Diversification Basics yekuvaka Chikamu cheMutual Funds
Iko mari yakawanda yemumwe mutual fund yakawandisa? Mhinduro shoma ndeyekuti, "Zvinotenderera." Zvikonzero zvekufungisisa zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwekutsvaga, chinangwa chekutsvaga kwemuti wekutsvaga, uye muchengeti wekushungurudzika kwengozi. Asi mutemo we5% ndeyekutonga kwakanaka kwechigunwe chekutevera zvimwe zvekutsvaga zvinogona kushandiswa kune vashandi vakawanda.
Tisati tatsanangura mazana mashanu mukutonga mberi, ngatitangei kutsanangura mazita mashomanana ekutsvaga iwe unoda kuziva pakuvaka chikwereti chemari pamwe chete .
Tsanangudzo yemagariro ekugadzira chikamu cheMutual Funds
Paunenge uine chikwereti chezvemari, iwe unoda kugara uchifunga nezvemarudzi akasiyana siyana edzimba nemhando dzakasiyana dzemari pamwe chete. Izvi zvichatibatsira mukugadzirisa kuti mari yakawanda yei imwe yefa kana imwe yechipatimendi chekubatanidza mari inobhadhara muhofisi yako.
Heano zvinhu zvakakosha kuziva:
- Nhaka yeAsset : Imba inoshandiswa kana inokwanisa kuva yeimba. Mienzaniso inosanganisira mari yemari (mari), mashizha, zvisungo, ndarama, uye chaiyo pfuma. Nzvimbo dzeAsset, maererano nekutsvaga mari, ndiyo mitatu yezvinhu zvakakosha zvezvinhu: mashizha, zvisungo, uye mari.
- Kugoverwa kweAAset: Asset allocation inotsanangura kuti mari yekutsvaga inoparadzaniswa sei muzvikamu zvitatu zvekutsvaga kwekutsvaga-zvikwereti, zvikwereti, uye mari-mukati mehupfumiroti yemari. Kune muenzaniso wakajeka, mutengesi wemari inobatanidza mari inogona kuva nemari yakasiyana-siyana yakasiyana mumari yake yekutsvaga mari: Chikamu chemari yake inotengeswa mune imwe sangano mutual fund uye imwe hafu yakakamurwa zvakaenzana pakati pemamwe mari maviri-bhizimusi mari uye mari yemusika mari. Iyi nhengo inogona kuva nehupfumi hwemazana makumi mashanu ematengo, 25 muzana zvisungo, uye 25 muzana mari.
- Mari yekuchengetera mari: Chekuchengetedza zviyero zvemari izvo zvinowanzobatwa mune mari yemari. Izvo zvakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvakapararira kana mhando: zvikwereti zvakaenzana (aka equities) uye chikwereti chezvikwereti. Kazhinji kazhinji, zviyero zviyero. Dheti dzekutora chikwereti zvinogona kuva zvisungo, zvigwaro zvekuisa (CDs), sarudzo dzakasarudzika, nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya, zvakadai sekuchengetedzwa kwezvikwereti.
- Muchikamu chemari masangano : Mutengo wemari yakarongerwa muzvikamu neatset class (masitokisi, zvikwereti, nemari yemari / mari) uyezve inowanikwazve nechimiro, chinangwa, kana zano. Kudzidza kuti mari inobatanidza mari inobatsira sei mutyairi kudzidza kudzidza mari yakanakisisa yekugoverwa kwemari uye zvinangwa zvekusiyana. Semuenzaniso, kune mari yekutengeserana mari, mari yekutengeserana mari, uye mari yemari yemari pamwe chete. Sangano uye bhadha mari, sepokutanga mari yezvikwata, ine zvikamu zvakawanda zvezvikamu zvinotevera zvinotsanangura mararamiro emari ekubhadhara mari.
- Mari yemakemikari : Mari yemari inotarisa pane imwe shizha, chinangwa chevanhu, kana nharaunda yakadai sehutano hwehutano, dzimba, kana teknolojia. Chinangwa chavo chekutsinhanisa ndechokupa hukuru hwekutsvaga kune mamwe mapoka emabhizimisi, anoshevedzwa. Vashandi vemari vanobatanidza mari vanoshandisa mari yezvikamu kuti vawedzere kuisa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzehurumende dzinofunga kuti dzichaita zviri nani kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Kana tichienzanisa, mari yakasiyana-siyana-iyo iyo isingatarisiri kune imwe sangano-ichave yakatova nehuwandu hwemabhizimisi. Semuenzaniso, S & P 500 Index Fund inopa kubudiswa kune zvikamu, zvakadai sehutano, simba, teknolojia, zvishandiso, uye makambani emari.
- Mutual fund holdings : Mari yekubatanidza mari inomiririra zvivimbiso (zvikwereti kana zvisungo) zvakachengetwa muhomwe. Zvose zvebato rinobatana zvinosangana nekugadzira chikwereti chimwechete. Fungidzira bhaketi yakazadzwa nematombo. Bhuku ndiro mari yekutengeserana, uye rimwe dombo rimwe chete kana bhositi. Nhamba yematombo ose (mashizha kana zvisungo) zvakaenzana nenhamba yose yekubata.
Nzira Yokushandisa Nayo 5 Mazana Mutemo Wokutsvaga
Mumuenzaniso wakajeka wekutonga kwe5 muzana, mumwe muzvikwereti anozvivakira podhopu yezvimwe zvivigiro zvekuchengetedza. Mutengi aigona kupa hutongi hwe5% kuburikidza nekuvaka chikwereti chematokari makumi maviri (pa5 kubva muzana imwe neimwe, chikwereti chakakwana chakafanana ne100 muzana). Zvisinei, varimi vakawanda vanoshandisa mutengo wemari, iyo inofungidzirwa kuva yakasiyana-siyana, asi izvi hazvisi nguva dzose.
Chimwe chezvikomborero zvakawanda zvekubhadhara mari ndeyekuti zviri nyore.
Asi hutongi hwe5% hunogona kuputswa kana mutyairi asingazivi mari yake yekuchengetedza. Semuenzaniso, mutengi wezvikwata zvekubhadhara mari anogona kutora mutemo we5% kuburikidza nekutsvaga mune imwe yepamusoro yeS & P 500 Index Index nokuti nhamba yose yekubata inosvika mazana mashanu emashesi, imwe neimwe inomiririra 1 muzana kana iri pasi pehupfumi yemari. Asi mari imwe chete inobhadhara zvikwereti zvematokisi, zvisungo, kana zvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai semidziyo inokosha (goridhe, somuenzaniso), izvo vashandi vangave vasingazivi kunze kwekunge vaverenga pepa rekutsvaga mari kana kushandisa imwe nzvimbo dzepaIndaneti yekutsvakurudza mutual funds .
Vashandi vanofanirwawo kushandisa shanduro ye5 muzana nemari yemari. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchida kusiyanisa nehutano hwakadai sehutano, humba, zvivako, uye goridhe, iwe unongoramba ugovera chikamu kune 5% kana pasi pane imwe neimwe.
Muenzaniso Mutual Fund Portfolio Kushandisa 5 Percent Rule Rokutsvaga
Ramba uchiyeuka kuti kugoverwa kwako kune rimwe mutero rinogona kuva rakakwirira zvakanyanya kupfuura 5% kana mari yacho pachayo isingadariki mutemo we5%. Semuenzaniso, chimiro chakanaka chekugadzirisa mapepa kuti chishandise ndicho chinonyanya kukosha uye sataneti , iyo nzira yekusarudza mari ye "core", yakadai seS & P 500 Index fund, ine ruzivo rwakakura, se40%, uye iyo ne "satellite" mari, imwe neimwe inenge yakapoteredza 5-20 kubva muzana. Indekisi yemari yakakosha kushandiswa kune zvose zvakakosha uye ma satellite nokuti dzakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana.
Heino musimboti wekutanga uye satellite, iyo inotora hutongi hwe5%, uchishandisa mari yekuenzanisira uye mapoka:
65% Stocks
25% Vanguard 500 Index (VFINX)
15% iShares MSCI ACWI ex US Index (ACWX)
10% iShares Russell 2000 Index (IWM)
5% Zvishandiso Zero Muchikamu SPDR (XLU)
5% T. Rowe Price Health Sciences (PRHSX)
5% iShares Cohen & Steers Realty Majors (ICF)25% Bonds
25% Vanguard Total Bond Market Index (VBMFX)10% Cash
Kana uchida mari, tsvaga mari yakanaka yemari yemari pamutengi wako.
Sezvaunogona kuona, mari yezvikamu (mashandisirwo, hutano hwehutano, uye yeimba) yakagamuchira 5 kubva muzana inogoverwa, nokuti izvi zvakabatana mari inowedzera kune imwe rudzi rwechigadzirwa, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera huwandu hwehutano. Dambudziko rekudzivirirwa kwepamusoro-soro rinofanira kuwanzwa kuwana zvikamu zviduku zvinowanikwa. Mimwe mari inobhadhara mari inogona kuwana zvikamu zvepamusoro zvikamu.
Uyewo funga nezvehutongi hwe3%.
Zvinonzwisisika: Mashoko ari pawebsite ino anopa mazano ekukurukurirana chete uye haafaniri kushandiswa sezvinongoita mazano ekutsvaga mari. Pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu iyo ruzivo runomiririra hutungamiri kutenga kana kutengesa zvigumisiro.