvinoda IRS). Mune mamwe mazwi, unowana zvipo zvako zvepakutanga uye chero ipi zvayo yaunowana musero-isina. Roth IRAs ine mimwe mitemo inoshandiswa, kusanganisira makore mashanu ekumirira nguva uye miganhu yekuwana iyo inogona kukudzivirira kuti urege kugovera. Izvozvo zvakati, iwe unogona kutora zvipo zvako kubva kunze kweRoth panguva ipi zvayo usina mutero kana chirango-asi iwe unogona kuva nemigumisiro yemitero kana ukabvisa mari kubva kubhuku.
2. Rollover IRAs ndeye tsika dzeIRAs dzinogamuchira mari kubva kune imwe kambani yekurega basa. Semuenzaniso, iwe unogona kubhadhara mutero usati watere 401 (k) pfuma muRROllover IRA. Munguva yakapfuura, iyo zvinhu zvingadai zvakachengetedzwa zvakasiyana, asi kubatanidza mari ikozvino inowanzo.
3. Mushandi anoronga seSePs uye SIMPLE zvakarewo maIRAs. Izvo zvine zvinhu zvinofanana nemadzitateguru eIRAs, asi mitemo yakasiyana nokuti yakagadzirirwa mabhizimisi maduku kana vanhu vanozvishanda. Mupiro wemiganhu yakakwirira, uye vamwe vashandi vangave vasina kudiwa kuti vatore kugovera kubva kuigwaro vachiri kushanda kumushandi.

Mitero Yemitero

Nhoroondo idzi dzinogona kukubatsira kuti uchengetedze mari yakawanda yekubvisa basa. Zvisinei, IRS inoteredza mitero inobhadhara mitero kuitira kuti US Treasury irambe ichiwana mari. Peji ino inopa mhedziso yekutangira, asi haisi iyo yakakwana mitemo. Kune nguva dzose zvinetso uye zvinyorwa-nyore-zvisiri nyore, uye nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakanakisisa dzinogona kukubvumira kubvumirana nemutemo kune imwe yemitemo. Kushanyira neunyanzvi hwemitero kuti uwane mazano ega ega ekuti ungachengetedza sei mari yako.

Mupiro wemiganhu: IRS inogadzirisa chikamu chikuru chaunogona kugovera kuIRA yakawanda gore rega rega. Nokuti 2017 muganhu uri $ 5,500, asi nhamba iyoyo inoshanduka kubva nenguva nenguva nekugadzirisa kwezvigadziriro. Kune avo vanopfuura makore makumi mashanu, imwezve "kubata" mupiro we $ 1 000 inobvumirwa.

Kurongedza uye kuwedzerwa kubva kune dzimwe nhoroondo dzekurasikirwa kazhinji hazvirevi zvinopesana nemiganhu iyo, asi pane dzakaoma zvakaoma nekutama-saka taura neyanyanzvi usati waita mari.

Kutanga kusununguka: IRAs yakagadzirirwa kubhadhara mari yekurega basa. Kunyange iwe uchibvumirwa kubhadhara pane imwe nguva , IRS inoshandisa makore 59 ½ yemakore apo iwe unogona kudzivisa zvimwe zvikwereti zvemitero pazvibvumirano kubva kuIRAs. Iwe unogona kutora kugoverwa zvisati zvaitika, asi iwe unogona kubhadhara mitero yemutero (pamwe nemutero wemari) yekutora zvishoma kunze kwekuti iwe unosangana nedzimwe nzira kana kushandisa mazano akakwirira. Chirango ichocho chinowanzoita 10 muzana yemari yaunotora, asi inogona kuva 25 muzana ye SIMPLE IRA inoronga.

RMDs: Nemhaka yekuti iwe unotora mari yemutero mumatare eIRAs, iwe unotanga kutanga kutora mari kunze uye kuunza mutero wemari. Mushure memakore 70 ½, mirairo ye IRS Inodiwa Minimum Distributions (RMDs) kubva kumadzitateguru eIrasi, ayo akagadzirirwa kuderedza pasi account yako pamusoro pekutarisira kwako upenyu. Roth IRAs haina maMDD ezvokutanga, asi rakagamuchira Roth IRAs inofanira kushandisa maMRD.

Pre-tax-tax-post-tax? Iko kukwanisa kuderedza zvipo kune imwe tsika yeIRA yave ichifadza kune makumi emakore. Vanoponesa vanogona kukwanisa kuderedza mari yavanobhadhara, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kupa mari. Zvisinei, vari kusarudza kubhadhara mitero gare gare pane nhasi. Zvichida kana kwete izvo zvinonzwisisika hazvizivikanwe-hatizivi kuti mitero inotarisa ichaita sei munguva yemberi, kana kuti iyo mitero inogona kuchinja nenzira dzisingatarisirwi. Roth IRAs vanobvumira vatsigiri kuti vabhadhara mitero, asi zvakare, kune dzakawanda zvisingazivikanwi (zvakadai sokuti mitero inotungamira, sei mitemo inogona kuchinja, nezvimwe). Kana iwe uine zvakawanda muzvigaro zvemakadhe kupfuura zvaunosarudza, unogona kuchinja zvinhu kubva kune tsika dzekare IRA kusvika kuRoth, asi pangave nemigumisiro yemitero isingatarisirwi pakuita saizvozvo.

Investments muIRAs

IRA inongova yerudzi rwekambani ine mitero. Izvo zvikamu hazvina matanho makuru pamasarudzo ako emari-funga nezveIRA se "wrapper" kunotarisa chero imwe yenyaya yaunoziva nayo.

Nepo kune zvimwe zvisiri izvo, unogona kushandisa chero chero rudzi rwemari yekutsvaga motokari mukati meIRA, kusanganisira mari mune mari yekuchengetedza, zvigwaro zvekuisa (CDs) , masayiti riskier semutengo wemari kana ETFs, nezvimwewo. Nzira yakakodzera yekutsvaga iwe ichabva pane zvimwe zvinhu, kusanganisira zvinangwa zvako uye kukwanisa kwako kuisa dambudziko nekuchengeta kwako.

Ndekupi Kuzarura IRA

Iwe unogona kuzarura IRA kumabhangi, zvikwereti zvemari , zvikwata zvekutsvaga, uye mamwe masangano emari. Kumbira chero ani zvake anenge aripo nezvemari yemari inowanika, mari yekuchengetedza mari yegore negore nezvimwe zvikwereti, nezvimwe zvinhu kuti uone kuti unofanira kuzarura IRA yako.

Mashoko Akakosha

Mitemo yemitero yakaoma, uye zvinhu zvingave zvashanduka sezvo nyaya ino yakanyorwa pakutanga. Zvinokosha kuti uone chokwadi iwe pachako usati waita zvisarudzo pamusoro pemari yako. Tarisa ne IRS kana kuti shanyira nemudzidzisi wezvemitero. Ichi chinyorwa chakanyorwa pasina ruzivo rwemamiriro ako ezvinhu kana zvinangwa zvako, saka usavimba naro semazano emari. Tariro, une zvimwe zvekufunga zvekufunga apo iwe unoshanyira CPA yako kana unyanzvi wemutero.