Iyo SEC Bond Inopa Kuenzanisa Inopa Maitiro Akakosha Okuongorora
Zvechokwadi, kune nzira dzakawanda dzokugadzirisa zvibereko: kuparadzirwa kwezvibereko (uye zvakasiyana-siyana) uye SEC kugadzirwa. Ndezvipi zvibereko zvekuverenga iwe waunofanira kushandisa kuti uwane kuti kudzoka kwako chaiye kungava kupi, uye nei kuchikosha?
Ndichitarira shure
Unzwisise pakutanga kuti kana kuparadzirwa hakubvumi kana kuti SEC inobereka inogona kukuudza kuti mari yako inobhadhara mari yako kubva kupi panguva yaunotenga kusvikira iwe uchitengesa. Zvose zviripo zvinowanikwa pane zvakaitwa kare. Sezvaunoziva uye sewebsite dzezvemari dzichakuyeuchidza, kushanda kwekare hakusi chiratidzo chekudzoka kweramangwana.
Kugoverwa Kugoverwa uye Nei Zvichida Zvisina Kururama
Chimwe chinhu chekupararira kwezvibereko zvekugovera - kuedza kwako kunzwisisa kukosha kwebato rebhadhiro rakanyoreswa kugovera zvibereko - iyo haisi mari yose inotora ichi nenzira yakafanana. Heino imwe nzira yakajeka:
Kugovera kugoverwa kunoverengerwa nokutora mari yekugoverwa kwemari pamwedzi wakapera - kazhinji chinhu chimwe chete sechaparadhiso chazvino - uye kuwedzera kuti ne12 kusvika apo izvo zvingangodaro kana zvisingasviki mwedzi gumi nemaviri kugoverwa.
Iko kunotyisa uye kazhinji kusinganzwisisiki kwekudzoka kwegore negore. Iko kuverenga uye kunoparadzanisa uku kutora mwedzi gumi nemakumi maviri ekudzoka kweguru kwemwedzi weNaV, iyo inokupa kukohwa kwekugovera, kana kuti kunyanya, imwe yezvokugovera zvibereko zvinowanzoshandiswa nemari:
Kupararira Kubudirira = Kugoverwa kwemazuva 30 muzana x 12 / kuguma kwemwedzi NAV
Iyi kuverenga kunosanganisira zvitatu zviri nyore zvinyorwa zvinogona kukanganisa kururamisa kwayo kana, zvakanyanya, iyo inobatsira.
Yokutanga uye yakajeka ndeyekuti kazhinji hazvirevi kunyatsofungidzira kuti mari inowanikwa mumazuva makumi matatu apfuura yakawedzerwa ne12 inoyanana nemwedzi gumi nembiri kudzoka. Mune zvimwe, zvichida mamiriro akawanda, zvichauya zvakaswedera pedyo nekudzoka kwemwedzi gumi nemaviri. Uye pane dzimwe nguva, mari yakatarwa uye mari chaiyo inogona kunge yakasiyana chaizvo
Chipiri chekufungidzira kunopesana nekururama kwekugoverwa kwekugoverwa kwekugoverwa ndechokuti kwete mwedzi woga woga kune nhamba yakafanana yemazuva. Kana iwe uchiverenga kudzoka pakupera kwaFebruary, uri kushandisa zuva rekuparadzira kwemazuva 28; kana iwe uchiverenga munaJuly, uri kushandisa zuva remazuva makumi matatu nemashanu. Chimwe chikwereti chinobhadhara X madhora mumazuva 28 chinodzoka chekudzoka chinenge 30 ÷ 28 muzana chakakwirira kudarika zvimwechete X chibereko kune mazuva makumi matatu. Iyi misiyano inogona kukanganisa mugumisiro wako zvishoma nezvishoma. Iyo yakanakisisa inogona kutaurwa nokuda kweizvi ndeyokuti musiyano hauzove wakakosha zvikuru.
Mhedziso yechitatu ndeyokuti ikozvino NAV inomiririra yevoruzhinji NAV pamwedzi gumi nemaviri akapfuura. Hapana chaicho chikonzero chekufungidzira kuti izvi zvakarurama pane kufunga kuti nhasi mutengo wemari paAppl (AAPL) inowanikwa mukati megore rapfuura.
Mukutaura, muna 2016, mutengo weAAPL wekugoverwa wakasimuka uye wawa zvakare pamusoro peanenge makumi mana kubva muzana. Bond fund yemari haisi kazhinji yakanyanyisa zvakadaro, asi haigoni kuchinja kana.
Mamwe Kuparadzirwa Kunobhadhara Kuverenga Mazano
Kune dzimwe nzira dzakaratidza kuti kuparadzirwa kwekugovera kuverenga kunogona kuuya zvishomanana kune chokwadi. Mumwe haafaniri kutora chiyero chekuparadzirwa kwemwedzi wega wega asi kuwandisa zvidimbu zvekugoverwa kwemwedzi kune gore rakapera, ndokugovana ne gumi nemaviri. Ndiyo chaiyo mwedzi gumi nematanhatu inotevedzana.
Chimwe ndechokugadzirisa "zuva rekupararira kwemazuva makumi matatu" kuti kuratidze kudzoka kwemazuva makumi matatu-mune mamwe mazwi, kuchiwedzera zviri nani munaFebruary nekurigadzirisa pasi mumazuva makumi matatu nemasere.
Kuvandudza kwechitatu ndiko kuenzanisa nharaunda yekutora mwedzi 12 yeVANVs.
Iyo yakagadziriswa kugovera zvibereko kuverenga inoita seyiyi:
Kupararira Kubhadhara = (Zvikamu zvekutarisa kwemwedzi gumi nemadhora) x (30 / mazuva chaiwo mumwedzi uno x x 12) ÷ (chiverengero chekutora mwedzi 12 zuva nezuva NAV / 365)
Apo kugoverwa kwekugovera kunoverengwa nenzira iyi, inonziwo chibereko cheTTM - TTM iri chirevo che "kutora mwedzi gumi nemaviri."
Kusvika pakupera kwezana remakore rechi20, SEC yakapindira munyaya iyi yakavhiringidza uye kubva ipapo yaida kuti makambani ose emari akaisa zvose pakugovera kwavo kugovera, yakagadzirirwa nezvose zvavakagara vachishandisa uye SEC kubvumira, izvo zvinoda kushandisa maitiro akaenzana akanyorwa ne the SEC.
Chii icho SEC inopa kuverenga?
Iko kushandiswa kweS SEC inodanwa nokuti makambani ekubudirira anodiwa kuudza kune Securities and Exchange Commission. Pasina kupinda mumasora ezvimwe zvakaoma chaizvo kuverenga, izvo zvisingabatsiri wekusimbisa, siri rekuberekwa kwechipiri rinotarisa muchero wekusima mari anogamuchira mugore rimwe achifunga kuti kusungwa kwega kwega mune chikwereti cheporofisiti ichichengetwa kusvika pakukura . Ichi chiyero chinotorazve kudzorerwa kwezvose zvinowanikwa uye zvikwereti zvekutarisira mari uye mari.
Vamwe vaongorori nevanyori vezvemari, vakadai saKaren Damato kunyora muMay 16 Street Wall Journal pamusoro pekuvhiringidzika muzvisungo kugovera kuverenga, tenda kuti SEC kuverenga kunopa mhinduro yakarurama kupfuura yezvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugovera zvibereko uye kuti yakanyatsoenderana mwedzi-ne-mwedzi. Ichokwadi, kana imwe kuverenga ichaswedera pedyo nemitengo ine mwedzi gumi nemasere pane imwe iyo pane imwe nzvimbo nyaya yakatarwa nemusika. Zvose zvinobereka zviyero ndezvokuti pane izvo zvatoitika, kwete izvo zvichauya. Uyezve, apo kushandiswa kwekupararira kunobereka kuverenga kunofunga zvingave kana zvisingarevi zvokwadi, saizvozvowo SEC kuverenga: makambani akawanda akachengetedza zvikwereti anenge asingambofi akabata zvibvumirano zvose kusvika pakukura kwawo. Zvisinei, kushandisa kusinganzwisisiki kwezvibereko zve SEC ndezvokuti zvakasimirirwa - zvino vatengi vanogona kufananidza maapuro nemaapuro.
Imwe nzira yekugadzirisa dambudziko rayo iri nani: Enda zvakananga kune webhusaiti yeimwe mutual fund yekambani kana kambani inobata ETF. Sezvo ava vanotora zvikwereti vanofanirwa kugovera zvose kugoverwa kwekugovera uye kusvitsa kwemazuva makumi maviri nemakumi matatu, iwe uchakwanisa kuwana pfungwa iri nani pane mari yaungagamuchira kubva muchikwama. Mazuva ekutsvaga kutsvakurudza, muzvokwadi, vanotsigira kutora zvose zviverengero munyaya-vanofungidzira kuti kuzvifunga ivo vose zvichakupa kunzwa kwakanaka kwekushanda kwesangano pane imwe inoshandiswa yoga.