Mutual Fund Types uye zvikamu

Nzira iyo Mutual Fund Types Inoshandiswa

Mutual fund types yakarongerwa muzvikamu neatset class (mashizha, mabhandi uye mari) uye inowedzera kuenzaniswa nesimboti, chinangwa kana zano. Kudzidza kuti mari inobatanidza mari inobatsira sei mutyairi kudzidza kudzidza mari yakanakisisa yekugoverwa kwemari uye zvinangwa zvekusiyana. Semuenzaniso, kune mari yekutengeserana mari, mari yekutengeserana mari uye mari yemari yemari pamwe chete. Sangano uye bhadha mari, sepokutanga mari yemhando, ine zvikamu zvakawanda zvezvikamu izvo zvinowedzera kutsanangura nzira yekutsvaga kwechikwama.

Stock Mutual Fund Zvikamu

Mari yekosi inotanga kuenzaniswa nemutauro maererano nemavhareji emari yemari (ukuru hwebhizimisi kana sangano rakaenzana nemutengo wekugovana nguva iyo inhamba yezvikamu zvakakosha):

• Makore-cap Stock Stock Funds inowedzera mumatanda emakambani nemaketheni makuru emakethe (makuru kupfuura $ 11 biliyoni, maererano ne Morningstar ). Makambani aya akawandisa zvokuti iwe zvichida wakanzwa nezvavo kana iwe ungatotenga zvigadzirwa kana mabasa kubva kwavari nguva dzose. Mamwe mazita makuru-mashizha anosanganisira Wal-Mart, Exxon, GE, Pfizer, Bank of America, Apple uye Microsoft. Mambakwedza inewo mushamba weboka rekusika, unonzi "Giant," iyo inomiririra mutengo wekutsinhanisa mari mumakambani emagetsi ehomwe yemari inodarika $ 47 mabhiriyoni.
• Mid-cap Stock Funds inowedzera mumatokari emakambani ekuma-size capital (pakati pe $ 2.5 mabhiriyoni ne $ 11 mabhiriyoni, maererano ne Morningsta r ). Mamwe mazita emakambani aungaziva, akadai sa Harley Davidson neNetflix, asi vamwe vangave vasingazivi, zvakadai seSanDisk Corporation kana Life Technologies Corp.

• Dhomwe-cap Stock Funds inowedzera mumatanda emakambani emadhora mashoma (pakati pe $ 750 mamiriyoni uye $ 2.5 biliyoni, maererano ne Morningstar). Kunyange zvazvo bhizimusi-dollar corporation inogona kuoneka yakakura kwauri, yakawanda kana ichifananidzwa neWal-Marts uye Exxons yenyika. Morningsta r inewo mushamba weboka remakethe, unonzi "Micro-cap" iyo inomirira mutengo wemari inotengeswa mumakambani nemavhareji emari yemari inoshandiswa pasi pe $ 750 mamiriyoni.

Sangano mari inotevera inorongwa maererano nechinangwa chavo, iyo inonyanya kugoverwa kuva Kukura, Kukosha kana kuvepa zvinangwa:

• Growth Stock Funds inowedzera mukukura kwematokari, ayo ari mashomanana emakambani anotarisirwa kukura pamwero wepamhanho kudarika mutengo wepamusi.
• Kukosha Kwekuchengetwa Kwemari Mari inotengesera kukosha kwezvikwata, izvo zvikwereti zvemakambani anenge ari muteresi kana mutual fund manager anotenda kuti ari kutengesa pamutengo wakaderera kupfuura kukosha kwemusika. Kukosha Kwekubhadhara Mari Mari inowanzonzi Dividend Mutual Funds nokuti kukosha kwezvikwata zvinowanzobhadhara chikwereti kuvashambadziri, asi iyo inowanzo kukohwa haina kubhadhara chikwereti kumutengesi nokuti sangano rinodzosera zvikamu kuti riwedzere kukura sangano.
• Blend Stock Funds inowedzera mune mutsara wekukura uye kukoshesa zvikwata.

Iye zvino zvawakadzidza zvinyorwa zvekutengesa mutual fund categorization, iwe unonzwisisa zvinorevei, somuenzaniso, kana ukaona imwe mutual fund inorongwa seMid-cap Value Fund. Icho chikwereti chinopa mari muboka rezvikwata zvinomiririra zvikwangwani zvepakati pemazana ekugadzirwa kwepamusoro nechinangwa chekukosha.

Sangano mari inogonawo kuenzaniswa seIndaneti kana yeInternet Stock , kusvika munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai seEuropean kana Pacific Rim, kana munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, iyo inowanzoti mari yezvikamu , zvakadai seHealth, Real Estate, Technology, Energy, Consumer Staples, Utilities zvichingoenda zvakadaro.

Bond Mutual Fund Zvikamu

Mhando dzemari yezvisungo uye kuti dzinorongwa sei dzinogona kunzwisiswa zvakanakisisa kuburikidza nekudzokorora zvinyorwa zvezvisungo . Zvikwereti zvinonyanya kukosha IOUs yakabudiswa nemasangano, akadai sehurumende yeUnited States kana makambani, uye mari yezvemabatanidzwa ehurumende inonyanya kusarudzwa nemamwe masangano anoda kukwereta mari nekubvisa zvisungo:

• Hurumende Bond Funds inoshandisa mari yakasiyana-siyana yeUnited Treasury bonds.
• Municipal Bond Funds inoshandisa mari yakasiyana-siyana yezvisungo zveMasipala. Bhizimisi wehutano - maneti - inowanzove nyika mukati meUnited States (kureva California California Bond).
• Corporate Bond Funds inoshandisa zvikwereti zvakasiyana-siyana zvakabudiswa nekambani.

Mari yeBond inosarudzwawo nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemashure (hwakafanana, asi kwete nguva dzose yakafanana, kukura) kwezvisungo zvakabatanidzwa muhurumende yekubatana:

• Yenguva refu Bond Funds inonyanya kutenga zvisungo pamwe nekureba kwenguva yakareba makore gumi.

• Pakati pepakati-bond Bond Funds inonyanya kutenga zvisungo pamwe nemakore pakati pe3,5 nemakore matanhatu.
• Nenguva pfupi Bond Funds inonyanya kutenga zvisungo pamwe nekupera kwemakore matatu kusvika ku3.
• Ultra-nguva pfupi Bond Funds inonyanya kutenga zvisungo pamwe nemakore zvishoma kwegore rimwe.

Bond mutual funds inogona kuve ichinyatsosiyaniswa nehutano hwekwereti yezvisungo zvepanyika zvakachengetwa mune imwe mari yezvisungo. Semuenzaniso, US bonds bonds ndeimwe yepamusoro yekodzero yepamusoro (dambudziko rakanyanya kumusungwa) uye "Junk Bonds" ndeimwe yepamusoro yekodhi yepamusoro (yakanyanya kukonzerwa nehutanisi) uye inowanzonzi yakakwirira yezvisungo zvisungo.